Developmental changes in adolescents’ neural response to challenge
Open accessAbstract
Adolescents often fail to adaptively regulate their emotions and behaviors. This is most clearly demonstrated by the marked increase during this period in fatalities that are attributable to preventable causes. Using functional magnetic resonance methodology, this study explored whether adolescents and adults differed in their engagement of prefrontal circuitry in response to a cognitive and emotional challenge. Twenty-four adolescents and twenty-three adults were scanned while they solved difficult math problems with induced failure and negative social evaluation. Data is reported from 23 adolescents and 23 adults. Adult and adolescent participants showed similar increases in heart rate when responding to the experimental challenge. Despite the similarity of the autonomic response, adolescents recruited a more restricted network of prefrontal regions as compared to adults. Both adolescents and adults recruited the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex and the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, however adults additionally recruited the anterior insula. Functional connectivity between the anterior insula and other prefrontal regions was stronger in adults as compared to adolescents. Further, for adults, the magnitude of activity in the insula predicted lower autonomic activity in response to the challenge. Differences between adolescents and adults engagement of prefrontal networks may relate to adolescents’ poor behavioral and emotional regulation.
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Shaw et al. (2008) found that the most anterior portion of the insula exhibited linear thinning across adolescence, suggesting ongoing maturation similar to cognitive control regions.
“Using cortical thickness measurements as a marker of neural maturity (thinner cortex is associated with greater neural maturity), Shaw et al. [60] (2008) found that the most anterior portion of the insula (not anatomically defined in the paper, however) exhibited a linear pattern of thinning across adolescence, suggesting that this region undergoes ongoing maturation across this developmental peri”
From The role of the anterior insula in adolescent decision making (2014) · cites this paper as [62]
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- Authors
- Strang, N. M., Pruessner, J., & Pollak, S. D.
- Affiliations
- University of Wisconsin–Madison (US)
- McGill University (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Strang, Nicole M.
- Venue
- Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2011-10
- Volume
- 1
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 560-569
- ISSN
- 1878-9293 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3175365
- OpenAlex
- W2136130999
- Cited by
- 22
- References
- 49
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 2 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 2 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 0.97
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- KOPS (University of Konstanz) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH61285)
- Children's Bureau of the Administration on Children, Youth and Families
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Keywords
- adolescent brain development, prefrontal cortex, anterior insula, dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, emotion regulation, cognitive challenge, social evaluation, heart rate, functional connectivity, autonomic responses, adolescents versus adults
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Brain Mapping, Child, Emotions, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Nerve Net, Photic Stimulation, Psychomotor Performance, Reaction Time, Prefrontal Cortex, Adolescent Development, Young Adult
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