Cited by 126Skin Protection and AgingContact Dermatitis and Allergiesmelanin and skin pigmentation

Human safety and efficacy of ultraviolet filters and sunscreen products

Nash, JF.·2006·Dermatologic Clinics

Abstract

Ultraviolet (UV) filters are the active ingredients in sunscreens. The concentration and combination of UV filters determine the efficacy of sunscreens as measured by sun protection factor. The safety of individual UV filters, and, more generally, sunscreen products, is a matter of a few related components: objective toxicologic evaluation, phototoxicologic potential, and human health consequences of using products that may reduce some but not all of the solar UV. Of 16 UV filters approved by the US Food and Drug Administration, 9 are used in different combinations in the most currently marketed sunscreens. Most of these compounds are considered safe and effective alone or in combination with other UV filters based on extensive toxicologic/phototoxicologic evaluations and market history. The benefits from proper use of sunscreens outweigh real or perceived human health concerns, establishing a favorable benefit-to-risk ratio. Future UV filters will require complete human safety evaluations alone and in combination with select benchmark ingredients.

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Crossref · 10.1016/j.det.2005.09.006

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153 of 153 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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  • Octocrylene has an excellent safety profile with low irritation, phototoxicity, and photoallergic potential.

    “The compound has an excellent safety profile with low irritation, phototoxicity and photoallergic potential (77).”
  • OMC is water resistant and has low skin irritancy potential.

    “Other attributes that make this chemical appealing to the sunscreen formulators are its water resistant property and low skin irritancy potential (77).”

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Authors
Nash, J.
Affiliations
Procter & Gamble (United States) (US)
Corresponding author
Nash, JF.
Venue
Dermatologic Clinics
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2006-01
Volume
24
Issue
1
Pages
35-51
ISSN
0733-8635 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2100316165
Cited by
126
References
158
Citations by year
2025: 6 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 10
FWCI
1.37
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Dermatologic Clinics (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Dermatology › Skin Protection and Aging
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Dermatology › Contact Dermatitis and Allergies
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › melanin and skin pigmentation
Keywords
UV filters, sunscreen safety, sunscreen efficacy, sun protection factor, phototoxicity, toxicology, risk-benefit assessment
MeSH terms
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical, Humans, Sunscreening Agents, Risk Assessment, Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions

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