Dispositional mindfulness and prescription opioid misuse among chronic pain patients: Craving and attention to positive information as mediating mechanisms
Abstract
Objectives Opioid-treated chronic pain patients may be at risk for prescription opioid misuse due to heightened opioid craving coupled with deficits in attention to naturally rewarding, positive stimuli. Conversely, dispositional mindfulness, which is associated with reduced craving and increased responsiveness to natural rewards, may serve as a protective factor and buffer opioid misuse risk. The current investigation aimed to examine the association between mindfulness and opioid misuse, and to test opioid craving and attention to positive information as mediators of this relationship.Methods This cross-sectional analysis examined data obtained from a sample of civilian opioid-treated chronic pain patients in the Southeastern U.S. (Sample 1: N = 115), as well as civilian (Sample 2: N = 141) and military samples in the Intermountain West (Sample 3: N = 44). Pearson correlations and path analyses were employed to test relations among participant self-reports on the Current Opioid Misuse Measure (COMM), the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ), two measures of opioid craving, and the Attention to Positive and Negative Information Scale (APNIS).Results Across all three samples, dispositional mindfulness was significantly inversely associated with opioid misuse (N = 300, r = -0.36, p < .001). Reduced opioid craving and increased attention to positive information mediated the association between dispositional mindfulness and opioid misuse.Discussion Dispositional mindfulness may buffer opioid misuse risk by attenuating opioid craving and enhancing attention to naturally rewarding stimuli.
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In a few studies in patients receiving opioid treatment for chronic pain, mindfulness has been significantly inversely correlated with opioid craving.
“In a few studies in patients receiving opioid treatment for chronic pain, mindfulness has been significantly inversely correlated with opioid craving (134–136).”
From Craving in Opioid Use Disorder: From Neurobiology to Clinical Practice (2019) · cites this paper as [135]
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Craving in Opioid Use Disorder: From Neurobiology to Clinical Practice
Kakko, J., Alho, H., Baldacchino, A., Molina, R., Nava, F. A., & Shaya, G. (2019) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00592 · Cited by 140 · see citing works
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Priddy, S. E., Hanley, A. W., Riquino, M. R., Platt, K. A., Baker, A. K., & Garland, E. L.
- Affiliations
- University of Utah (US)
- Florida Atlantic University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Garland, Eric L.
- Venue
- Drug and Alcohol Dependence
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2018-07
- Volume
- 188
- Pages
- 86-93
- ISSN
- 0376-8716 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2801171918
- Cited by
- 19
- References
- 55
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 4
- FWCI
- 1.90
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Drug and Alcohol Dependence (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (R03DA032517, R01DA042033, R34DA037005)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Opioid Use Disorder Treatment
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Keywords
- trait mindfulness, prescription opioid misuse, chronic pain, opioid craving, natural reward, mediation, military personnel, civilian patients
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Analgesics, Opioid, Attention, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Opioid-Related Disorders, Surveys and Questionnaires, Southeastern United States, Substance-Related Disorders, Self Report, Chronic Pain, Mindfulness, Craving
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