MRI of normal fetal brain development

Prayer, Daniela; Kasprian, Gregor; Krampl, Elisabeth; Ulm, Barbara; Witzani, Linde; Prayer, Lucas; Brugger, Peter C.

doi:10.1016/j.ejrad.2005.11.020

Cited by 240Fetal and Pediatric Neurological DisordersAdvanced MRI Techniques and ApplicationsNeonatal and fetal brain pathology

MRI of normal fetal brain development

Prayer, Daniela, Kasprian, Gregor, Krampl, Elisabeth, Ulm, Barbara, Witzani, Linde, Prayer, Lucas, Brugger, Peter C.·2006·European Journal of Radiology

DOI 10.1016/j.ejrad.2005.11.020

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Abstract

Normal fetal brain maturation can be studied by in vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) from the 18th gestational week (GW) to term, and relies primarily on T2-weighted and diffusion-weighted (DW) sequences. These maturational changes must be interpreted with a knowledge of the histological background and the temporal course of the respective developmental steps. In addition, MR presentation of developing and transient structures must be considered. Signal changes associated with maturational processes can mainly be ascribed to the following changes in tissue composition and organization, which occur at the histological level: (1) a decrease in water content and increasing cell-density can be recognized as a shortening of T1- and T2-relaxation times, leading to increased T1-weighted and decreased T2-weighted intensity, respectively; (2) the arrangement of microanatomical structures to create a symmetrical or asymmetrical environment, leading to structural differences that may be demonstrated by DW-anisotropy; (3) changes in non-structural qualities, such as the onset of a membrane potential in premyelinating axons. The latter process also influences the appearance of a structure on DW sequences. Thus, we will review the in vivo MR appearance of different maturational states of the fetal brain and relate these maturational states to anatomical, histological, and in vitro MRI data. Then, the development of the cerebral cortex, white matter, temporal lobe, and cerebellum will be reviewed, and the MR appearance of transient structures of the fetal brain will be shown. Emphasis will be placed on the appearance of the different structures with the various sequences. In addition, the possible utility of dynamic fetal sequences in assessing spontaneous fetal movements is discussed.

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Ontogenesis follows the phylogenetic axis: histological and MRI analyses of normal foetal brain development have highlighted the early maturation of the hippocampus and thalamus.
“Ontogenesis follows the phylogenetic axis: histological and MRI analyses [60,62] of normal foetal brain development have highlighted the early maturation of the hippocampus and thalamus (see also [82]).”
From Voxel-based mapping of brain gray matter volume and glucose metabolism profiles in normal aging (2009) · cites this paper as [60]

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Voxel-based mapping of brain gray matter volume and glucose metabolism profiles in normal aging
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Motion correction and volumetric reconstruction for fetal functional magnetic resonance imaging data
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Fetal functional imaging portrays heterogeneous development of emerging human brain networks
Jakab, A., Schwartz, E., Kasprian, G., Gruber, G. M., Prayer, D., SchÃ¶pf, V., & Langs, G. (2014) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2014.00852 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
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Authors: Prayer, D., Kasprian, G., Krampl, E., Ulm, B., Witzani, L., Prayer, L., & Brugger, P. C.
Affiliations: Medical University of Vienna (AT)
Corresponding author: Prayer, Daniela
ORCID: Prayer, Daniela
Kasprian, Gregor
Ulm, Barbara
Brugger, Peter C.
Venue: European Journal of Radiology
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2006-02
Volume: 57
Issue: 2
Pages: 199-216
ISSN: 0720-048X (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2005.11.020
OpenAlex: W2041162236
Cited by: 240
References: 142
Citations by year: 2026: 7 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 12
FWCI: 1.98
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: European Journal of Radiology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Fetal and Pediatric Neurological Disorders
Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Neonatal and fetal brain pathology
Keywords: fetal brain development, fetal brain maturation, T2-weighted imaging, diffusion-weighted imaging, diffusion anisotropy, T1 and T2 relaxation, cortical development, white matter development, cerebellar development, membrane potential, fetal movement
MeSH terms: Brain, Female, Fetus, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Pregnancy, Fetal Development

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MRI of normal fetal brain development

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