Pregnancy rate and outcome in Swedish women with Turner syndrome
Open accessAbstract
Pregnancies occurred in 57 (12%) of 482 Swedish women with Turner syndrome with a liveborn rate of 54% in 124 pregnancies. Spontaneous pregnancies occurred in 40%, mainly in women with 45,X/46,XX mosaicism, and oocyte donation in 53% where miscarriages were less frequent, odds ratio = 0.43 (95% confidence interval 0.17-1.04).
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In women less than 50 years of age, there has been no specific lower limit for 45,X that defines TS, although many have used 5%.
“In women less than 50 years of age, there has been no specific lower limit for 45,X that defines TS, although many have used 5%.11,12”
From Clinical practice guidelines for the care of girls and women with Turner syndrome. (2024) · cites this paper as [11]
More than one third of girls with Turner syndrome develop signs of puberty; in non-45,X patients this is twice as common.
“More than one third of girls with TS develop signs of puberty, in non-45,X patients this is twice as common.”
From Clinical practice guidelines for the care of girls and women with Turner syndrome. (2024) · cites this paper as [11]
Only one in five girls with Turner syndrome has spontaneous menarche.
“Only one in five girls has spontaneous menarche”
From Clinical practice guidelines for the care of girls and women with Turner syndrome. (2024) · cites this paper as [11]
The chance for spontaneous pregnancy in Turner syndrome is about 10%, and it is more common in women with mosaic karyotype.
“the chance for spontaneous pregnancy is about 10%, again more common in women with mosaic karyotype.”
From Clinical practice guidelines for the care of girls and women with Turner syndrome. (2024) · cites this paper as [11]
Following spontaneous conception, miscarriages are more frequent in individuals with TS compared with the background population: 29%-48% versus 15%.
“Following spontaneous conception, miscarriages are more frequent in individuals with TS compared with the background population: 29%-48% versus 15%.11,511,561,584,585”
From Clinical practice guidelines for the care of girls and women with Turner syndrome. (2024) · cites this paper as [11]
Due to ovarian insufficiency, most individuals with TS are infertile, with spontaneous pregnancies occurring in about 10%.
“Due to ovarian insufficiency, most individuals with TS are infertile, with spontaneous pregnancies occurring in about 10%.11,511,561-564”
From Clinical practice guidelines for the care of girls and women with Turner syndrome. (2024) · cites this paper as [11]
The key predictive factors associated with the probability of spontaneous conception are a history of spontaneous menarche and a 45,X/46,XX karyotype.
“The key predictive factors associated with the probability of spontaneous conception are a history of spontaneous menarche, and a 45,X/46,XX karyotype.11,511,561-563”
From Clinical practice guidelines for the care of girls and women with Turner syndrome. (2024) · cites this paper as [11]
Reported anomalies in TS pregnancies include cerebral palsy, neuropsychological disorders, cleft lip and palate, coarctation of the aorta, ambiguous genitalia, hydrocephalus, and trisomy 21.
“Reported anomalies include cerebral palsy, neuropsychological disorders, cleft lip and palate, coarctation of the aorta, ambiguous genitalia, hydrocephalus as well as trisomy 21.11,562,563”
From Clinical practice guidelines for the care of girls and women with Turner syndrome. (2024) · cites this paper as [11]
Data are inconsistent regarding the risk of birth anomalies, which are reported in 0%-24% of spontaneous TS pregnancies compared with ∼3% in the background population.
“Data are inconsistent regarding the risk of birth anomalies, which are reported in 0%-24% of spontaneous TS pregnancies compared with ∼3% in the background population.11,511,561,562,584,589”
From Clinical practice guidelines for the care of girls and women with Turner syndrome. (2024) · cites this paper as [11]
Sex chromosome abnormalities may be more common in the pregnancies of individuals with TS.
“Sex chromosome abnormalities may be more common in the pregnancies of individuals with TS.11,587,588”
From Clinical practice guidelines for the care of girls and women with Turner syndrome. (2024) · cites this paper as [11]
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- Authors
- Bryman, I., Sylvén, L., Berntorp, K., Innala, E., Bergström, I., Hanson, C., Oxholm, M., & Landin-Wilhelmsen, K.
- Affiliations
- Sahlgrenska University Hospital (SE)
- Karolinska University Hospital (SE)
- Skåne University Hospital (SE)
- University Hospital of Umeå (SE)
- Norra Älvsborgs Länssjukhus (SE)
- Corresponding author
- Bryman, Inger
- Venue
- Fertility and Sterility
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2011-06
- Volume
- 95
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 2507-2510
- ISSN
- 0015-0282 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2061753871
- Cited by
- 190
- References
- 25
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 42 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 6.78
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Fertility and Sterility (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Lund University Publications (Lund University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Forskningsrådet för Arbetsliv och Socialvetenskap
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic and Clinical Aspects of Sex Determination and Chromosomal Abnormalities
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Sexual Differentiation and Disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Reproductive Health and Technologies
- Keywords
- Turner syndrome, pregnancy rate, live birth rate, spontaneous conception, oocyte donation, miscarriage, 45,X/46,XX mosaicism, pregnancy outcomes
- MeSH terms
- Abortion, Spontaneous, Abortion, Legal, Adolescent, Adult, Female, Fertility, Fertilization in Vitro, Humans, Infertility, Female, Insemination, Artificial, Mosaicism, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Outcome, Risk Factors, Sweden, Turner Syndrome, Chi-Square Distribution, Odds Ratio, Risk Assessment, Oocyte Donation, Pregnancy Rate, Reproductive Techniques, Assisted, Live Birth, Young Adult
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