Polymannuronic acid prevents dopaminergic neuronal loss via brain-gut-microbiota axis in Parkinson's disease model
Abstract
The study aims to investigate the potentially neuroprotective effects and underlying mechanisms for brown seaweed polysaccharide of polymannuronic acid (PM) against Parkinson's disease (PD) pathogenesis. PD model mice were pretreated with PM via oral gavage once per day for 4 weeks and the preventative effects of PM against neuronal loss together with its modulation on brain-gut-microbiota axis were systematically explored. The results showed PM administration improved motor functions by preventing dopaminergic neuronal loss in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) and enhanced contents of striatal homovanillic acid (HVA), serotonin (5-HT), 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid (5-HIAA) and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in PD mice. PM significantly alleviated inflammation in gut, brain and systemic circulation as shown by reduced levels or expressions of pro-inflammatory cytokines concurrently and inhibited mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) signaling pathway in mice colon. Meanwhile, PM greatly improved integrity of intestinal barrier and blood brain barrier (BBB) as indicated by increased expressions of tight junction associated proteins in both mice colon and SNpc. Further studies indicated PM treatment resulted in changes of gut microbial compositions, together with great alterations of digestion and metabolism of dietary proteins and fats, which led to surge increase of fecal short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in the colon of PD mice. In conclusion, pre-administration of PM could provide neuroprotective effects against PD pathogenesis by suppressing inflammation in gut, brain and systemic circulation, and by improving integrity of intestinal barrier and BBB. PM might modulate brain-gut-microbiota axis, at least in part, via gut microbiota derived SCFAs as mediators.
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Gut microbiota manipulation affects GABA levels, and probiotic Pediococcus pentosaceus and prebiotic polymannuronic acid reduce GABA levels in brains of MPTP-induced mice, ameliorating motor dysfunction and neuronal degeneration.
“The administration of probiotic Pediococcus pentosaceus and prebiotic polymannuronic acid has shown promise in alleviating gut dysbiosis and reducing GABA levels in the brains of MPTP-induced mice, resulting in the amelioration of motor dysfunction and neuronal degeneration.490,511”
From Microbiota–gut–brain axis and its therapeutic applications in neurodegenerative diseases (2024) · cites this paper as [490]
The content of 5-HT decreases in mouse models of Parkinson's disease.
“The content of 5-HT reportedly decreases in mouse models of PD [13,40].”
From Neuroprotective Effects of Sodium Butyrate by Restoring Gut Microbiota and Inhibiting TLR4 Signaling in Mice with MPTP-Induced Parkinson’s Disease (2023) · cites this paper as [40]
Polymannuronic acid improved motor functions, suppressed gut, brain, and systemic inflammation as well as improved integrity of both the intestinal and BBB in mice with Parkinson's disease symptoms.
“Similarly, Dong et al. [438] demonstrated that polymannuronic acid improved motor functions, suppressed gut, brain, and systemic inflammation as well as improved integrity of both the intestinal and BBB in mice with Parkinson's disease symptoms.”
From The Role of Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis in Neuropsychiatric and Neurological Disorders (2021) · cites this paper as [438]
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- Authors
- Dong, X.-L., Wang, X., Liu, F., Liu, X., Du, Z.-R., Li, R. W., Xue, C.-H., Wong, K.-H., Wong, W.-T., Zhao, Q., & Tang, Q.-J.
- Affiliations
- Hong Kong Polytechnic University (HK)
- Ocean University of China (CN)
- Agricultural Research Service (US)
- Corresponding author
- Tang, Qing-Juan
- Venue
- International Journal of Biological Macromolecules
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2020-12
- Volume
- 164
- Pages
- 994-1005
- ISSN
- 0141-8130 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3045265118
- Cited by
- 75
- References
- 68
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 21 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 6
- FWCI
- 3.35
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- International Journal of Biological Macromolecules (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Key Research and Development Program of China (2019YFC1604605)
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (81601110)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Keywords
- Parkinson's disease, brain-gut-microbiota axis, dopaminergic neuron loss, substantia nigra pars compacta, neuroprotection, short-chain fatty acids, gut microbiota, intestinal barrier, blood-brain barrier, tight junction proteins, inflammatory cytokines, MAPK signaling, motor function, brown seaweed polysaccharides, gut-brain axis
- MeSH terms
- Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Alginic Acid, RNA-Seq, Administration, Oral, Animals, Blood-Brain Barrier, Brain, Inflammation, Intestines, Male, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Parkinson Disease, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S, Neuroprotective Agents, Mice, Dopaminergic Neurons, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
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