Exopolysaccharides produced by Bifidobacterium longum IPLA E44 and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis IPLA R1 modify the composition and metabolic activity of human faecal microbiota in pH-controlled batch cultures
Abstract
Exopolysaccharides (EPS) isolated from two Bifidobacterium strains, one of human intestinal origin (Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum IPLA E44) and the other from dairy origin (Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis IPLA R1), were subjected to in vitro chemically simulated gastrointestinal digestion, which showed the absence of degradation of both polymers in these conditions. Polymers were then used as carbon sources in pH-controlled faecal batch cultures and compared with the non-prebiotic carbohydrate glucose and the prebiotic inulin to determine changes in the composition of faecal bacteria. A set of eight fluorescent in situ hybridisation oligonucleotide probes targeting 16S rRNA sequences was used to quantify specific groups of microorganisms. Growth of the opportunistic pathogen Clostridium histolyticum occurred with all carbohydrates tested similarly to that found in negative control cultures without added carbohydrate and was mainly attributed to the culture conditions used rather than enhancement of growth by these substrates. Polymers E44 and R1 stimulated growth of Lactobacillus/Enterococcus, Bifidobacterium, and Bacteroides/Prevotella in a similar way to that seen with inulin. The EPS R1 also promoted growth of the Atopobium cluster during the first 24h of fermentation. An increase in acetic and lactic acids was found during early stages of fermentation (first 10-24h) correlating with increases of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and Atopobium. Propionic acid concentrations increased in old cultures, which was coincident with the enrichment of Clostridium cluster IX in cultures with EPS R1 and with the increases in Bacteroides in cultures with both microbial EPS (R1 and E44) and inulin. The lowest acetic to propionic acid ratio was obtained for EPS E44. None of the carbohydrates tested supported the growth of microorganisms from Clostridium clusters XIVa+b and IV, results that correlate with the poor butyrate production in the presence of EPS. Thus, EPS synthesized by bifidobacteria from dairy and intestinal origins can modulate the intestinal microbiota in vitro, promoting changes in some numerically and metabolically relevant microbial populations and shifts in the production of short chain fatty acids.
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Bifidobacterial exopolysaccharides have been proven to be capable of modulating gut microbiota in in vitro fecal batch cultures and in vivo mice trials.
“Bifidobacterial molecules, such as the exopolysaccharides present in the outer cell-surface layer, have been proven to be capable of modulating gut microbiota in in vitro fecal batch cultures (55) and in vivo mice trials (56), thus providing a molecular basis for gut microbiota-bifidobacteria cross talk.”
From Bifidobacteria and Their Health-Promoting Effects (2017) · cites this paper as [55]
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- Authors
- Salazar, N., Ruas-Madiedo, P., Kolida, S., Collins, M., Rastall, R., Gibson, G., & de los Reyes-Gavilán, C. G.
- Affiliations
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (ES)
- University of Reading (GB)
- Venue
- International Journal of Food Microbiology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2009-11
- Volume
- 135
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 260-267
- ISSN
- 0168-1605 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2047133493
- Cited by
- 168
- References
- 42
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 15.36
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- International Journal of Food Microbiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- CentAUR (University of Reading) (submittedVersion)
- DIGITAL.CSIC (Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- European Commission
- Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Microbial Metabolites in Food Biotechnology
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Keywords
- exopolysaccharides, Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum, Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis, human faecal microbiota, prebiotic activity, inulin, in vitro digestion, Clostridium histolyticum, Atopobium, Bacteroides-Prevotella, short-chain fatty acids, butyrate production, Clostridium cluster IV
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Bacteria, Bifidobacterium, Carboxylic Acids, Culture Media, Dairy Products, Digestion, Fatty Acids, Volatile, Feces, Female, Fermentation, Glucose, Humans, Intestines, Inulin, Male, Polymers, Polysaccharides, Bacterial, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S, DNA Fingerprinting, Prebiotics
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