Cited by 285Probiotics and Fermented FoodsPolysaccharides Composition and ApplicationsGut microbiota and health

Interactions of Surface Exopolysaccharides from Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus within the Intestinal Environment

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Castro-Bravo, Nuria, Wells, Jerry M., Margolles, Abelardo, Ruas-Madiedo, Patricia·2018·Frontiers in Microbiology

Abstract

Exopolysaccharides (EPS) are surface carbohydrate polymers present in most bacteria acting as a protective surface layer but also interacting with the surrounding environment. This review discusses the roles of EPS synthesised by strains of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, many of them with probiotic characteristics, in the intestinal environment. Current knowledge on genetics and biosynthesis pathways of EPS in lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria, as well as the development of genetic tools, has created possibilities to elucidate the interplay between EPS and host intestinal mucosa. These include the microbiota that inhabits this ecological niche and the host cells. Several carbohydrate recognition receptors located in the intestinal epithelium could be involved in the interaction with bacterial EPS and modulation of immune response; however, little is known about the receptors recognizing EPS from lactobacilli or bifidobacteria and the triggered response. On the contrary, it has been clearly demonstrated that EPS play a relevant role in the persistence of the producing bacteria in the intestinal tract. Indeed, some authors postulate that some of the beneficial actions of EPS-producing probiotics could be related to the formation of a biofilm layer protecting the host against injury, for example by pathogens or their toxins. Nevertheless, the in vivo formation of biofilms by probiotics has not been proved to date. Finally, EPS produced by probiotic strains are also able to interact with the intestinal microbiota that populates the gut. In fact, some of these polymers can be used as carbohydrate fermentable source by some gut commensals thus being putatively involved in the release of bacterial metabolites that exert positive benefits for the host. In spite of the increasing knowledge about the role that these surface molecules play in the interaction of probiotic bacteria with the gut mucosal actors, both intestinal receptors and microbiota, the challenging issue is to demonstrate the functionality of EPS in vivo, which will open an avenue of opportunities for the application of EPS-producing probiotics to improve health.

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Crossref · 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02426

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  • HePS contain from three to eight repeating units made up of two or more monosaccharides and can present molecular modifications including acetylations, pyruvylations and phosphorylations.

    “HePS contain from three to eight repeating units made up of two or more monosaccharides (e.g., rhamnose, fructose, galactose or glucose); they can present some molecular modifications, including acetylations, pyruvylations and phosphorylations [10].”

    From Lactic Acid Bacteria Exopolysaccharides Producers: A Sustainable Tool for Functional Foods (2021) · cites this paper as [10]

    The “Genetics and synthesis of EPS” section says HePS have repeating units containing mainly glucose, galactose and rhamnose, and mentions N-acetylated sugars. It reports three to nine monomers per repeating unit, not three to eight repeating units; it does not identify fructose as a HePS component or report pyruvylation and phosphorylation. Page numbers are unavailable in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.88)

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Research works printed but not linked: 1

  1. Ruas-Madiedo P. Sánchez B. Hidalgo-Cantabrana C. Margolles A. Law A. (2012). Exopolysaccharides from lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria, in Handbook of Animal-Based Fermented Food and Beverage Technology, eds Hui Y. H. Evranuz E. O. (Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group), 125– 151.

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Authors
Castro-Bravo, N., Wells, J. M., Margolles, A., & Ruas-Madiedo, P.
Affiliations
  • Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (ES)
  • Wageningen University & Research (NL)
Venue
Frontiers in Microbiology
Published
2018-10-11
Volume
9
Pages
2426-2426
ISSN
1664-302X (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2897944860
Cited by
284
References
134
Citations by year
2026: 37 · 2025: 49 · 2024: 26 · 2023: 38 · 2022: 37 · 2021: 37 · 2020: 40 · 2019: 19
FWCI
2.52
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Frontiers in Microbiology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Socio-Environmental Systems Modeling (acceptedVersion, cc-by)
  • DIGITAL.CSIC (Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
  • Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Funders
Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad, Gobierno de España (AGL2015-64901-R)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Probiotics and Fermented Foods
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Polysaccharides Composition and Applications
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
Keywords
exopolysaccharides, Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, probiotics, intestinal mucosa, gut microbiota, biofilm formation, exopolysaccharide biosynthesis, host-microbe interactions, immunomodulation, lactic acid bacteria, gut commensals

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