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IL-22–producing “T22” T cells account for upregulated IL-22 in atopic dermatitis despite reduced IL-17–producing TH17 T cells
Open accessAbstract
Background Psoriasis and atopic dermatitis (AD) are common inflammatory skin diseases. An upregulated TH17/IL-23 pathway was demonstrated in psoriasis. Although potential involvement of TH17 T cells in AD was suggested during acute disease, the role of these cells in chronic AD remains unclear.Objective To examine differences in IL-23/TH17 signal between these diseases and establish relative frequencies of T-cell subsets in AD.Methods Skin biopsies and peripheral blood were collected from patients with chronic AD (n = 12) and psoriasis (n = 13). Relative frequencies of CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell subsets within these 2 compartments were examined by intracellular cytokine staining and flow cytometry.Results In peripheral blood, no significant difference was found in percentages of different T-cell subsets between these diseases. In contrast, psoriatic skin had significantly increased frequencies of TH1 and TH17 T cells compared with AD, whereas TH2 T cells were significantly elevated in AD. Distinct IL-22-producing CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell populations were significantly increased in AD skin compared with psoriasis. IL-22+CD8+ T-cell frequency correlated with AD disease severity.Conclusion Our data established that T cells could independently express IL-22 even with low expression levels of IL-17. This argues for a functional specialization of T cells such that "T17" and "T22" T-cells may drive different features of epidermal pathology in inflammatory skin diseases, including induction of antimicrobial peptides for "T17" T cells and epidermal hyperplasia for "T22" T-cells. Given the clinical correlation with disease severity, further characterization of "T22" T cells is warranted, and may have future therapeutic implications.
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“Circulating IL-22 correlates with the severity of AD and appears as a key driver in the inflammatory reaction116,119.”
From Atopic dermatitis: an expanding therapeutic pipeline for a complex disease (2022) · cites this paper as [116]
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“IL-22 is an important part of the transcriptomic signature in AD116,117.”
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“Determining the relative contribution of CD1a and MHC antigen presenting molecules in T H 22 cell activation will be important for understanding and intervening in skin immunopathology caused by IL-22 in psoriasis and other skin diseases 46, 49 .”
InfluentialWitte, E., Witte, K., Warszawska, K., Sabat, R., & Wolk, K. (2010) · Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.cytogfr.2010.08.002 · Cited by 243
“Actually, the expression of IL-22 in atopic skin was even slightly higher when compared to lesional psoriatic skin, which may rely on the observation that the majority of IL-22-producing cells in atopic skin are Th22 cells, whereas in psoriatic skin there is a shift to a rather equal presence of IL-22-producing Th22,…”
ResultMutual Antagonism of T Cells Causing Psoriasis and Atopic Eczema
Eyerich, S., Onken, A. T., Weidinger, S., Franke, A., Nasorri, F., Pennino, D., Grosber, M., Pfab, F., Schmidt‐Weber, C. B., Mempel, M., et al. (2011) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1104200 · Cited by 233
Tape strips detect distinct immune and barrier profiles in atopic dermatitis and psoriasis
He, H., Bissonnette, R., Wu, J., Diaz, A., Proulx, É. S., Maari, C., Jack, C. S., Louis, M., Estrada, Y. D., Krueger, J. G., et al. (2020) · Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2020.05.048 · Cited by 237
Self-citationCzarnowicki, T., Gonzalez, J., Shemer, A., Malajian, D., Xu, H., Zheng, X., Khattri, S., Gilleaudeau, P., Sullivan-Whalen, M. M., Suárez‐Fariñas, M., et al. (2015) · Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2015.01.020 · Cited by 226
Self-citationEsaki, H., Ewald, D. A., Ungar, B., Rozenblit, M., Zheng, X., Xu, H., Estrada, Y. D., Peng, X., Mitsui, H., Litman, T., et al. (2015) · Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2014.10.037 · Cited by 220
“However, in bulk genomic profiling we could not determine which compartments are responsible for individual gene expression or locate their cellular sources.(4,12,27) Furthermore, because of a dilution effect in bulk tissues, which are composed of functionally heterogeneous cells, many genes linked to AD pathogenesis…”
BackgroundSelf-citationTintle, S. J., Shemer, A., Suárez‐Fariñas, M., Fujita, H., Gilleaudeau, P., Sullivan-Whalen, M. M., Johnson-Huang, L. M., Chiricozzi, A., Cardinale, I. R., Duan, S., et al. (2011) · Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2011.05.042 · Cited by 224
Self-citationTsoi, L. C., Rodríguez, E., Stölzl, D., Wehkamp, U., Sun, J., Gerdes, S., Sarkar, M. K., Hübenthal, M., Zeng, C., Uppala, R., et al. (2019) · Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2019.11.047 · Cited by 226
The Role of Helper T Cells in Psoriasis
Hu, P., Wang, M., Gao, H., Zheng, A., Li, J., Mu, D., & Tong, J. (2021) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2021.788940 · Cited by 216
“discovered a new subtype of T cells by analyzing the T cell subsets in skin biopsies and peripheral blood collected from psoriatic patients by intracellular cytokine staining and flow cytometry, and these cells were called Th22 cells (43).”
BackgroundEfficacy and safety of ustekinumab treatment in adults with moderate‐to‐severe atopic dermatitis
Khattri, S., Brunner, P. M., Garcet, S., Finney, R., Cohen, S. R., Oliva, M., Dutt, R., Fuentes‐Duculan, J., Zheng, X., Li, X., et al. (2016) · Experimental Dermatology · doi:10.1111/exd.13112 · Cited by 213
“Recent data suggest that AD is primarily immune-driven, like psoriasis, showing dense cellular infiltrates (1) and over-expression of certain cytokines in skin lesions (2).”
BackgroundSelf-citationInterleukin-12: Functional activities and implications for disease
Zundler, S., & Neurath, M. F. (2015) · Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.cytogfr.2015.07.003 · Cited by 225
Keratinocytes: innate immune cells in atopic dermatitis
Chieosilapatham, P., Kiatsurayanon, C., Umehara, Y., Trujillo-Paez, J. V., Peng, G., Yue, H., Nguyen, L. T. H., & Niyonsaba, F. (2021) · Clinical and Experimental Immunology · doi:10.1111/cei.13575 · Cited by 217
Czarnowicki, T., Esaki, H., Gonzalez, J., Malajian, D., Shemer, A., Noda, S., Talasila, S., Berry, A., Gray, J., Becker, L., et al. (2015) · Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2015.05.049 · Cited by 211
Self-citationThe Role of Th17-Related Cytokines in Atopic Dermatitis
Sugaya, M. (2020) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms21041314 · Cited by 204
“When examining skin samples from AD, psoriasis, and healthy controls, IL-17 expression level was increased in AD skin compared to normal skin, although it was much lower than that in psoriasis skin [18].”
BackgroundCytokines IL-17 and IL-22 in the host response to infection
Valeri, M., & Raffatellu, M. (2016) · Pathogens and Disease · doi:10.1093/femspd/ftw111 · Cited by 202
“CD4+, CCR4+, CCR6+, CCR10+ Human Eyerich et al. (2009); Trifari et al. (2009) Tc22 IL-22 Unknown CD4+, CD8+, IL-21R+ Human Nograles et al. (2009) Tc17 IL-17 Unknown CD8+, CD45RB+, CD38+, CD103+, CCR6+ Mouse Yen et al. (2009) γ δ cells IL-17, IL-22 AP1 CD27−, CD28−, NKP80+, CD45RA+, CD158+ Human and mouse Peng et al. (…”
BackgroundInfluentialBrunner, P. M., Pavel, A. B., Khattri, S., Leonard, A., Malik, K., Rose, S., On, S. C. J., Vekaria, A. S., Traidl‐Hoffmann, C., Singer, G., et al. (2018) · Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2018.07.028 · Cited by 204
“The fact that treatment effects were restricted to patients with high IL-22 baseline expression underscores disease heterogeneity,5,66,67 which perhaps necessitates different therapeutic approaches in different patient subsets59-61,63,68 or use of broader inhibitors, such as Janus kinase antagonists,69 to achieve comp…”
InfluentialSelf-citationT cell pathology in skin inflammation
Sabat, R., Wolk, K., Loyal, L., Döcke, W., & Ghoreschi, K. (2019) · Seminars in Immunopathology · doi:10.1007/s00281-019-00742-7 · Cited by 207
“At the chronic disease stage, the T22 mediator IL-22 is also of relevance [84, 85].”
BackgroundRebane, A., Runnel, T., Aab, A., Maslovskaja, J., Rückert, B., Zimmermann, M., Plaas, M., Kärner, J., Treis, A., Pihlap, M., et al. (2014) · Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2014.05.022 · Cited by 200
Dual Role of IL-22 in Allergic Airway Inflammation and its Cross-talk with IL-17A
Besnard, A., Sabat, R., Dumoutier, L., Renauld, J., Willart, M. A. M., Lambrecht, B. N., Teixeira, M. M., Charron, S., Fick, L., Erard, F., et al. (2011) · American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1164/rccm.201008-1383oc · Cited by 212
New Insights in the Immunologic Basis of Psoriasis
Nograles, K. E., Davidovici, B. B., & Krueger, J. G. (2010) · Seminars in Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.sder.2010.03.001 · Cited by 200
Self-citationThe role of IL-22 and Th22 cells in human skin diseases
Fujita, H. (2013) · Journal of Dermatological Science · doi:10.1016/j.jdermsci.2013.04.028 · Cited by 197
“It is also of particular interest that the number of CD8 T cells producing IL-22 correlated with disease activity score of AD (scoring atopic dermatitis; SCORAD), and the vast majority of the IL-22-producing CD8 T cells are unique Tc22 cells that do not produce IFN-g, IL-4, or IL-17 [20].”
BackgroundInfluentialAkdiş, M., Palomares, Ó., van de Veen, W., van Splunter, M. E., & Akdiş, C. A. (2012) · Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2012.05.003 · Cited by 201
Ramirez, J., Brembilla, N. C., Sorg, O., Chicheportiche, R., Matthes, T., Dayer, J., Saurat, J. ‐., Roosnek, E. E., & Chizzolini, C. (2010) · European Journal of Immunology · doi:10.1002/eji.201040461 · Cited by 200
Human skin dendritic cells in health and disease
Haniffa, M., Gunawan, M., & Jardine, L. (2015) · Journal of Dermatological Science · doi:10.1016/j.jdermsci.2014.08.012 · Cited by 187
“cytokines also feature in AD lesions, and their production can be stimulated by pDCs [83,84].”
BackgroundThe interplay between genetic and environmental factors in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis
Otsuka, A., Nomura, T., Rerknimitr, P., Seidel, J. A., Honda, T., & Kabashima, K. (2017) · Immunological Reviews · doi:10.1111/imr.12545 · Cited by 188
Gomez‐Lopez, N., Galaz, J., Miller, D., Farías, M., Liu, Z., Arenas‐Hernandez, M., Garcia‐Flores, V., Shaffer, Z., Greenberg, J. M., Theis, K. R., et al. (2022) · Reproduction · doi:10.1530/rep-22-0046 · Cited by 194
Khattri, S., Shemer, A., Rozenblit, M., Dhingra, N., Czarnowicki, T., Finney, R., Gilleaudeau, P., Sullivan-Whalen, M. M., Zheng, X., Xu, H., et al. (2014) · Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2014.03.003 · Cited by 181
“IL-22 has been linked to many aspects of epidermal pathology in patients with AD, including inhibition of epidermal differentiation, induction of hyperplasia, and upregulation of S100s, and has been strongly correlated with disease activity.(33,40,46) IL-4 and IL-13 have been reported to inhibit differentiation, produ…”
Self-citationBiedermann, T., Skabytska, Y., Kaesler, S., & Volz, T. (2015) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2015.00353 · Cited by 183
“Accumulation of Th22 cells was demonstrated in acute and chronic lesions of AD (36, 37) as were IL-22-producing CD8+ T cells (33, 36).”
BackgroundCzarnowicki, T., Krueger, J. G., & Guttman‐Yassky, E. (2014) · The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology In Practice · doi:10.1016/j.jaip.2014.03.006 · Cited by 184
Self-citationTruchetet, M., Brembilla, N. C., Montanari, E., Allanore, Y., & Chizzolini, C. (2011) · Arthritis Research & Therapy · doi:10.1186/ar3486 · Cited by 180
“For instance, the frequency of IL-22+ T cells in skin derived T-cell lines from psoriasis, atopic eczema and allergic contact dermatitis was significantly higher than in the peripheral blood [17,37-39].”
BackgroundSonnenberg, G. F., Fouser, L. A., & Artis, D. (2010) · Advances in immunology · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-381300-8.00001-0 · Cited by 180
IL-22 Induces an Acute-Phase Response
Liang, S. C., Nickerson‐Nutter, C. L., Pittman, D. D., Carrier, Y., Goodwin, D. G., Shields, K. M., Lambert, A.-J., Schelling, S. H., Medley, Q. G., Ma, H., et al. (2010) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.0904091 · Cited by 175
Th17 Cells and Activated Dendritic Cells Are Increased in Vitiligo Lesions
Wang, C. Q. F., Cruz‐Inigo, A. E., Fuentes‐Duculan, J., Moussai, D., Gulati, N., Sullivan-Whalen, M. M., Gilleaudeau, P., Cohen, J. A., & Krueger, J. G. (2011) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0018907 · Cited by 169
“In the skin, for instance, psoriasis contains a prominent Th17 population [19,22], but atopic dermatitis has a very minimal Th17 component [48].”
BackgroundSelf-citationGutowska-Owsiak, D., Schaupp, A. L., Salimi, M., Taylor, S., & Ogg, G. S. (2011) · British Journal of Dermatology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2133.2011.10400.x · Cited by 168
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Self-citationInnate and adaptive immune responses against Staphylococcus aureus skin infections
Krishna, S. M., & Miller, L. S. (2011) · Seminars in Immunopathology · doi:10.1007/s00281-011-0292-6 · Cited by 168
Immunologic, microbial, and epithelial interactions in atopic dermatitis
Brunner, P. M., Leung, D. Y. M., & Guttman‐Yassky, E. (2017) · Annals of Allergy Asthma & Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.anai.2017.09.055 · Cited by 166
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Nograles, K. E., Zaba, L. C., Shemer, A., Fuentes-Duculan, J., Cardinale, I., Kikuchi, T., Ramon, M., Bergman, R., Krueger, J. G., & Guttman-Yassky, E.
- Affiliations
- Rockefeller University (US)
- Technion – Israel Institute of Technology (IL)
- Venue
- Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2009-06
- Volume
- 123
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1244-1252.e2
- ISSN
- 0091-6749 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC2874584
- OpenAlex
- W2164098277
- Cited by
- 627
- References
- 30
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 21 · 2023: 23 · 2022: 28 · 2021: 39 · 2020: 39 · 2019: 28 · 2018: 25 · 2017: 49 · 2016: 49 · 2015: 51 · 2014: 52 · 2013: 34 · 2012: 47
- FWCI
- 65.54
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences (GM 07739, T32GM007739)
- National Center for Research Resources (UL1RR024143)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Dermatology › Dermatology and Skin Diseases
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Psoriasis: Treatment and Pathogenesis
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Keywords
- atopic dermatitis, IL-22, IL-17, Th17 cells, Th2 cells, Th1 cells, IL-23, psoriasis, CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, disease severity, epidermal hyperplasia, antimicrobial peptides, skin inflammation
- MeSH terms
- Interleukin-22, Adult, Chronic Disease, Dermatitis, Atopic, T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer, Humans, Interleukins, Middle Aged, Psoriasis, T-Lymphocyte Subsets, Interleukin-17, Interleukin-23
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