The Worry Behaviors Inventory: Assessing the behavioral avoidance associated with generalized anxiety disorder
Open accessAbstract
Background Understanding behavioral avoidance associated with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) has implications for the classification, theoretical conceptualization, and clinical management of the disorder. This study describes the development and preliminary psychometric evaluation of a self-report measure of avoidant behaviors associated with GAD: the Worry Behaviors Inventory (WBI). Methods The WBI was administered to treatment-seeking patients (N=1201). Convergent validity was assessed by correlating the WBI with measures of GAD symptom severity. Divergent validity was assessed by correlating the WBI with measures of general disability and measures of depression, social anxiety and panic disorder symptom severity. Results Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses supported a two-factor structure (Safety Behaviors and Avoidance). Internal reliability was acceptable for the 10-item WBI scale (α=.86), Safety Behaviors (α=.85) and Avoidance subscales (α=.75). Evidence of convergent, divergent, and discriminant validity is reported. WBI subscales demonstrated differential associations with measures of symptom severity. The Safety Behaviors subscale was more strongly associated with GAD symptoms than symptoms of other disorders, whereas the Avoidance subscale was as strongly correlated with GAD severity as it was with depression, social anxiety and panic disorder severity. Limitations Structured diagnostic interviews were not conducted therefor validity analyses are limited to probable diagnoses based on self-report. The cross-sectional design precluded examination of the WBI's temporal stability and treatment sensitivity. Conclusions Preliminary evidence supports the use of the WBI in research and clinical settings and may assist clinicians to identify behaviors that are theorized to maintain GAD and that can be targeted during psychological treatment.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In clinical samples, evidence of the WBI's internal consistency, temporal stability, and construct validity has been reported.
“In clinical samples, evidence of the measure's internal consistency, temporal stability, and construct validity has been reported (Mahoney et al., 2016; Mahoney et al., 2018a).”
From The Mediating Relationship between Maladaptive Behaviours, Cognitive Factors, and Generalised Anxiety Disorder Symptoms (2018) · cites this paper as Mahoney et al., 2016
Section 3.4 reports satisfactory internal consistency, and section 3.5 reports correlations supporting the WBI’s construct validity in a clinical sample. However, section 4.1 explicitly says the cross-sectional design meant temporal stability was not assessed. That part of the claim is not supported by this 2016 paper. (LLM, conf=0.92)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe Worry Behaviours Inventory (WBI) is a brief index of clinically meaningful, maladaptive behaviours associated with GAD symptom severity.
“The Worry Behaviours Inventory (WBI) is a brief index of clinically meaningful, maladaptive behaviours that are associated with GAD symptom severity.”
From The Mediating Relationship between Maladaptive Behaviours, Cognitive Factors, and Generalised Anxiety Disorder Symptoms (2018) · cites this paper as Mahoney et al., 2016
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (1983) · Cited by 79,888 · see citing works
The PHQ-9: Validity of a brief depression severity measure
Kroenke, K., Spitzer, R. L., & Williams, J. B. W. (2001) · Journal of General Internal Medicine · doi:10.1046/j.1525-1497.2001.016009606.x · Cited by 44,910 · see citing works
(1998) · Cited by 36,049 · see citing works
A Brief Measure for Assessing Generalized Anxiety Disorder: The GAD-7
Spitzer, R. L., Kroenke, K., Williams, J. B. W., & Löwe, B. (2006) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinte.166.10.1092 · Cited by 31,765 · see citing works
Alternative Ways of Assessing Model Fit
Browne, M. W., & Cudeck, R. (1992) · Sociological Methods & Research · doi:10.1177/0049124192021002005 · Cited by 27,200 · see citing works
Testing Structural Equation Models.
Mueller, C. W., Bollen, K. A., & Long, J. S. (1994) · Contemporary Sociology A Journal of Reviews · doi:10.2307/2074955 · Cited by 14,211 · see citing works
Hu, L.-T., & Bentler, P. M. (1998) · Psychological Methods · doi:10.1037/1082-989x.3.4.424 · Cited by 12,298 · see citing works
Kessler, R. C., Chiu, W. T., Demler, O., & Walters, E. E. (2005) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.62.6.617 · Cited by 12,052 · see citing works
Power analysis and determination of sample size for covariance structure modeling.
MacCallum, R. C., Browne, M. W., & Sugawara, H. M. (1996) · Psychological Methods · doi:10.1037/1082-989x.1.2.130 · Cited by 10,418 · see citing works
Development and validation of the Penn State Worry Questionnaire
Meyer, T. J., Miller, M. L., Metzger, R. L., & Borkovec, T. D. (1990) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/0005-7967(90)90135-6 · Cited by 5,099 · see citing works
Tests for comparing elements of a correlation matrix
Steiger, J. H. (1980) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.87.2.245 · Cited by 4,621 · see citing works
Löwe, B., Decker, O., Müller, S., Brähler, E., Schellberg, D., Herzog, W., & Herzberg, P. Y. (2008) · Medical Care · doi:10.1097/mlr.0b013e318160d093 · Cited by 4,527 · see citing works
Alternative ways of assessing model fit
Browne, M. (1993) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 2,595 · see citing works
cocor: A Comprehensive Solution for the Statistical Comparison of Correlations
Diedenhofen, B., & Musch, J. (2015) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0121945 · Cited by 1,919 · see citing works
(2010) · Virtual Defense Library (Ministerio de Defensa) · Cited by 1,530 · see citing works
Generalized anxiety disorder: advances in research and practice
(2005) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.42-3716 · Cited by 1,073 · see citing works
Generalized anxiety disorder: A preliminary test of a conceptual model
Dugas, M. J., Gagnon, F., Ladouceur, R., & Freeston, M. H. (1998) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/s0005-7967(97)00070-3 · Cited by 1,072 · see citing works
Multicenter Collaborative Panic Disorder Severity Scale
Shear, M. K., Brown, T. A., Barlow, D. H., Money, R., Sholomskas, D. E., Woods, S. W., Gorman, J. M., & Papp, L. A. (1997) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.154.11.1571 · Cited by 1,001 · see citing works
Meta-Cognition and worry: A cognitive model of generalized anxiety disorder
Wells, A. (1995) · Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy · doi:10.1017/s1352465800015897 · Cited by 866 · see citing works
(2004) · Cited by 863 · see citing works
Psychometric properties of the Penn State Worry Questionnaire in a clinical anxiety disorders sample
Brown, T. A., Antony, M. M., & Barlow, D. H. (1992) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/0005-7967(92)90093-v · Cited by 812 · see citing works
Wells, A., & Davies, M. I. (1994) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/0005-7967(94)90168-6 · Cited by 640 · see citing works
Newman, M. G., & Llera, S. J. (2011) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2011.01.008 · Cited by 598 · see citing works
Intolerance of uncertainty and worry: investigating specificity in a nonclinical sample
Dugas, M. J., Gosselin, P., & Ladouceur, R. (2001) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1023/a:1005553414688 · Cited by 538 · see citing works
Mini-SPIN: A brief screening assessment for generalized social anxiety disorder
Connor, K. M., Kobak, K. A., Churchill, L. E., Katzelnick, D., & Davidson, J. R. T. (2001) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.1055 · Cited by 537 · see citing works
Diagnostic accuracy of the mood module of the patient health questionnaire: a systematic review
Wittkampf, K. A., Naeije, L., Schene, A. H., Huyser, J., & van Weert, H. C. (2007) · General Hospital Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2007.06.004 · Cited by 493 · see citing works
McEvoy, P. M., Watson, H., Watkins, E. R., & Nathan, P. (2013) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2013.06.014 · Cited by 492 · see citing works
Validation of the PHQ-9 in a psychiatric sample
Beard, C., Hsu, K. J., Rifkin, L. S., Busch, A. B., & Björgvinsson, T. (2016) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2015.12.075 · Cited by 467 · see citing works
Avoidance and depression: the construction of the Cognitive–Behavioral Avoidance Scale
Ottenbreit, N. D., & Dobson, K. S. (2004) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/s0005-7967(03)00140-2 · Cited by 457 · see citing works
Comorbidity among anxiety disorders: Implications for treatment and DSM-IV.
Brown, T. A., & Barlow, D. H. (1992) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-006x.60.6.835 · Cited by 447 · see citing works
Normative data for the 12 item WHO Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0
Andrews, G., Kemp, A., Sunderland, M., Von Korff, M., & Ustun, T. B. (2009) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0008343 · Cited by 437 · see citing works
Self-citationReliability of the self-report version of the panic disorder severity scale
Houck, P. R., Spiegel, D. A., Shear, M. K., & Rucci, P. (2002) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.10049 · Cited by 406 · see citing works
Wells, A., & Carter, K. (2001) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/s0005-7894(01)80045-9 · Cited by 373 · see citing works
Reliability and validity of the Panic Disorder Severity Scale: replication and extension
Shear, M. K., Rucci, P., Williams, J., Frank, E., Grochocinski, V., Vander Bilt, J., Houck, P., & Wang, T. (2001) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/s0022-3956(01)00028-0 · Cited by 360 · see citing works
Carter, R., Wittchen, H., Pfister, H., & Kessler, R. (2001) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.1020 · Cited by 345 · see citing works
Detached Mindfulness In Cognitive Therapy: A Metacognitive Analysis And Ten Techniques
Wells, A. (2005) · Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1007/s10942-005-0018-6 · Cited by 291 · see citing works
Rehm, J., Üstün, T. B., Saxena, S., Nelson, C. B., Chatterji, S., Ivis, F., & Adlaf, E. (1999) · International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1002/mpr.61 · Cited by 287 · see citing works
Muris, P., Merckelbach, H., & Horselenberg, R. (1996) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/0005-7967(96)00005-8 · Cited by 281 · see citing works
Generalized worry disorder: a review of DSM-IV generalized anxiety disorder and options for DSM-V
Andrews, G., Hobbs, M. J., Borkovec, T. D., Beesdo, K., Craske, M. G., Heimberg, R. G., Rapee, R. M., Ruscio, A. M., & Stanley, M. A. (2010) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.20658 · Cited by 273 · see citing works
Self-citationA catastrophizing assessment of worrisome thoughts
Vasey, M. W., & Borkovec, T. D. (1992) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/bf01175138 · Cited by 225 · see citing works
Psychiatric comorbidity in patients with generalized anxiety disorder
Brawman‐Mintzer, O., Lydiard, R. B., Emmanuel, N. P., Payeur, R., Johnson, M. J., Roberts, J., Jarrell, M. P., & Ballenger, J. C. (1993) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.150.8.1216 · Cited by 201 · see citing works
Cuming, S., Rapee, R. M., Kemp, N., Abbott, M. J., Peters, L., & Gaston, J. E. (2009) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2009.05.002 · Cited by 194 · see citing works
Goldberg, D. P., Krueger, R. F., Andrews, G., & Hobbs, M. J. (2009) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291709990298 · Cited by 184 · see citing works
Self-citationThe Cognitive Avoidance Questionnaire: Validation of the English translation
Sexton, K. A., & Dugas, M. J. (2008) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2007.04.005 · Cited by 183 · see citing works
Rumination, Worry, Cognitive Avoidance, and Behavioral Avoidance: Examination of Temporal Effects
Dickson, K. S., Ciesla, J. A., & Reilly, L. C. (2012) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.beth.2011.11.002 · Cited by 173 · see citing works
HUNT, C., ISSAKIDIS, C., & ANDREWS, G. (2002) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291702005512 · Cited by 171 · see citing works
Self-citationBeesdo-Baum, K., Jenjahn, E., Höfler, M., Lueken, U., Becker, E. S., & Hoyer, J. (2012) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.21955 · Cited by 148 · see citing works
Comparing the BDI-II and the PHQ-9 with outpatient substance abusers
Dum, M., Pickren, J., Sobell, L. C., & Sobell, M. B. (2007) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2007.09.017 · Cited by 141 · see citing works
Cougle, J. R., Fitch, K. E., Fincham, F. D., Riccardi, C. J., Keough, M. E., & Timpano, K. R. (2011) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2011.10.001 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Weeks, J. W., Spokas, M. E., & Heimberg, R. G. (2007) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.20250 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Olatunji, B. O., Broman-Fulks, J. J., Bergman, S. M., Green, B. A., & Zlomke, K. R. (2010) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.beth.2009.03.001 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Patterns of Reassurance Seeking and Reassurance-Related Behaviours in OCD and Anxiety Disorders
Kobori, O., & Salkovskis, P. M. (2012) · Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy · doi:10.1017/s1352465812000665 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Robichaud, M. (2013) · Cognitive and Behavioral Practice · doi:10.1016/j.cbpra.2012.09.001 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Andrews, G., & Williams, A. D. (2015) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2014.05.006 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Self-citationAssessing excessive reassurance seeking in the anxiety disorders
Rector, N. A., Kamkar, K., Cassin, S. E., Ayearst, L. E., & Laposa, J. M. (2011) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2011.05.003 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Worry and obsessional symptoms: A correlational analysis
Tallis, F., & de Silva, P. (1992) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/0005-7967(92)90132-z · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Thought Control Strategies in Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Coles, M. E., & Heimberg, R. G. (2005) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-005-1647-x · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Compulsive checking behaviors in generalized anxiety disorder
Schut, A. J., Castonguay, L. G., & Borkovec, T. D. (2001) · Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1002/jclp.1043 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Speckens, A. E. M., Spinhoven, P., van Hemert, A. M., & Bolk, J. H. (2000) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291799002378 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Coleman, S. L., Pieterefesa, A. S., Holaway, R. M., Coles, M. E., & Heimberg, R. G. (2010) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2010.09.014 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Hepner, K. A., Hunter, S. B., Edelen, M. O., Zhou, A. J., & Watkins, K. E. (2009) · Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment · doi:10.1016/j.jsat.2009.03.005 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Anxiety management: Developing effective strategies
Butler, G., Gelder, M., Hibbert, G., Cullington, A., & Klimes, I. (1987) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/0005-7967(87)90059-3 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Starčević, V., Portman, M. E., & Beck, A. T. (2012) · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/nmd.0b013e318263f947 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Compulsive Behavior in Generalized Anxiety Disorder and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Townsend, M. H., Weissbecker, K., Barbee, J. G., Peña, J. M., Snider, L. M., Tynes, L. L., Tynes, S. F., Boudoin, C., Green-Leibovitz, M. I., & Winstead, D. K. (1999) · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/00005053-199911000-00009 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Perris, C. (1999) · Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy · doi:10.1002/(sici)1099-0879(199910)6:4 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Treatment of generalized anxiety disorder
(2016) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med:psych/9780198758846.001.0001 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Hobbs, M. J., Anderson, T. M., Slade, T. N., & Andrews, G. (2014) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2013.12.041 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Self-citationA metacognitive model and therapy for generalized anxiety disorder
Wells, A. (1999) · Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy · doi:10.1002/(sici)1099-0879(199905)6:2
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Kroenke, K., Spitzer, R., Williams, J.B., Löwe, B. (2010). The Patient Health Questionnaire Somatic, Anxiety, and Depressive Symptom Scales: a systematic review. Gen. Hosp. Psychiatr, 32, 345-359.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Zheng, D., Luo, Q., & Ritchie, B. W. (2020) · Tourism Management · doi:10.1016/j.tourman.2020.104261 · Cited by 760 · see citing works
Intolerance of uncertainty as a vulnerability factor for excessive and inflexible avoidance behavior
Flores, A., López, F. J., Vervliet, B., & Cobos, P. L. (2018) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2018.02.008 · Cited by 155 · see citing works
Zheng, D., Luo, Q., & Ritchie, B. W. (2021) · Journal of Travel Research · doi:10.1177/0047287521995562 · Cited by 143 · see citing works
Newby, J. M., Smith, J., Uppal, S., Mason, E., Mahoney, A. E. J., & Andrews, G. (2018) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/ccp0000248 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
“…a novel English-language iCBT program for health anxiety and demonstrated feasibility and preliminary effectiveness in a small pilot trial (Newby et al., 2016).1 Our iCBT program differs to Hedman et al.’s (2016) exposure-based iCBT program, by combining exposure with cognitive therapy…”
BackgroundSelf-citationThe Development of Preliminary HiTOP Internalizing Spectrum Scales
Watson, D., Forbes, M. K., Levin-Aspenson, H. F., Ruggero, C. J., Kotelnikova, Y., Khoo, S., Bagby, R. M., Sunderland, M., Patalay, P., & Kotov, R. (2021) · Assessment · doi:10.1177/10731911211003976 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Self-citationMatteo, D. D., Fotinos, K., Lokuge, S., Mason, G. E., Sternat, T., Katzman, M. A., & Rose, J. (2021) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/28918 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Lauriola, M., Mosca, O., Trentini, C., Foschi, R., Tambelli, R., & Carleton, R. N. (2018) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00388 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Gajić, T., Minasyan, L., Petrović, M. D., Bakhtin, V. A., Kaneeva, A. V., & Wiegel, N. L. (2023) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su152115297 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Agag, G., Abdelmoety, Z. H. S., & Eid, R. (2023) · Journal of Travel Research · doi:10.1177/00472875231182110 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Toward Linguistic Recognition of Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Rook, L., Mazza, M. C., Lefter, I., & Brazier, F. M. T. (2022) · Frontiers in Digital Health · doi:10.3389/fdgth.2022.779039 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Mahoney, A., Hobbs, M. J., Newby, J. M., Williams, A. D., & Andrews, G. (2018) · Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy · doi:10.1017/s1352465818000127 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Self-citationLi, S. H., Denson, T. F., & Graham, B. M. (2020) · Clinical Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/2167702620929635 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Mahoney, A., Hobbs, M. J., Newby, J. M., Williams, A. D., & Andrews, G. (2017) · Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy · doi:10.1017/s1352465817000455 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Self-citationMalivoire, B. L., Marcos, M., Pawluk, E., Tallon, K., Kusec, A., & Koerner, N. (2018) · Cognitive Behaviour Therapy · doi:10.1080/16506073.2018.1508247 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Self-Report Scales for Common Mental Disorders
Sunderland, M., Batterham, P. J., Calear, A. L., & Carragher, N. (2019) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108235433.019 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Self-citationAziz, M. O., Mehrinejad, S. A., Hashemian, K., & Paivastegar, M. (2020) · Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice · doi:10.1016/j.ctcp.2020.101122 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Newby, J. M., Mahoney, A. E. J., Mason, E. C., Smith, J., Uppal, S., & Andrews, G. (2016) · Internet Interventions · doi:10.1016/j.invent.2016.09.007 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Self-citationFor-Profit Higher Education Sees Booming Enrollments and Revenues.
Strosnider, K. (1998) · The chronicle of higher education · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Green, S. M., Donegan, E., McCabe, R. E., Streiner, D. L., Furtado, M., Noble, L., Agako, A., & Frey, B. N. (2020) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.beth.2020.11.004 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Mahoney, A. E. J., Hobbs, M. J., Williams, A. D., Andrews, G., & Newby, J. M. (2018) · Behaviour Change · doi:10.1017/bec.2018.13 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Self-citationBerg, H. E., Akeman, E., McDermott, T. J., Cosgrove, K. T., Kirlić, N., Clausen, A. N., Cannon, M., Yeh, H., White, E. J., Thompson, W. K., et al. (2023) · Journal of Mood and Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.xjmad.2023.100004 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Mahoney, A., Newby, J. M., Hobbs, M. J., Williams, A. D., & Andrews, G. (2017) · Internet Interventions · doi:10.1016/j.invent.2017.11.004 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Self-citationThe Contribution of Worry Behaviors to the Diagnosis of Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Brown, T. A., & Tung, E. S. (2018) · Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment · doi:10.1007/s10862-018-9683-5 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Derailment within the landscape of psychopathology
Ratner, K., & Burrow, A. L. (2021) · Current Opinion in Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.copsyc.2021.01.009 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Jannini, T. B., Mordacchini, I., Rossi, R., Socci, V., & Lorenzo, G. D. (2024) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-024-06517-0 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Tay, G. W. N., Tong, M. M., Yap, J. Y. G., Mak, H. K., Goh, Y. S., & Ho, C. S. H. (2025) · Medical Education Online · doi:10.1080/10872981.2025.2542809 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Yıldırım, J. C., & Bahtiyar, B. (2022) · The Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1080/00223980.2022.2107977 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Predictors of health anxiety in cancer patients' loved ones: A controlled comparison
Lorimer, S., Sansom‐Daly, U. M., Stech, E. P., & Newby, J. M. (2020) · Psycho-Oncology · doi:10.1002/pon.5517 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Self-citationAhuvia, I. L., & Link, B. G. (2025) · Clinical Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/21677026251338829 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Inness, B. E., McCabe, R. E., & Green, S. M. (2022) · Psychology and Psychotherapy Theory Research and Practice · doi:10.1111/papt.12410 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Development and psychometric properties of the Health Anxiety Behavior Inventory (HABI)
Hedman‐Lagerlöf, E., Björkander, D., Andersson, E., & Axelsson, E. (2024) · Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy · doi:10.1017/s1352465824000377 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Marcotte-Beaumier, G., Malivoire, B. L., Koerner, N., & Ovanessian, M. M. (2021) · Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment · doi:10.1007/s10862-021-09929-5 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Diverse Aspects of Worry among Younger and Older Adults: A Multifaceted Approach
Granier, K. L., & Segal, D. L. (2021) · Psychology · doi:10.4236/psych.2021.123028 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Eftekari, A., & Bakhtiari, M. (2022) · Practice in Clinical Psychology · doi:10.32598/jpcp.10.1.593.1 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Psychometric Evaluation of a Measure of Posttraumatic Safety Behaviors
Foulser, A. A., Rubin, M., & Telch, M. J. (2024) · Cognitive and Behavioral Practice · doi:10.1016/j.cbpra.2024.03.003 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Malivoire, B. L., Rowa, K., Milosevic, I., & McCabe, R. E. (2024) · Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy · doi:10.1017/s1352465824000213 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
“Examples of overt behaviours associated with chronic worry include avoiding worrisome situations, checking to make sure loved ones are OK, delegating decisions to others, overplanning, and repeatedly checking (Gústavsson et al ., 2021; Mahoney et al ., 2016).”
Landreville, P., Gosselin, P., Grenier, S., & Carmichael, P. (2021) · BMC Geriatrics · doi:10.1186/s12877-021-02221-x · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Taylor, L. M. W., Waite, P., Halldorsson, B., Percy, R., Violato, M., & Creswell, C. (2019) · Trials · doi:10.1186/s13063-019-3295-6 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Granier, K. L., Segal, D. L., & Coolidge, F. L. (2020) · The International Journal of Aging and Human Development · doi:10.1177/0091415019896227 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Inness, B. E., McCabe, R. E., Streiner, D. L., Barrett, E. S., & Green, S. M. (2023) · Assessment · doi:10.1177/10731911231165071 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Kalantarian, E., Homaei, R., & Bozorgi, Z. D. (2023) · Jundishapur Journal of Chronic Disease Care · doi:10.5812/jjcdc-138100 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Huang, M.-L. (2025) · Annals of Pharmacy Education Safety and Public Health Advocacy · doi:10.51847/xanb8pckq4 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Validation of the Geriatric Anxiety Inventory in younger adults
Zhai, T., Bailey, P. E., Rogers, K. D., & Kneebone, I. (2022) · International Journal of Behavioral Development · doi:10.1177/01650254211064348 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Anxiety and Fear-Related Disorders: Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Rosellini, A. J., & Brown, T. A. (2024) · Tasman’s Psychiatry · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-51366-5_74 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Development of the Response to Fearful Situations Scale
McDermott, K. A., Fitch, K. E., Dillon, K. H., Mueller, N. E., Carlton, C. N., Schmidt, N. B., & Cougle, J. R. (2020) · Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy · doi:10.1017/s1352465820000466 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Malivoire, B. L., Stewart, K. E., & Koerner, N. (2021) · Behaviour Change · doi:10.1017/bec.2021.5 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Abedi, A., Oraizi, H. R., & Asadollahi, F. (2023) · Journal of Research in Behavioural Sciences · doi:10.52547/rbs.20.4.9 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Anxiety and Fear-Related Disorders: Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Rosellini, A. J., & Brown, T. A. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-42825-9_74-1 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Worry behaviour in generalised anxiety disorder
Beesdo‐Baum, K., Voss, C., Venz, J., Poppenhäger, S. R., Berwanger, J., & Pieper, L. (2019) · European Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.euroneuro.2018.11.747 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Hoyer, J., & Beesdo‐Baum, K. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-61814-1_48 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Tackling negative thinking in the classroom
Minahan, J. (2019) · Phi Delta Kappan · doi:10.1177/0031721719885912 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Martins, D. S. (2020) · Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (Universidade de São Paulo) · doi:10.11606/d.47.2020.tde-02092020-174154
Programa de intervención en un paciente con síndrome de Asperger
Barba, A. E. C. (2021) · UMA Editorial eBooks · doi:10.24310/mumaedmumaed.5442
Araujo, L. D. (2021) · UMA Editorial eBooks · doi:10.24310/mumaedmumaed.5428
¿Qué es la polarización? Una aproximación al concepto de polarización y a sus formas de medición
Montenegro, J., & Barros, M. (2021) · UMA Editorial eBooks · doi:10.24310/mumaedmumaed.5440
Jiménez, C. F. (2021) · UMA Editorial eBooks · doi:10.24310/mumaedmumaed.5434
Expresión de violencia de género a través de la dimensión de aislamiento en parejas jóvenes
Rando, M. D. C. L. (2021) · UMA Editorial eBooks · doi:10.24310/mumaedmumaed.5432
Vallecillo, A. C. (2021) · UMA Editorial eBooks · doi:10.24310/mumaedmumaed.5430
IV jornadas de investigación de la Facultad de psicología y logopedia : Libro de contribuciones
Rey, L. (2021) · UMA Editorial eBooks · doi:10.24310/mumaedmumaed.54
Control central de la vocalización. Evaluación y tratamiento en la disfonía espasmódica
Otálora, C. S. (2021) · UMA Editorial eBooks · doi:10.24310/mumaedmumaed.5436
Almoguera, C. A. (2021) · UMA Editorial eBooks · doi:10.24310/mumaedmumaed.5441
Aplicaciones para smartphones en la práctica clínica: Una revisión sistemática
Garrigós, J. J. A. (2021) · UMA Editorial eBooks · doi:10.24310/mumaedmumaed.5427
Luque, M. L. K. (2021) · UMA Editorial eBooks · doi:10.24310/mumaedmumaed.5433
Reconocimiento, exclusión social, resistencia y crimen: una propuesta de investigación empírica
Ferreira, C. P. (2021) · UMA Editorial eBooks · doi:10.24310/mumaedmumaed.5438
Gordillo, C. O. (2021) · UMA Editorial eBooks · doi:10.24310/mumaedmumaed.5437
Pasarín, L. G. (2021) · UMA Editorial eBooks · doi:10.24310/mumaedmumaed.5439
Claver, M. M. (2021) · UMA Editorial eBooks · doi:10.24310/mumaedmumaed.5429
Alabarce, M. L. –. D. (2021) · UMA Editorial eBooks · doi:10.24310/mumaedmumaed.5435
La relación entre la diferenciación del self y el apego adulto: Revisión bibliográfica
Vázquez, B. L. (2021) · UMA Editorial eBooks · doi:10.24310/mumaedmumaed.5431
Tackling negative thinking in the classroom
Minahan, J. (2023) · Phi Delta Kappan · doi:10.1177/00317217231212006 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Research Progress and Prospects of Approach-Avoidance Conflict
李, 晓. (2024) · Advances in Psychology · doi:10.12677/ap.2024.144206
Inness, B. E., Green, S. M., Furtado, M., Easterbrook, B., Streiner, D. L., Georgescu, A., & McCabe, R. E. (2025) · Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment · doi:10.1007/s10862-025-10210-2
Malivoire, B. L., Rowa, K., Milosevic, I., & McCabe, R. E. (2025) · Gezinstherapie Wereldwijd · doi:10.1007/s12440-025-00247-w
Wilson, E., Abbott, M. J., Norton, A. R., Riley, J. A., & Berle, D. (2026) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2026.103112
Çi̇men, F., Seçer, İ., Haeffel, G. J., & Goodson, J. T. (2026) · Assessment · doi:10.1177/10731911251408589
Chery, M.-C., Abbott, M. J., & Hunt, C. J. (2026) · Clinical Psychologist · doi:10.1080/13284207.2026.2679455
Predictors of worry‐related safety behaviours and avoidance
Crawford, T., & Purdon, C. L. (2026) · British Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1111/bjc.70075
Castonguay, C., Gosselin, P., Brisson, M., Landreville, P., & Grenier, S. (2026) · Aging & Mental Health · doi:10.1080/13607863.2026.2685241
Imagery rescripting for generalized anxiety disorder: A case series
Stavropoulos, L., Phipps, A. B., Sabel, I., Cooper, D. D. J., Briggs, N., Newby, J. M., & Grisham, J. R. (2026) · British Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1111/bjc.70073
Self-citationSocial anxiety and preferred interpersonal distance: The role of estimation bias
Bucur, S., Prasad, D., & Lange, W. (2026) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2026.07.007
White, M. A., Culton, D. A., Seiffert-Sinha, K., Sinha, A. A., & Tomayko, M. M. (2026) · Archives of Dermatological Research · doi:10.1007/s00403-026-04969-x
McKernan, L. C., Johnson, B. N., Lee, A. X., Koyama, T., Kelly, A. G., Bruehl, S. P., Dmochowski, R. R., & Sebesta, E. M. (2026) · International Urogynecology Journal · doi:10.1007/s00192-026-06887-y
Development and validation of the anxious behaviors questionnaire (ABQ) in older adults
Brisson, M., Gosselin, P., Carmichael, P., Landreville, P., & Grenier, S. (2026) · Aging & Mental Health · doi:10.1080/13607863.2026.2743277
- Authors
- Mahoney, A. E. J., Hobbs, M. J., Newby, J. M., Williams, A. D., Sunderland, M., & Andrews, G.
- Affiliations
- UNSW Sydney (AU)
- Utrecht University (NL)
- Corresponding author
- Mahoney, Alison E.J.
- Venue
- Journal of Affective Disorders
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2016-10
- Volume
- 203
- Pages
- 256-264
- ISSN
- 0165-0327 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2409439106
- Cited by
- 84
- References
- 68
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 25 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 1
- FWCI
- 7.12
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- hdl.handle.net
- Licence
- cc-by-nc-nd
- www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
- Locations
- Journal of Affective Disorders (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UNSWorks (University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- UNSWorks (UNSW Sydney) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Utrecht University Repository (Utrecht University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- RUNE (Research UNE) (submittedVersion)
- Utrecht University Repository (Utrecht University) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Mental Health Research Topics
- Keywords
- generalized anxiety disorder, behavioral avoidance, safety behavior, self-report measure development, psychometric validation, convergent and discriminant validity, factor structure, anxiety maintenance
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Anxiety, Anxiety Disorders, Cross-Sectional Studies, Depression, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Panic, Psychometrics, Reproducibility of Results, Young Adult, Self Report
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
