Size distribution and sites of origin of droplets expelled from the human respiratory tract during expiratory activities
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The majority of particles and their evaporated nuclei generated through human expiration activities have sizes varying from 0.05 to 500 μm.
“Related investigations have shown that the majority of particles and their evaporated nuclei generated through human expiration activities have sizes varying from 0.05 to 500 μm [12–16].”
From The protective performance of reusable cloth face masks, disposable procedure masks, KN95 masks and N95 respirators: Filtration and total inward leakage (2021) · cites this paper as [13]
Section 3.3 reports that the majority of droplets from human expiratory activities are in the low-micrometer and high-submicrometer ranges. But §2.3 says this study measured droplets below 20 μm with an instrument that detects particles as small as 0.3 μm; it does not establish the claimed 0.05–500 μm range. (LLM, conf=0.87)
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- Authors
- Morawska, L., Johnson, G. R., Ristovski, Z. D., Hargreaves, M., Mengersen, K., Corbett, S., Chao, C. Y. H., Li, Y., & Katoshevski, D.
- Affiliations
- Queensland University of Technology (AU)
- Western Sydney Local Health District (AU)
- Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HK)
- University of Hong Kong (HK)
- Ben-Gurion University of the Negev (IL)
- Corresponding author
- Morawska, L.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of Aerosol Science
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2009-03
- Volume
- 40
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 256-269
- ISSN
- 0021-8502 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2085955325
- Cited by
- 1,129
- References
- 18
- Citations by year
- 2026: 50 · 2025: 100 · 2024: 108 · 2023: 139 · 2022: 190 · 2021: 257 · 2020: 148 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 13
- FWCI
- 12.29
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Aerosol Science (publishedVersion)
- QUT ePrints (Queensland University of Technology) (submittedVersion)
- Rare & Special e-Zone (The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology) (submittedVersion)
- The HKU Scholars Hub (University of Hong Kong) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Australian Research Council (DP0558410)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Infection Control and Ventilation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Inhalation and Respiratory Drug Delivery
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Ocean Engineering › Particle Dynamics in Fluid Flows
- Keywords
- respiratory droplets, droplet size distribution, breathing, droplet evaporation, particle number concentration
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