Intolerance of uncertainty, aging, and anxiety and mental health concerns: A scoping review and meta-analysis
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Although intolerance of uncertainty (IU) is associated with negative outcomes, studies focusing on older adults are still emerging. Specifically, the relationship between IU and psychological health in this population remains unclear. Moreover, no review has focused on understanding the unique contributions of IU and aging to anxiety and mental health in older adults. This scoping review and meta-analysis addressed this gap and provided a comprehensive understanding of the relationship between IU, aging, and mental health. Among 45 studies reviewed, 37 were included in the meta-analysis using mixed effect analysis to examine the relationship between IU and age across adulthood. The remaining eight studies, along with seven selected from the meta-analysis, were included in the scoping review to evaluate the relationship between IU, anxiety, and mental health. Among these, 12 studies focused on late adulthood, two on overall adulthood, and one included both late and overall adulthood. Results of the meta-analysis revealed an overall significant age difference in IU throughout adulthood. Moreover, results of the scoping review indicated a direct correlation between IU and anxiety, and other psychological issues in elderly. These findings provide insights for future research and interventions aimed at reducing IU and improving mental health among older adults.
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A recent meta-analysis revealed significant age-related differences, with adolescents exhibiting higher IU compared to adults and older adults.
“A recent meta-analysis revealed significant age-related differences, with adolescents exhibiting higher IU compared to adults and older adults [104].”
From Impact of Media-Induced Uncertainty on Mental Health: Narrative-Based Perspective. (2025) · cites this paper as [104]
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Evaluation of magical thinking: Validation of the Illusory Beliefs Inventory
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Impact of Media-Induced Uncertainty on Mental Health: Narrative-Based Perspective.
Kesner, L., Juríčková, V., Grygarová, D., & Horáček, J. (2025) · JMIR Mental Health · doi:10.2196/68640 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
“A recent meta-analysis revealed significant age-related differences, with adolescents exhibiting higher IU compared to adults and older adults [104].”
State of the Science: Intolerance of Uncertainty.
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Cao, Y., Kwan, G. S. Y., Yao, Y., Chen, J., Yu, M., & Shum, D. (2026) · Comprehensive Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.comppsych.2026.152671
Self-citationChen, C.-P., Xu, B.-N., & Wang, D. (2026) · Early Intervention in Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/eip.70157
Living with the Unknown: Intolerance of Uncertainty in Parkinson's Disease
McDaniels, B. W., Pontone, G. M., Pushparatnam, K., & Subramanian, I. (2026) · Movement Disorders Clinical Practice · doi:10.1002/mdc3.70679
Che, S. L., Leong, S. M., & Tam, K. I. (2026) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2026.1873655
- Authors
- Yu, M. H. M., Cao, Y., Fung, S. S. Y., Kwan, G. S. Y., Tse, Z. C. K., & Shum, D. H. K.
- Affiliations
- University of Hong Kong (HK)
- Hong Kong Polytechnic University (HK)
- Corresponding author
- Cao, Yuan
- Venue
- Journal of Anxiety Disorders
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2025-03
- Volume
- 110
- Pages
- 102975
- ISSN
- 0887-6185 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4406549953
- Cited by
- 8
- References
- 122
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 4
- FWCI
- 1.31
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Anxiety Disorders (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PolyU Institutional Research Archive (Hong Kong Polytechnic University) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- The HKU Scholars Hub (University of Hong Kong) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Funders
- The University of Hong Kong
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › COVID-19 and Mental Health
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology › Aging and Gerontology Research
- Keywords
- intolerance of uncertainty, aging, older adults, anxiety, mental health, age differences, old age, adulthood, psychological well-being
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Aging, Anxiety, Humans, Mental Health, Uncertainty
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
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