Evaluation of a behavioral measure of risk taking: The balloon analogue risk task (BART)

Lejuez, C. W.; Read, Jennifer P.; Kahler, Christopher W.; Richards, Jerry B.; Ramsey, Susan E.; Stuart, Gregory L.; Strong, David R.; Brown, Richard A.

doi:10.1037/1076-898x.8.2.75

Cited by 2,336Decision-Making and Behavioral EconomicsNeural and Behavioral Psychology StudiesAdventure Sports and Sensation Seeking

Evaluation of a behavioral measure of risk taking: The balloon analogue risk task (BART)

Lejuez, C. W., Read, Jennifer P., Kahler, Christopher W., Richards, Jerry B., Ramsey, Susan E., Stuart, Gregory L., Strong, David R., Brown, Richard A.·2002·Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied

DOI 10.1037/1076-898x.8.2.75

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Abstract

The present study (N = 86) sought to evaluate a laboratory-based behavioral measure of risk taking (the Balloon Analogue Risk Task; BART) and to test associations between this measure and self-report measures of risk-related constructs as well as self-reported real-world risk behaviors. The BART evidenced sound experimental properties, and riskiness on the BART was correlated with scores on measures of sensation seeking, impulsivity, and deficiencies in behavioral constraint. Also, riskiness on the BART was correlated with the self-reported occurrence of addictive, health, and safety risk behaviors, with the task accounting for variance in these behaviors beyond that accounted for by demographics and self-report measures of risk-related constructs. These results indicate that the BART may be a useful tool in the assessment of risk taking.

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Risk-taking behavior was assessed using a well validated laboratory risk-taking task (BART) and a self-report risk-taking tendency questionnaire (BIS/BAS).
“Risk-taking behavior was assessed in two separate ways by using a well validated laboratory risk-taking task (Lejuez et al., 2002(Lejuez et al., , 2003(Lejuez et al., , 2007; the BART) and using a self-report risk-taking tendency questionnaire (BIS/BAS; Carver and White, 1994).”
From Longitudinal Changes in Adolescent Risk-Taking: A Comprehensive Study of Neural Responses to Rewards, Pubertal Development, and Risk-Taking Behavior (2015) · cites this paper as Lejuez et al., 2002
Studies on adults have revealed a link between risky performance in gambling tasks and clinically relevant risky behaviors.
“However, studies on adults have revealed a link between risky performance in gambling tasks and clinically relevant risky behaviors, e.g. between the performance in the IGT and substance use disorders, pathological gambling and psychopathic behavior [70], between performance in the PD and pathological gambling as well as alcohol dependence [71], [72], and between performance on the BART and self-”
From Risky behavior in gambling tasks in individuals with ADHD–a systematic literature review (2013) · cites this paper as [33]
The number of pumps across all balloons on the BART estimates risk taking, and the reduction in pumps following balloon explosions indicates sensitivity to negative punishment.
“The number of pumps across all balloons estimated risk taking and the reduction in pumps following balloon explosions was interpreted as an indicator of sensitivity to negative punishment.”
From Risk taking and sensitivity to punishment in children with ADHD, ODD, ADHD+ODD, and controls (2011) · cites this paper as Lejuez et al. 2002

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Authors: Lejuez, C. W., Read, J. P., Kahler, C. W., Richards, J. B., Ramsey, S. E., Stuart, G. L., Strong, D. R., & Brown, R. A.
Affiliations: University of Maryland, College Park (US)
Brown University (US)
University at Buffalo, State University of New York (US)
ORCID: Lejuez, C. W.
Read, Jennifer P.
Kahler, Christopher W.
Ramsey, Susan E.
Stuart, Gregory L.
Strong, David R.
Brown, Richard A.
Venue: Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Published: 2002
Volume: 8
Issue: 2
Pages: 75-84
ISSN: 1076-898X (ISSN-L)
1939-2192
DOI: 10.1037/1076-898x.8.2.75
OpenAlex: W2146196757
Cited by: 2,336
References: 55
Citations by year: 2026: 74 · 2025: 130 · 2024: 137 · 2023: 154 · 2022: 137 · 2021: 181 · 2020: 200 · 2019: 152 · 2018: 146 · 2017: 143 · 2016: 154 · 2015: 128 · 2014: 116 · 2013: 109 · 2012: 95
FWCI: 7.01
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Journal of Experimental Psychology Applied (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › General Decision Sciences › Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Adventure Sports and Sensation Seeking
Keywords: Balloon Analogue Risk Task, risk-taking, sensation seeking, impulsivity, behavioral constraints, health risk behaviors, self-report measures
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Adult, Arousal, Female, Humans, Impulsive Behavior, Internal-External Control, Male, Personality Assessment, Psychometrics, Risk-Taking, Behavior, Addictive

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Evaluation of a behavioral measure of risk taking: The balloon analogue risk task (BART)

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