Comprehensive Evaluation of SCFA Production in the Intestinal Bacteria Regulated by Berberine Using Gas-Chromatography Combined with Polymerase Chain Reaction
Abstract
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) of intestine microbial have caught accumulating attention for their beneficial effects on human health. Botanic compounds with low bioavailability such as berberine (BBR) and resveratrol might interact with intestinal microbial ecosystem and promote gut bacteria to produce SCFA, which contribute to their biological effects. In the present study, a comprehensive assay system was built to detect SCFAs production in intestinal bacteria, in which stringent anaerobic culture was applied for in vitro bacterial fermentation, followed by direct-injection GC detection (chemical detection) in combination with real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR, biological detection). BBR was used as positive reference. The direct injection GC method was calibrated and successfully applied to analyze the concentration of SCFAs in gut microbiota and BBR was proved to be effective in the dose- and time-dependent up-regulation of SCFAs production. As compared to the saline group, the concentration of acetic acid, propionate acid and butyric acid (the main SCFAs in gut microbiota) were increased by 17.7%, 11.1% and 30.5%, respectively, after incubating intestinal bacteria with 20μg/mL BBR for 24h. The increase reached to 34.9%, 22.4% and 51.6%, respectively when the BBR was 50μg/mL. Additionally, consensus-degenerate hybrid oligonucleotide primers (CODEHOPs) were designed for the detection of acetate kinase (ACK), Methylmalonyl-CoA decarboxylase (MMD) and butyryl-CoA: acetate-CoA transferase (BUT), as they are the key enzymes in the synthetic pathway for acetic acid, propionate acid and butyric acid, respectively. After 24hr's incubation, BBR was shown to promote the gene expression of ACK, MMD and BUT significantly (86.5%, 27.2% and 60.4%, respectively, with 20μg/mL BBR; 130.2%, 84.2% and 98.4%, respectively, with 50μg/mL BBR), showing a solid biological support for the chemical detection. This comprehensive assay system might be useful in identifying SCFAs promoting agents with information on their mechanism.
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It is likely that resveratrol and epicatechin may improve muscle atrophy by regulating the gut microbiota and their metabolites.
“Considering the reported anti-muscle atrophy effect of some nutraceuticals, such as resveratrol and epicatechin, and the fact that they could modulate the gut microbiome composition and increase circulating levels of short-chain fatty acids [167,168], it is likely that they may improve muscle atrophy by regulating the gut microbiota and their metabolites; nevertheless, future confirmatory studies”
From Nutraceuticals in the Prevention and Treatment of the Muscle Atrophy (2021) · cites this paper as [167]
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How does berberine regulate metabolism through target cells?Preprint
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- Authors
- Wang, L.-L., Guo, H.-H., Huang, S., Feng, C.-L., Han, Y.-X., & Jiang, J.-D.
- Affiliations
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Jiang, Jian-Dong
- Venue
- Journal of Chromatography B
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2017-07
- Volume
- 1057
- Pages
- 70-80
- ISSN
- 1570-0232 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2613604801
- Cited by
- 58
- References
- 66
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 4
- FWCI
- 2.57
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Chromatography B (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Health and Family Planning Commission
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Non-Clinical Drug Metabolism and PK/PD study
- CAMS Major Collaborative Innovation Project
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Drug Mechanisms and Pharmacological Evaluation Study
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Berberine and alkaloids research
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Keywords
- short-chain fatty acids, berberine, gut microbiota, acetate kinase, butyrate, acetic acid, gene expression, resveratrol
- MeSH terms
- Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Animals, Bacteria, Berberine, Chromatography, Gas, Fatty Acids, Volatile, Humans, Intestines, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Rats, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
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