Biochar mitigates negative effects of salt additions on two herbaceous plant species
Abstract
Addition of pyrolyzed biomass ("biochar") to soils has commonly been shown to increase crop yields and alleviate plant stresses associated with drought and exposure to toxic materials. Here we investigate the ability of biochar (at two dosages: 5 and 50 t ha(-1)) to mitigate salt-induced stress, simulating road salt additions in a factorial glasshouse experiment involving the broadleaved herbaceous plants Abutilon theophrasti and Prunella vulgaris. Salt additions of 30 g m(-2) NaCl to unamended soils resulted in high mortality rates for both species. Biochar (Fagus grandifolia sawdust pyrolyzed at 378 °C), when applied at 50 t ha(-1) as a top dressing, completely alleviated salt-induced mortality in A. theophrasti and prolonged survival of P. vulgaris. Surviving A. theophrasti plants that received both 50 t ha(-1) biochar and salt addition treatments showed growth rates and physiological performance similar to plants without salt addition. Biochar treatments alone also substantially increased biomass of P. vulgaris, with a ∼50% increase relative to untreated controls at both biochar dosages. Biochar did not significantly affect photosynthetic carbon gain (Amax), water use efficiency, or chlorophyll fluorescence (Fv/Fm) in either species. Our results indicate that biochar can ameliorate salt stress effects on plants through salt sorption, suggesting novel applications of biochar to mitigate effects of salinization in agricultural, urban, and contaminated soils.
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Plants of A. theophrasti receiving both biochar at 50 t ha-1 and salts at 30 g m-2 NaCl had growth rates similar to plants devoid of salt addition.
“Thomas et al. (2013) reported that plants of A. theophrasti receiving both biochar (at a level of 50 t ha À1 ) and salts (at a concentration of 30 g m -2 of NaCL) had growth rates similar to plants devoid of salt addition.”
From Biochar implications for sustainable agriculture and environment: A review (2019) · cites this paper as Thomas et al., 2013
Different biochar types have the potential to mitigate salinity-induced reductions in mineral uptake and may be a novel technique to mitigate adverse effects of salinization in arable and contaminated soils.
“Therefore, different biochar types have the potential to mitigate salinity-induced reductions in mineral uptake, and may be a novel technique to mitigate the adverse effects of salinization in arable and contaminated soils (Kim et al., 2016;Thomas et al., 2013).”
From Biochar implications for sustainable agriculture and environment: A review (2019) · cites this paper as Thomas et al., 2013
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- Authors
- Thomas, S. C., Frye, S., Gale, N., Garmon, M., Launchbury, R., Machado, N., Melamed, S., Murray, J., Petroff, A., & Winsborough, C.
- Affiliations
- University of Toronto (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Thomas, Sean C.
- Venue
- Journal of Environmental Management
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2013-11
- Volume
- 129
- Pages
- 62-68
- ISSN
- 0301-4797 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2000911496
- Cited by
- 333
- References
- 44
- Citations by year
- 2026: 14 · 2025: 23 · 2024: 43 · 2023: 49 · 2022: 37 · 2021: 27 · 2020: 44 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 24 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 5
- FWCI
- 16.90
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Environmental Management (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Soil Science › Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Plant Stress Responses and Tolerance
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Pollution › Smart Materials for Construction
- Keywords
- biochar, salt stress, road salt, salinization, Abutilon theophrasti, Prunella vulgaris, herbaceous plants, plant survival, biomass, photosynthesis, water use efficiency, chlorophyll fluorescence, topdressing
- MeSH terms
- Charcoal, Environmental Pollution, Ontario, Photosynthesis, Random Allocation, Sodium Chloride, Soil Pollutants, Stress, Physiological, Malvaceae, Prunella, Environmental Restoration and Remediation
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