The neuro-immune balance in neuropathic pain: Involvement of inflammatory immune cells, immune-like glial cells and cytokines

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Comparison of sildenafil, fluoxetine and its co-administration against chronic constriction injury induced neuropathic pain in rats: An influential additive effect

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Dual-Acting Peripherally Restricted Delta/Kappa Opioid (CAV1001) Produces Antinociception in Animal Models of Sub-Acute and Chronic Pain

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Role of peripheral and central sensitization in the anti-hyperalgesic effect of hecogenin acetate, an acetylated sapogenin, complexed with β-cyclodextrin: Involvement of NFκB and p38 MAPK pathways

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IMT504 blocks allodynia in rats with spared nerve injury by promoting the migration of mesenchymal stem cells and by favoring an anti-inflammatory milieu at the injured nerve

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Urinary trypsin inhibitor attenuates the development of neuropathic pain following spinal nerve ligation

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Crosstalk of Mast Cells and Natural Killer Cells with Neurons in Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy

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The potential protective effects of pre-injury exercise on neuroimmune responses following experimentally-induced traumatic neuropathy: a systematic review with meta-analysis

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Cannabis sativa L. Extract Alleviates Neuropathic Pain and Modulates CB1 and CB2 Receptor Expression in Rat

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Duhuo Jisheng decoction alleviates neuroinflammation and neuropathic pain by suppressing microglial M1 polarization: a network pharmacology research

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Inhibition of TRPV1 Channel Activity in Human CD4+ T Cells by Nanodiamond and Nanoplatinum Liquid, DPV576

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Gene expression profiling of the spinal cord at the chronic pain phase identified CDKL5 as a candidate gene for neural remodeling

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Pathophysiology of neuropathic pain: inflammatory mediators

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Role of the neuroendocrine antimicrobial peptide catestatin in innate immunity and pain

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A novel immunocompetent model of metastatic prostate cancer‐induced bone pain

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Sec-O-glucosylhamaudol mitigates inflammatory processes and autophagy via p38/JNK MAPK signaling in a rat neuropathic pain model

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Tricks of the puppet masters: morphological adaptations to the interaction with nervous system underlying host manipulation by rhizocephalan barnaclePolyascus polygeneus

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Injury-Dependent and Disability-Specific Lumbar Spinal Gene Regulation following Sciatic Nerve Injury in the Rat

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Chronic pain assessment from bench to bedside: lessons along the translation continuum

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Schistosoma japonicum-derived peptide SJMHE1 promotes peripheral nerve repair through a macrophage-dependent mechanism.

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Mirogabalin Decreases Pain-like Behaviors by Inhibiting the Microglial/Macrophage Activation, p38MAPK Signaling, and Pronociceptive CCL2 and CCL5 Release in a Mouse Model of Neuropathic Pain

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Frequency-dependent effects of sequenced pulsed magnetic field on experimental diabetic neuropathy

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Effects of NADPH Oxidase Isoform-2 (NOX2) Inhibition on Behavioral Responses and Neuroinflammation in a Mouse Model of Neuropathic Pain

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Infraorbital nerve injury triggers sex-specific neuroimmune responses in the peripheral trigeminal pathway and common pain behaviours

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From glial cells to pain pathways: ICAM-1 as a central player in neuroinflammation and neuropathy

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Graded peripheral nerve injury creates mechanical allodynia proportional to the progression and severity of microglial activity within the spinal cord of male mice

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Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort. Ameliorates Neuropathic Pain by Regulating Microglial M1 Polarization: A Study Based on Network Pharmacology

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Epochal neuroinflammatory role of high mobility group box 1 in central nervous system diseases

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Gabexate mesilate ameliorates the neuropathic pain in a rat model by inhibition of proinflammatory cytokines and nitric oxide pathway via suppression of nuclear factor-κB

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Intravenous Administration of Substance P Attenuates Mechanical Allodynia Following Nerve Injury by Regulating Neuropathic Pain-Related Factors

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S-Propargyl-Cysteine Ameliorates Peripheral Nerve Injury through Microvascular Reconstruction

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10-kHz High-Frequency Spinal Cord Stimulation Significantly Reduces Proinflammatory Cytokines and Distinct Populations of T Lymphocytes in Patients With Persistent Spinal Pain Syndrome Type 2

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Kilohertz high-frequency electrical stimulation ameliorate hyperalgesia by modulating transient receptor potential vanilloid-1 and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-2B signaling pathways in chronic constriction injury of sciatic nerve mice

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Glial modulators as novel therapeutics for comorbid pain and opioid use disorder

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Spirituality Needs in Chronic Pain Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study in a General Hospital in Malaysia

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Role of N-Acylethanolamines in the Neuroinflammation: Ultramicronized Palmitoylethanolamide in the Relief of Chronic Pain and Neurodegenerative DiseasesRole of N-Acylethanolamines in the Neuroinflammation: Ultramicronized Palmitoylethanolamide in the Relief of Chronic Pain and Neurodegenerative Diseases

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Mirogabalin Decreases Pain-like Behaviours and Improves Opioid and Ketamine Antinociception in a Mouse Model of Neuropathic Pain

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Cytokine-Related and Histological Biomarkers for Neuropathic Pain Assessment

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Anti-hypernociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of JM-20: A novel hybrid neuroprotective compound

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Transient Reflexive Pain Responses and Chronic Affective Nonreflexive Pain Responses Associated with Neuroinflammation Processes in Both Spinal and Supraspinal Structures in Spinal Cord-Injured Female Mice

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Innate immunity in chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy: recent advances

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Pain and the immune system

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Imbalance of Th1 and Th2 Cytokines and Stem Cell Therapy in Pathological Pain

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Stem cell therapy combined with luteolin alleviates experimental neuropathy

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Bibliometric and visual analysis of microglia-related neuropathic pain from 2000 to 2021

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Minocycline Abrogates Individual Differences in Nerve Injury-Evoked Affective Disturbances in Male Rats and Prevents Associated Supraspinal Neuroinflammation

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A Review of the Role of Epidural Percutaneous Adhesiolysis

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Role of Muscarinic Receptors in Hypoalgesia Induced by Crocin in Neuropathic Pain Rats

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Kaurenoic Acid Reduces Ongoing Chronic Constriction Injury-Induced Neuropathic Pain: Nitric Oxide Silencing of Dorsal Root Ganglia Neurons

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Nerve–myeloid cell interactions in persistent human pain: a reappraisal using updated cell subset classifications

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Isolated dorsal root ganglion neurones inhibit receptor‐dependent adenylyl cyclase activity in associated glial cells

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Involvement of the α7-nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the anti-inflammatory action of the thymulin-related peptide (PAT).

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Variability in C-Type Lectin Receptors Regulates Neuropathic Pain-Like Behavior after Peripheral Nerve Injury

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Possible inflammatory pain biomarkers in postamputation pain

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The Interactions of Magnesium Sulfate and Cromoglycate in a Rat Model of Orofacial Pain; The Role of Magnesium on Mast Cell Degranulation in Neuroinflammation

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Psychoneuroimmunological approach to gastrointestinal related pain

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Anti-Inflammatory Pathways Mediating tDCS’s Effects on Neuropathic Pain

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Overexpression of miR-133a-3p reduces microglia activation by binding to GCH1, alleviating neuroinflammation and neuropathic pain

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Serum Soluble Interleukin-2 Receptor Does Not Differentiate Complex Regional Pain Syndrome from Other Pain Conditions in a Tertiary Referral Setting

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The use of passive cable theory to increase the threshold of nociceptors in people with chronic pain

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Fibroblast Growth Factor 1 Gene-Transfected Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Modulate Apoptosis And Inflammation In The Chronic Constriction Injury Model of Neuropathic Pain.

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Fundamental changes in endogenous bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells during Type I Diabetes is a pre-neuropathy event

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Do Patients Benefit from a Trial of Corticosteroids at the End of Life?

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Phenylpropanoid-enriched broccoli seedling extract can reduce inflammatory markers and pain behavior

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Facial Sensory Restoration After Trigeminal Sensory Rhizotomy by Collateral Sprouting From the Occipital Nerves

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Profiling of fatty acid metabolism in the dorsal root ganglion after peripheral nerve injury

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Engineering a multicompartment in vitro model for dorsal root ganglia phenotypic assessment

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Developmental Changes in Pain and Spinal Immune Gene Expression after Radicular Trauma in the Rat

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Efficacy and Safety of TENS and Duloxetine in Patients with Painful Diabetic Neuropathy: A Single Blind Randomized Clinical Trial

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Plasma Pro‐ and Anti‐Inflammatory Cytokines in an Observational Chronic Low Back Pain Cohort

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Not Just Neurons: Pain Is Orchestrated in Partnership with Many Non-neuronal Cells

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Alteration of Interleukin-4, Interleukin-6 Levels, and Post-operative Pain Intensity

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The Causal Relationship Between Immune Cells and Neuropathic Pain: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study Based on Genome-Wide Association Analysis

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Characterization of Ferroptosis-Related Molecular Subtypes with Immune Infiltrations in Neuropathic Pain

Bi, Y.-H., Wang, J., Guo, Z., & Jia, K. (2022) · Journal of Pain Research · doi:10.2147/jpr.s385228 · Cited by 6

Phenytoin Decreases Pain-like Behaviors and Improves Opioid Analgesia in a Rat Model of Neuropathic Pain

Kocot-Kępska, M., Pawlik, K., Ciapała, K., Makuch, W., Zajączkowska, R., Dobrogowski, J., Przeklasa-Muszyńska, A., & Mika, J. (2023) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci13060858 · Cited by 5

Effect of an intraoperative periradicular application of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) on residual post-surgical neuropathic pain after disc herniation surgery: study protocol for NeuroPRF, a randomized controlled trial

Todeschi, J., Dannhoff, G., Coca, A. H., Timbolschi, D. I., Proust, F., Lefèbvre, F., Lelièvre, V., Poisbeau, P., Vallat, L. D., Salvat, É., et al. (2023) · Trials · doi:10.1186/s13063-023-07420-y · Cited by 5

Identifying circRNA–miRNA–mRNA Regulatory Networks in Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy

Cao, F., Wang, X., Ye, Q., Yan, F., Lu, W., Xie, J., Bi, B., & Wang, X. (2023) · Current Issues in Molecular Biology · doi:10.3390/cimb45080430 · Cited by 5

Inhibition of Matrix Metalloproteinases-2/-9 Transiently Reduces Pre-Oligodendrocyte Loss during Lipopolysaccharide- but Not Tumour Necrosis Factor-alpha-Induced Inflammation in Fetal Ovine Glial Culture

Weaver-Mikaere, L., Gunn, A. J., Bennet, L., Mitchell, M. D., & Fraser, M. (2013) · Developmental Neuroscience · doi:10.1159/000354862 · Cited by 5

IFOMPT 2012: A Rendez-Vous of Hands and Minds, September 30–October 5, 2012, Québec City, Canada

Werstine, R., & Chesworth, B. M. (2012) · Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy · doi:10.2519/jospt.2012.0302 · Cited by 5

Prevalence of Neuropathic Pain and Patient-Reported Outcomes in Korean Adults with Chronic Low Back Pain Resulting from Neuropathic Low Back Pain

Kim, J. H., Hong, J. T., Lee, C.-S., Kim, K. S., Suk, K., Kim, J.-H., Park, Y., Chang, B., Jun, D. S., Kim, Y., et al. (2017) · Asian Spine Journal · doi:10.4184/asj.2017.11.6.917 · Cited by 5

The effect of ponicidin on CFA-induced chronic inflammatory pain and its mechanism based on network pharmacology and molecular docking

Wang, P., Jiang, H., Yao, J., He, G., Tao, T., & Qin, Z. (2025) · Frontiers in Medicine · doi:10.3389/fmed.2025.1510271 · Cited by 4

Quantification of neuroinflammation in spinal cord and neuroforamina of patients with painful cervical radiculopathy using [11C]DPA713 PET/CT

Schipholt, I. J. L., Scholten-Peeters, G. G. M., Koop, M. A., Coppieters, M. W., Boellaard, R., van de Giessen, E., ter Meulen, B. C., Coenen, M. J. H., Vleggeert-Lankamp, C. L. A., Depauw, P. R. A. M., et al. (2025) · Frontiers in Nuclear Medicine · doi:10.3389/fnume.2025.1569991 · Cited by 5

Targeting Ischemic Stroke with Neural Stem Cells: Insights into Endogenous Repair Mechanisms, Biomaterial-Based Delivery, and Exosome Therapies

Hassanzadeh, A., Rahbarghazi‬, R., Verdi, J., Mahmoudi, J., Moghadam, M. H., Mousakhani, A., Vousooghi, N., & Karimipour, M. (2025) · Molecular Neurobiology · doi:10.1007/s12035-025-05291-9 · Cited by 6

Interleukin-6 as a keystone cytokine in experimental rat models of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neurotoxicity

Tarasiuk, O., Chiorazzi, A., Argentini, A., Ballarini, E., Canta, A., Carozzi, V., Pozzi, E., Alberti, P., Fabbro, V., Iseppon, F., et al. (2026) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-025-34830-6 · Cited by 4

Neuroinflammation at the Neuroforamina and Spinal Cord in Patients with Painful Cervical Radiculopathy and Pain-Free Participants: An [11C]DPA713 PET/CT Proof-of-Concept Study

Schipholt, I. J. L., Koop, M. A., Coppieters, M. W., van de Giessen, E., Lammertsma, A. A., ter Meulen, B. C., Vleggeert-Lankamp, C. L. A., van Berckel, B. N. M., Bot, J., van Helvoirt, H., et al. (2025) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm14072420 · Cited by 4

Unveiling the Dichotomic Nature of VEGFA in neuropathic pain: A path to targeted therapeutics

Allen, H. N., & Khanna, R. (2025) · Neurotherapeutics · doi:10.1016/j.neurot.2025.e00534 · Cited by 4

Genetic Evidence Indicates that Serum Micronutrient Levels Mediate the Causal Relationships Between Immune Cells and Neuropathic Pain: A Mediation Mendelian Randomization Study

Shi, S., Yang, S., Ma, P., Wang, Y., Ma, C., & Wan, M. (2025) · Molecular Neurobiology · doi:10.1007/s12035-025-04805-9 · Cited by 4

Exchange proteins directly activated by cyclic adenosine monophosphate inhibitor reverses mechanical allodynia via the modification of astrocytes activity in the spinal cord

Qing, S., Chen, J., Zhong, C., Huang, S., Lu, C., & Qin, Y. (2021) · Annals of Translational Medicine · doi:10.21037/atm-21-5384 · Cited by 4

Activation of spinal macrophage-inducible C-type lectin induces mechanical allodynia and microglial activation in rats

Yang, J., Lee, H. G., Cho, S., Kim, W. M., Jeong, S., Bae, H., Yoon, M. H., & Choi, J. I. (2018) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2018.10.017 · Cited by 7

Part I: Psychological Factors in Delayed and Failed Recovery and Unnecessary Disability

Caruso, G. M., & Kertay, L. (2019) · AMA guides newsletter · doi:10.1001/amaguidesnewsletters.2019.mayjun01 · Cited by 4

Ulinastatin inhibits microglia activation in spinal cord via P2Y12 receptor in a rat neuropathic pain model

Shi, Y., Wen, H., Cui, J. G., & Qin, W. (2023) · Journal of Histotechnology · doi:10.1080/01478885.2022.2163792 · Cited by 4

[Chemokines and attraction of myeloid cells in peripheral neuropathic pains].

Sapienza, A., Réaux-Le-Goazigo, A., Rostène, W., & Mélik-Parsadaniantz, S. (2014) · Biologie Aujourd hui · doi:10.1051/jbio/20140011 · Cited by 5

Modulation of TRPV1 Function in Human CD4+ T Cells by Nanodiamond and Nanoplatinum Liquid, DPV576Preprint

Ghoneum, M. H., Gimzewski, J. K., Ghoneum, A. D., Katano, H., & Agrawal, A. (2018) · Preprints.org · doi:10.20944/preprints201804.0354.v1 · Cited by 4

Challenging clinical encounters: an investigation into the experiences of GPs consulting with young people experiencing emotional distress and an exploration of the GP’s role

Roberts, J. H. (2012) · Sunderland Repository (University of Sunderland) · Cited by 4

RIPK3 regulates microglial polarization through the TLR4/MyD88 pathway in neuropathic pain

Sihan, E., Song, Q., Zhang, Z., & Liang, Y. (2025) · Molecular Pain · doi:10.1177/17448069251377861 · Cited by 3

Can Modulating Inflammatory Response be a Good Strategy to Treat Neuropathic Pain?

Zhang, J., Echeverry, S., Lim, T. K. Y., Lee, S., Shi, X., & Huang, H. (2014) · Current Pharmaceutical Design · doi:10.2174/1381612820666141027115508 · Cited by 26

REVIEW ARTICLE The Role of Glia and the Immune System in the Development and Maintenance of Neuropathic Pain

Vallejo, R., Tilley, D. M., Vogel, L. A., Benyamin, R. M., & del Dolor, C. (2010)

Role of the immune system in neuropathic pain

Malcangio, M. (2019) · Scandinavian Journal of Pain · doi:10.1515/sjpain-2019-0138 · Cited by 236

The Role of Glia and the Immune System in the Development and Maintenance of Neuropathic Pain

Vallejo, R., Tilley, D. M., Vogel, L. A., & Benyamin, R. M. (2010) · Pain Practice · doi:10.1111/j.1533-2500.2010.00367.x · Cited by 345

Neuroimmune mechanisms of pain: Basic science and potential therapeutic modulators

Lim, J. S., & Kam, P. C. A. (2020) · Anaesthesia and Intensive Care · doi:10.1177/0310057x20902774 · Cited by 21