The neuro-immune balance in neuropathic pain: Involvement of inflammatory immune cells, immune-like glial cells and cytokines

Toll-Like Receptors

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A peripheral mononeuropathy in rat that produces disorders of pain sensation like those seen in man

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Central sensitization: a generator of pain hypersensitivity by central neural plasticity

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Neuronal plasticity: Increasing the gain in pain

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The expanding universe of T-cell subsets: Th1, Th2 and more

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An experimental model for peripheral neuropathy produced by segmental spinal nerve ligation in the rat

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Neutrophils and immunity: challenges and opportunities

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Complement

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Secretory products of macrophages.

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Impact of repeated exposure to CPM on CPM efficiency and pain sensitivity in healthy adults: a randomized controlled trial

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Oral administration of boldine reduces neuropathic pain After spared nerve injury in female mice

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La radiofréquence pulsée : mécanisme d’action et indication en douleur chronique

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Electronic Health Record Recording of Patient Pain: Challenges and Discrepancies

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The cumulative analgesic effect of repeated electroacupuncture is modulated by Adora3 in the SCDH of mice with neuropathic pain

Kiani, F. A., Li, H., Guo, P., Zhang, Q., Abouelfetouh, M. M., Ding, M., & Ding, Y. (2024) · Animal Models and Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1002/ame2.12458 · Cited by 3

Therapeutic roles of coenzyme Q10 in peripheral nerve injury-induced neurosensory disturbances: Mechanistic insights from injury to recovery

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Bleomycin triggers chronic mechanical nociception by activating TRPV1 and glial reaction-mediated neuroinflammation via TSLP/TSLPR/pSTAT5 signals

Lu, Y., Lin, C., Lu, C., Tsai, H., Wang, W., Zhang, Z.-H., & Wu, C. (2024) · Brain Research Bulletin · doi:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2024.111081 · Cited by 3

Bioinformatics Analysis of Differentially Expressed Genes in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Using RNA Sequencing

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A multi-target ligand (JM-20) prevents morphine-induced hyperalgesia in naïve and neuropathic rats

Garrido‐Suárez, B. B., Garrido, G., Menéndez, A. B., Lopez, G. A., Valdés-Martínez, O., Morales-Aguiar, R. A., Fernández-Perez, M. D., Ochoa, E., Verdecia-Reyes, Y., & Delgado, R. (2024) · European Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176992 · Cited by 3

Cannabis sativa L. Extract Increases COX-1, COX-2 and TNF-α in the Hippocampus of Rats with Neuropathic Pain

Bartkowiak-Wieczorek, J., Jamka, M., Kujawski, R., Hołysz, M., Bienert, A., Czora-Poczwardowska, K., Szulc, M., Mikołajczak, P. Ł., Bogacz, A., Wizner, A.-M., et al. (2025) · Molecules · doi:10.3390/molecules30010194 · Cited by 3

Dolor y modalidades físicas: un nuevo paradigma en fisioterapia

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Pain and Physical Modalities: A New Paradigm in Physiotherapy

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Completing the Pain Circuit: Recent Advances in Imaging Pain and Inflammation beyond the Central Nervous System

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Spinal plasticity of the nociceptive system

Latrémolière, A. (2016) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118455968.ch2 · Cited by 4

Role of neuroinflammation in neuropathic pain: a narrative review

Chung, W., & Jung, K. T. (2023) · Medical Biological Science and Engineering · doi:10.30579/mbse.2023.6.2.57 · Cited by 2

Plasma-derived exosomal miR-144-3p targeting IL-1β is involved in pressure pain threshold regulation at PC6 acupoint in myocardial ischemia rats

Li, X., Li, X., Ren, Y., Ling, F., Sun, Y., Liu, Y., Qi, W., Wang, Z., Zheng, Q., & Liang, F. (2025) · Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.jtcme.2025.02.001 · Cited by 2

Monoamine-Uptake Inhibitors and Pain: Antidepressant Drugs Among First-Line Treatments Against Neuropathic Pain and Fibromyalgia

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Clinically translatable nanotheranostic platforms for peripheral nerve regeneration: design with outcome in mind

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Cathepsin S Upregulation Measured in the Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Prior to Surgery Points to Postoperative Pain Development in Patients with Hip Osteoarthritis

Tchetina, E., Glemba, K., Yunitskaya, A., Markova, G., Makarov, M., & Lila, A. (2023) · Diagnostics · doi:10.3390/diagnostics13101739 · Cited by 2

Dolor Neuropático periférico en neuropatías por atrapamiento: fisiopatología y manejo de fisioterapia.

Matesanz-García, L. (2023) · Journal of MOVE and Therapeutic Science · doi:10.37382/jomts.v5i1.914 · Cited by 2

Bioinformatics and systems biology approach to identify the pathogenetic link of neurological pain and major depressive disorder

Hu, J., Fu, J., Cai, Y., Chen, S., Qu, M., Zhang, L., Fan, W., Wang, Z., Zeng, Q., & Zou, J. (2024) · Experimental Biology and Medicine · doi:10.3389/ebm.2024.10129 · Cited by 2

The Role of Functional Electrical Stimulation in Brachial Plexus Injury Repair

Yang, L., Li, Y., Zhang, Q., Jiang, M., & He, J. (2021) · IntechOpen eBooks · doi:10.5772/intechopen.99660 · Cited by 2

Treadmill workouts alleviate neuropathic allodynia and scratching behavior in rats following thoracotomy

Wang, S.-Y., Chiu, C., Wang, J., Chen, Y., Chou, A., & Hung, C. (2022) · Neurological Research · doi:10.1080/01616412.2021.2024719 · Cited by 1

Shentong Zhuyu decoction ameliorates postherpetic neuralgia in rats by regulating cAMP/PKA/p-CREB signaling

Zhu, Y., Tao, J., Zeng, T., & Wang, C. (2025) · Journal of Molecular Histology · doi:10.1007/s10735-025-10632-y · Cited by 1

Mesenchymal Stem Cell‐Derived Apoptotic Micro‐Vesicles Repaired Sciatic Nerve Defect by Regulating Early Inflammatory Microenvironment and Promoting Angiogenesis

Liu, H., Ouyang, Y., Wang, B., Zhang, X., Guan, Y., He, R., Cui, Y., Wang, J., Yao, Q., Tan, Y., et al. (2025) · Advanced Healthcare Materials · doi:10.1002/adhm.202504087 · Cited by 1

Cytokines, Somatosensory Functioning, and Psychological Distress in Post-Breast Cancer Surgery Pain: A longitudinal study

Groote, A. D., Meeus, M., Coppens, L., Kumar‐Singh, S., Dams, L., Jade, M., Tjalma, W., An, D., & Mertens, M. G. (2026) · Brain Behavior and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2026.106281 · Cited by 1

Insights into neuropathic pain: From disease models to therapeutic interventions

Nasır, A., Khan, T., Anam, A., Asad, M., Bakhtawar, H., & Bai, Q. (2026) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2026.106878 · Cited by 1

Neuroinflammation and Oxidative Stress in Neuropathic Pain: Mechanistic Targets for Nutraceutical-Based Interventions

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An Approach to Identify Nerve Injury-Evoked Changes that Contribute to the Development or Protect Against the Development of Sustained Neuropathic Pain

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A hypothesis regarding the cause of the functional somatic syndrome and suggestions in regard to its validation

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Immune Network, the Dangerous Liaisons in Pain: A Short Review

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ELISPOT Assay for Neuroscience Research: Studying TNFα Secretion from Microglial Cells

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Effect of Arrabidaea Chica Verlot on Posttraumatic Neuropathic Pain in Rats

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Inhibition of Tumor-Derived C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 2 Expression Attenuates Tactile Allodynia in NCTC 2472 Fibrosarcoma-Inoculated Mice

Taniguchi, M., Yasukochi, S., Yamakawa, W., Tsurudome, Y., Tsuruta, A., Horiguchi, M., Ushijima, K., Yamashita, T., Shindo, N., Ojida, A., et al. (2023) · Molecular Pharmacology · doi:10.1124/molpharm.123.000690 · Cited by 1

Immune response and cytokine profiles in post-laminectomy pain syndrome: comparative analysis after treatment with intrathecal opioids, oral opioids, and non-opioid therapies

Rosa, C. P., de Andrade, D. C., Barreto, E. S. R., Júnior, C. R. A., Alencar, V. B., Lins-Kusterer, L., Kraychete, D. C., & Teixeira, M. J. (2024) · Inflammopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s10787-024-01521-z · Cited by 1

Anxiety-like Characteristics, Forepaw Thermal Sensitivity Changes and Glial Alterations 1 Month After Repetitive Blast Traumatic Brain Injury in Male Rats

Kallakuri, S., Sadik, N., Davidson, C. J., Gheidi, A., Bosse, K. E., BIR, C. A., Conti, A. C., & Perrine, S. A. (2024) · Annals of Neurosciences · doi:10.1177/09727531241248976 · Cited by 1

The unpaved road of ayahuasca, a psychoactive brew, as a treatment for neuropathic pain: A review of mechanistic insights and clinical prospects

dos Santos, B. C., Reis, A. K. G., Nucci, R. A. B., Campos, A. C. P., Martins, D. O., Daldegan‐Bueno, D., & Pagano, R. L. (2024) · Brain Behavior and Immunity Integrative · doi:10.1016/j.bbii.2024.100087 · Cited by 1

Multiplex Analysis of the Activation of the Immune System after Transection of the Rat’s Sciatic Nerve

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Part II: Psychological Factors In Delayed And Failed Recovery and Unnecessary Disability

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Transcranial direct current stimulation did not revert the increased central and peripheral NGF levels induced by neuropathic pain in rats

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Cannabinoid Receptor 2 (CB2)

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The Biopsychology of Pain

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Rôle et localisation intraspinale du récepteur B1 des kinines dans la douleur neuropathique

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Fibroblasts – the neglected cell type in peripheral sensitization and chronic pain? - A systematic view on the current state of the literaturePreprint

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Oral Administration of Boldine Reduces Spare Nerve Injury-Induced Neuropathic PainPreprint

Pan, J., Toro, C. A., Chow, C., Duarte, Y., Sáez, J. C., Cardozo, C. P., & Zhao, W. (2024) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2024.11.05.622128 · Cited by 1

Neural Inflammation in Thoracic Dorsal Root Ganglia Mediates Cardiopulmonary Spinal Afferent Sensitization in Chronic Heart FailurePreprint

Hong, J., Gillman, S., Pellegrino, P. R., Zhao, G., Ren, R., Lisco, S. J., Zucker, I. H., Wang, D., & Wang, H. (2025) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2025.10.22.683960 · Cited by 1

The Role of Sleep and Cytokines in the Development of Mechanical Hypersensitivity in a Mouse Model of Musculoskeletal Sensitization.

Sutton, B. C. (2013) · Deep Blue (University of Michigan)

Aportes a la patogenia del dolor: un enfoque desde la Neuroinmunoendocrinología

Toirac, E. J. L., González, A. J. A., & Pérez, U. G. (2015) · Revista panorama/Panorama. Cuba y salud

Immune‐to‐Brain Communication in Pain: Historical Perspectives, New Directions

Grace, P. M., Watkins, L. R., & Hutchinson, M. R. (2013) · doi:10.1002/9781118314814.ch9

Comment on “In vivo and systems biology studies implicate IL-18 as a central mediator in chronic pain” by Vasudeva et al., J. Neuroimmunol. 2015 June; 283:3–49

Russo, M. A., & Santarelli, D. M. (2015) · Journal of Neuroimmunology · doi:10.1016/j.jneuroim.2015.07.008

DeficientCX3CR1SignalingPromotesRecoveryafterMouse SpinalCordInjurybyLimitingtheRecruitmentand ActivationofLy6C lo /iNOSMacrophages

Donnelly, D. J., & AmyTovar, C. (2011)

Peripheral Neuroimmune Interactions and Neuropathic Pain

Machelska, H. (2014) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-1071-7_6

Papel do fator de transcrição AP-1 na hipernocicepção neuropática em camundongos

Poloni, R. (2014) · doi:10.11606/t.17.2014.tde-06032014-164931

Impacto no sistema imunológico da utilização prolongada de morfina para tratamento da dor

Rosa, C. P. (2016) · Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (Universidade de São Paulo) · doi:10.11606/t.5.2016.tde-06062016-113050

Mechanisms of Expression and Release of Endogenous Opioids in Peripheral Tissues

Kulyk, V. B., Volkova, T. N., & Kryshtal’, O. A. (2016) · Neurophysiology · doi:10.1007/s11062-016-9590-x

Studies on the Development and Consequences of Neuroinflammation in Obesity

Buckman, L. B. (2014)

Editorial Mediators of Inflammation as Targets for Chronic Pain Treatment

Lipnik‐Štangelj, M. (2013)

Papel dos receptores intracelulares NOD1 e NOD2 na gênese da dor neuropática

Cecilia, F. V. S. (2017) · Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (Universidade de São Paulo) · doi:10.11606/t.17.2017.tde-01022016-111957

VIPER: Chronic Pain after Amputation: Inflammatory Mechanisms, Novel Analgesic Pathways, and Improved Patient Safety

de Ven, T. V. (2016)

Biomarkers in fibromyalgia

Üçeyler, N., & Sommer, C. (2014) · doi:10.2217/fmeb2013.13.120

Pathophysiology of Head and Facial Pain

Helton, M. S., & Petersen, E. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-90999-8_3

Estudo sequencial da expressão de citocinas na plasticidade de nervo periférico de ratos utilizando a tubulização látero-terminal

Miguel, V. T. (2019) · Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (Universidade de São Paulo) · doi:10.11606/t.17.2019.tde-08082019-100009

Papel do receptor Toll-like 9 (TLR9) no desenvolvimento da dor neuropática causada por lesão de nervos periféricos

Cavallini, M. C. M. (2019) · doi:10.11606/d.17.2019.tde-16102019-105228

O envolvimento da O-GlcNacilação no desenvolvimento da dor neuropática

Silva, N. I. Q. E. (2019) · doi:10.11606/d.17.2019.tde-04102019-114518

Macrophages and the Art of Controlling Pain in Inflammation and Osteoarthritis

Raoof, R. (2020) · Utrecht University Repository (Utrecht University) · doi:10.33540/424

Evaluation of new method to induce neuritis and comparison its symptoms with current chronic constriction injury method in male rat

Ghanbari, A., Shahsavan, F., & Safakhah, H. A. (2021) · کومش · doi:10.29252/koomesh.23.1.117

Potential Neuromodulatory Profile of Phytocompounds in Brain Disorders

Trabace, L. (2017) · MDPI eBooks · doi:10.3390/books978-3-03842-317-1

NEUROINFLAMMATION

(2021) · International Journal of Neuroscience Research · doi:10.28933/ijnr-2021-08-0805

Time course of lipopolysaccharide- and capsaicin-induced cytokine release in an ex vivo mouse model of vaginal inflammationPreprint

Chalmers, J., Hutchinson, M. R., Dodds, K. N., Kwok, Y. H., Evans, S., & Moseley, G. L. (2023) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2023.02.11.528146

Evaluation of Photobiomodulation Therapy (117 and 90 seconds) on Pain, Regeneration, and Epigenetic Factors (HDAC 2, DNMT3a) Expression Following Spinal Cord Injury in A Rat ModelPreprint

MotamedNejad, A., Behroozi, Z., Kookli, K., Ghadaksaz, A., Fazeli, S. M., Moshiri, A., Ramezani, F., & Janzadeh, A. (2023) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-2780657/v1

Identification of Mast Cells and Immunophenotypic Subtypes in Peripheral Nerve Damage Caused by Epineurotomy and Systemic Inflammation

Yavaş, Ö., Yavaş, S. E., Kavruk, K., Özbek, S., & Ersoy, S. (2023) · Neurological Sciences and Neurophysiology · doi:10.4103/nsn.nsn_114_23

Investigating immune cell trafficking on the ocular surface and its correlation to disease stage and treatment outcome

D’Souza, S. (2024) · doi:10.26481/dis.20240325sd

Peptide-based vaccines and altered peptide ligands

Zoupanou, N., Georgiou, N., Moschovou, K., Chasapis, C. T., Kelaidonis, K., Chavda, V. P., Mavromoustakos, T., Matsoukas, J., & Apostolopoulos, V. (2024) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-18564-9.00010-2

Papel dos neutrófilos nas meninges para o desenvolvimento da dor neuropática

Castro, R. D. S. (2024) · Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (Universidade de São Paulo) · doi:10.11606/d.17.2024.tde-04042025-103110

Mechanism of Electroacupuncture at Jiaji Acupoints (EX‐B2) Improving Neuropathic Pain in Cervical Spondylotic Radiculopathy Rats via Modulating Microglial STAT3 Phosphorylation and Mitochondrial Function

Luo, S., Yuan, W.-N., Gu, J., Zhang, P.-J., Liu, Y.-J., & Huang, Z. (2026) · Acta Neurologica Scandinavica · doi:10.1155/ane/9711693

Cytokine alterations in the spinal cord and serum of male rats following brachial plexus avulsion-induced neuropathic pain

Wang, L., & Lao, J. (2025) · Medicine · doi:10.1097/md.0000000000045251

New Insights and Treatments For VZV-induced Pain In a Rat Model of Postherpetic Neuralgia

Guedon, J.-M. G. (2014) · D-Scholarship@Pitt (University of Pittsburgh)

Additional file 1 of The effects of aerobic exercise on neuroimmune responses in animals with traumatic peripheral nerve injury: a systematic review with meta-analyses

Sleijser‐Koehorst, M. L. S., Koop, M. A., Coppieters, M. W., Lutke Schipholt, I. J., Radisic, N., Hooijmans, C. R., & Scholten-Peeters, G. G. M. (2023) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.22757200

Additional file 2 of The effects of aerobic exercise on neuroimmune responses in animals with traumatic peripheral nerve injury: a systematic review with meta-analyses

Sleijser‐Koehorst, M. L. S., Koop, M. A., Coppieters, M. W., Lutke Schipholt, I. J., Radisic, N., Hooijmans, C. R., & Scholten-Peeters, G. G. M. (2023) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.22757203

Additional file 1 of Effect of an intraoperative periradicular application of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) on residual post-surgical neuropathic pain after disc herniation surgery: study protocol for NeuroPRF, a randomized controlled trial

Todeschi, J., Dannhoff, G., Coca, A. H., Timbolschi, D. I., Proust, F., Lefebvre, F., Lelièvre, V., Poisbeau, P., Vallat, L. D., Salvat, É., et al. (2023) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.23542906

Additional file 3 of The effects of aerobic exercise on neuroimmune responses in animals with traumatic peripheral nerve injury: a systematic review with meta-analyses

Sleijser‐Koehorst, M. L. S., Koop, M. A., Coppieters, M. W., Lutke Schipholt, I. J., Radisic, N., Hooijmans, C. R., & Scholten-Peeters, G. G. M. (2023) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.22757206

Additional file 1 of Phenylpropanoid-enriched broccoli seedling extract can reduce inflammatory markers and pain behavior

Gurgul, A. A., Najjar, Y., Chee, A., An, H., Che, C., Park, T. J., & Warpeha, K. M. (2023) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.24873015

Role of neutrophils in the meninges for the development of neuropathic pain

Castro, R. D. S. (2024) · LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas)

Evaluation of the Effects of the Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Properties of Aloperine on Recovery in an Experimental Sciatic Nerve Injury Model

Ertanıdır, M., Ertaş, E. S., Güleç, A., Öztürk, B., Ünlükal, N., & Çiftçi, S. (2026) · Antioxidants · doi:10.3390/antiox15010126

Oncostatin M promotes chronic pain through direct regulation on nociceptors in rats

Li, Y., Uhelski, M. L., North, R. Y., Elahi, H., Corrales, G., Abercrombie, T. J., Sheffield, K. N., Marri, T., Price, T. J., & Dougherty, P. M. (2026) · Pain · doi:10.1097/j.pain.0000000000003922

Neuroinflammation in the nerve roots and dorsal root ganglion decreases following 6 weeks of neural tissue management: PET/CT imaging findings in a patient with painful cervical radiculopathy

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