Methylation of the oxytocin receptor gene in clinically depressed patients compared to controls: The role of OXTR rs53576 genotype
Abstract
The emerging field of epigenetics provides a biological basis for gene-environment interactions relevant to depression. We focus on DNA methylation of exon 1 and 2 of the oxytocin receptor gene (OXTR) promoter. The research aims of the current study were to compare OXTR DNA methylation of depressed patients with healthy control subjects and to investigate possible influences of the OXTR rs53576 genotype. The sample of the present study consisted of 43 clinically depressed women recruited from a psychosomatic inpatient unit and 42 healthy, female control subjects - mean age 30 years (SD = 9). DNA methylation profiles of the OXTR gene were assessed from leukocyte DNA by means of bisulfite sequencing. Depressed female patients had decreased OXTR exon 1 DNA methylation compared to non-depressed women. The association between depression and methylation level was moderated by OXTR rs53576 genotype. Exon 2 methylation was associated with OXTR rs53576 genotype but not with depression. Our findings suggest exon-specific methylation mechanisms. Exon 1 methylation appears to be associated with depressive phenotypes whereas exon 2 methylation is influenced by genotype. Previously reported divergent associations between OXTR genotype and depression might be explained by varying exon 1 methylation. In order to further understand the etiology of depression, research on the interplay between genotype, environmental influences and exon-specific methylation patterns is needed.
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DNA methylation of Oxtr differs between brain regions in rodents.
“DNA methylation of Oxtr differs between brain regions in rodents (65, 66).”
From Variation in the Oxytocin Receptor Gene Predicts Brain Region–Specific Expression and Social Attachment (2016) · cites this paper as [66]
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- Authors
- Reiner, I., Van IJzendoorn, M. H., Bakermans-Kranenburg, M. J., Bleich, S., Beutel, M., & Frieling, H.
- Affiliations
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz (DE)
- Medizinische Hochschule Hannover (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Reiner, I.
- Venue
- Journal of Psychiatric Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2015-06
- Volume
- 65
- Pages
- 9-15
- ISSN
- 0022-3956 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1969736791
- Cited by
- 83
- References
- 48
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 4
- FWCI
- 4.92
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Psychiatric Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Leiden Repository (Leiden University) (submittedVersion)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Keywords
- oxytocin receptor gene, oxytocin receptor, DNA methylation, depression, promoter methylation, gene-environment interaction, epigenetics, women, leukocyte DNA
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Depression, Exons, Female, Genotype, Humans, Middle Aged, Linear Models, Receptors, Oxytocin, DNA Methylation, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
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