Dimensionality of the Whiteley Index: Assessment of hypochondriasis in an Australian sample of primary care patients
Abstract
Objective The Whiteley Index (WI) is a widely used instrument for measuring hypochondriacal worries and beliefs. Several studies explored the structural validity of the WI obtaining contrary results concerning the number of factors as well as the item composition. The main aim of this study is to compare factor solutions from previous studies to draw conclusions about the most valid scale model of the WI for administration in primary care.Methods Weighted least squares (WLS) confirmatory factor analyses of the WI were conducted. The sample in study consisted of 1800 patients from primary care practices. Seven different models were compared, including single- and three-factor conceptualisations.Results A seven-item, single-factor model best described the data, while three-factor models were clearly inadequate.Conclusions Results support a one-dimensional conceptualisation of the WI and suggest a certain subscale of the WI, the WI-7, to constitute the most psychometrically sound scale for use as a screening instrument for hypochondriasis in primary care. In addition to psychometric considerations, the brevity and simplicity of the WI-7 also make it attractive as a screening tool in the context of primary care. A cutoff score of 2/3, calculated on the basis of general practitioners' diagnoses, yielded the best balance of sensitivity and specificity in the present study.
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Whiteley-7 has good sensitivity and specificity in screening for DSM-IV hypochondriasis.
“and good sensitivity and specificity in screening for DSM-IV hypochondriasis [69].”
From Feasibility of group-based acceptance and commitment therapy for adolescents (AHEAD) with multiple functional somatic syndromes: A pilot study (2020) · cites this paper as [69]
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- Authors
- Conradt, M., Cavanagh, M., Franklin, J., & Rief, W.
- Affiliations
- Philipps University of Marburg (DE)
- The University of Sydney (AU)
- Macquarie University (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Conradt, Matthias
- Venue
- Journal of Psychosomatic Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2006-02
- Volume
- 60
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 137-143
- ISSN
- 0022-3999 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2165659936
- Cited by
- 104
- References
- 35
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 1.91
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Psychosomatic Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Psychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Keywords
- Whiteley Index, health anxiety, factor structure, confirmatory factor analysis, primary care patients, screening tool, cut-off values, sensitivity and specificity, general practitioners
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Anxiety, Australia, Family Practice, Female, Humans, Hypochondriasis, Interview, Psychological, Male, Mass Screening, Middle Aged, Personality Assessment, Personality Inventory, Primary Health Care, Psychometrics, Sick Role, Reproducibility of Results
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