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Cited by 144Nutrition and Health in AgingMuscle metabolism and nutritionMuscle Physiology and Disorders

Nutritional strategies for maintaining muscle mass and strength from middle age to later life: A narrative review

Cruz-Jentoft, Alfonso J., Dawson Hughes, Bess, Scott, David, Sanders, Kerrie M., Rizzoli, Rene·2020·Maturitas
DOI 10.1016/j.maturitas.2019.11.007
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Abstract

Progressive age-related reductions in muscle mass and strength (sarcopenia) can cause substantial morbidity. This narrative review summarizes evidence of nutritional interventions for maintaining muscle mass and strength from midlife through old age. PubMed and Cochrane databases were searched to identify studies of dietary intake and nutritional interventions for sustaining muscle mass and strength. The benefits of progressive resistance training with and without dietary interventions are well documented. Protein and amino acid (particularly leucine) intake should be considered, and supplementation may be warranted for those not meeting recommended intakes. Vitamin D receptors are expressed in muscle tissue; meta-analyses have shown that vitamin D benefits muscle strength. Data suggest that milk and other dairy products containing different bioactive compounds (i.e. protein, leucine) can enhance muscle protein synthesis, particularly when combined with resistance exercise. Omega-3 s can improve muscle mass and strength by mediating cell signaling and inflammation-related oxidative damage; no studies were specifically conducted in sarcopenia. Low-dose antioxidants (e.g. vitamins C and E) can protect muscle tissue from oxidative damage, but relevant studies are limited. Magnesium is involved with muscle contraction processes, and data have shown benefits to muscle strength. Acidogenic diets increase muscle protein breakdown, which is exacerbated by aging. Alkalizing compounds…

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  • Muscle function tests are sensitive indicators of nutritional status and effective tools for monitoring nutritional interventions.

    “Muscle function tests are sensitive indicators of nutritional status and effective tools for monitoring nutritional interventions [126].”

    From The Seven Methods for the Evaluation of Nutritional Status—ABCDEFG: Narrative Review (2026) · cites this paper as [126]

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Authors
Cruz-Jentoft, A. J., Dawson Hughes, B., Scott, D., Sanders, K. M., & Rizzoli, R.
Affiliations
  • Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (ES)
  • Monash Medical Centre (AU)
  • The University of Melbourne (AU)
Corresponding author
  • Cruz-Jentoft, Alfonso J.
  • Scott, David
  • Sanders, Kerrie M.
ORCID
Venue
Maturitas
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2020-02
Volume
132
Pages
57-64
ISSN
0378-5122 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.maturitas.2019.11.007
OpenAlex
W2990615003
Cited by
144
References
20
Citations by year
2026: 16 · 2025: 26 · 2024: 23 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 28 · 2021: 25 · 2020: 9
FWCI
1.82
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
Locations
  • Maturitas (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
Pfizer Consumer Healthcare
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Nutrition and Health in Aging
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Muscle Physiology and Disorders
Keywords
sarcopenia, muscle mass, muscle strength, aging, dietary intervention, resistance training, protein intake, leucine, amino acids, vitamin D, dairy products, omega-3 fatty acids, antioxidants, magnesium, acidogenic diet, probiotics, plant extracts, muscle protein synthesis, muscle protein degradation
MeSH terms
Aged, Amino Acids, Antioxidants, Diet, Dietary Proteins, Humans, Middle Aged, Muscle Proteins, Vitamin D, Fatty Acids, Omega-3, Muscle, Skeletal, Dietary Supplements, Probiotics, Muscle Strength, Sarcopenia, Phytochemicals

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