Cited by 97Muscle metabolism and nutritionAmino Acid Enzymes and MetabolismMuscle Physiology and Disorders

Soy-dairy protein blend and whey protein ingestion after resistance exercise increases amino acid transport and transporter expression in human skeletal muscle

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Reidy, P. T., Walker, D. K., Dickinson, J. M., Gundermann, D. M., Drummond, M. J., Timmerman, K. L., Cope, M. B., Mukherjea, R. +3 more·2014·Journal of Applied Physiology

Abstract

Increasing amino acid availability (via infusion or ingestion) at rest or postexercise enhances amino acid transport into human skeletal muscle. It is unknown whether alterations in amino acid availability, from ingesting different dietary proteins, can enhance amino acid transport rates and amino acid transporter (AAT) mRNA expression. We hypothesized that the prolonged hyperaminoacidemia from ingesting a blend of proteins with different digestion rates postexercise would enhance amino acid transport into muscle and AAT expression compared with the ingestion of a rapidly digested protein. In a double-blind, randomized clinical trial, we studied 16 young adults at rest and after acute resistance exercise coupled with postexercise (1 h) ingestion of either a (soy-dairy) protein blend or whey protein. Phenylalanine net balance and transport rate into skeletal muscle were measured using stable isotopic methods in combination with femoral arteriovenous blood sampling and muscle biopsies obtained at rest and 3 and 5 h postexercise. Phenylalanine transport into muscle and mRNA expression of select AATs [system L amino acid transporter 1/solute-linked carrier (SLC) 7A5, CD98/SLC3A2, system A amino acid transporter 2/SLC38A2, proton-assisted amino acid transporter 1/SLC36A1, cationic amino acid transporter 1/SLC7A1] increased to a similar extent in both groups (P < 0.05). However, the ingestion of the protein blend resulted in a prolonged and positive net phenylalanine balance during postexercise recovery compared with whey protein (P < 0.05). Postexercise myofibrillar protein synthesis increased similarly between groups. We conclude that, while both protein sources enhanced postexercise AAT expression, transport into muscle, and myofibrillar protein synthesis, postexercise ingestion of a protein blend results in a slightly prolonged net amino acid balance across the leg compared with whey protein.

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Crossref · 10.1152/japplphysiol.01093.2013

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  • Ingestion of a protein blend resulted in a positive and prolonged amino acid balance when compared to ingestion of whey protein alone, while post-exercise rates of myofibrillar protein synthesis were similar between the two conditions.

    “A follow-up publication from the same clinical trial also reported that ingestion of the protein blend resulted in a positive and prolonged amino acid balance when compared to ingestion of whey protein alone, while post-exercise rates of myofibrillar protein synthesis were similar between the two conditions [196].”
  • Two studies of a protein blend (20 g) containing 25% whey protein isolate, 25% soy protein isolate, and 50% sodium caseinate can promote MPS to a level equivalent to whey protein alone and may be associated with more prolonged positive amino acid net balance compared with whey protein.

    “two studies of a protein blend (20 g) containing 25% whey protein isolate, 25% soy protein isolate, and 50% sodium caseinate can promote MPS to a level equivalent to whey protein alone and may be associated with more prolonged positive amino acid net balance (i.e., arteriovenous differences in the leg) compared with whey protein [127,128].”

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Authors
Reidy, P. T., Walker, D. K., Dickinson, J. M., Gundermann, D. M., Drummond, M. J., Timmerman, K. L., Cope, M. B., Mukherjea, R., Jennings, K., Volpi, E., & Rasmussen, B. B.
Affiliations
  • The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston (US)
  • DuPont (United States) (US)
Corresponding author
Rasmussen, B. B.
Venue
Journal of Applied Physiology
Published
2014-06-01
Volume
116
Issue
11
Pages
1353-1364
ISSN
  • 0161-7567 (ISSN-L)
  • 8750-7587
  • 1522-1601
OpenAlex
W2162315546
Cited by
97
References
67
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 5
FWCI
6.15
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Journal of Applied Physiology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health (UL1TR000071)
  • National Institute on Aging (P30AG024832)
  • National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (R01AR049877)
  • National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences
  • Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (T32-HD-07539, T32HD007539)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biochemistry › Amino Acid Enzymes and Metabolism
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Muscle Physiology and Disorders
Keywords
whey protein, amino acid transport, amino acid transporters, resistance training, skeletal muscle, hyperaminoacidemia, myofibrillar protein synthesis, SLC7A5, SLC3A2, SLC38A2, SLC36A1, SLC7A1
MeSH terms
Whey Proteins, Administration, Oral, Adult, Amino Acids, Dietary Proteins, Double-Blind Method, Eating, Female, Humans, Male, Milk Proteins, Up-Regulation, Muscle, Skeletal, Amino Acid Transport Systems, Soybean Proteins, Resistance Training, Young Adult

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