Do DNA Double-Strand Breaks Drive Aging?
Open accessAbstract
DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are rare, but highly toxic, lesions requiring orchestrated and conserved machinery to prevent adverse consequences, such as cell death and cancer-causing genome structural mutations. DSBs trigger the DNA damage response (DDR) that directs a cell to repair the break, undergo apoptosis, or become senescent. There is increasing evidence that the various endpoints of DSB processing by different cells and tissues are part of the aging phenotype, with each stage of the DDR associated with specific aging pathologies. In this Perspective, we discuss the possibility that DSBs are major drivers of intrinsic aging, highlighting the dynamics of spontaneous DSBs in relation to aging, the distinct age-related pathologies induced by DSBs, and the segmental progeroid phenotypes in humans and mice with genetic defects in DSB repair. A model is presented as to how DSBs could drive some of the basic mechanisms underlying age-related functional decline and death.
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Ageing is consistently associated with increased DNA damage response in proliferating and non-proliferating cells, contributing to senescent cell accumulation with age.
“Ageing is one of the factors that is consistently associated with an increase in DDR in proliferating and non-proliferating cells, thus contributing significantly to the accumulation of senescent cells with age35,89”
From Cellular senescence in ageing: from mechanisms to therapeutic opportunities (2021) · cites this paper as [89]
In “DSBs, DSB processing and aging” (page unavailable), the paper reports that DNA-damage-associated γH2AX foci increase with age in multiple tissues, including fibroblasts and brain, and in senescent cells. The Abstract says DSB-triggered DDR can lead to senescence. But the paper does not establish that DDR activity consistently increases in both proliferating and non-proliferating cells or that this significantly causes senescent-cell accumulation; “DSB processing and repair as a function of age” also describes declines in some damage responses. (LLM, conf=0.85)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredDuring ageing, terminally differentiated cells can accumulate persistent DNA damage and DDR markers.
“during ageing terminally differentiated cells can accumulate persistent DNA damage and DDR markers35,89”
From Cellular senescence in ageing: from mechanisms to therapeutic opportunities (2021) · cites this paper as [89]
In “DSBs, DSB processing and aging” (page unavailable), the paper reports that persistent γH2AX foci, a DNA-damage-response marker, increase with age in several cells and tissues, including brain and liver. It also says unrepaired DSBs may accumulate with age, but does not establish that the observed foci represent unrepaired DNA damage or specifically identify terminally differentiated cells as the affected population. (LLM, conf=0.82)
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- Authors
- White, R. R., & Vijg, J.
- Affiliations
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine (US)
- Corresponding author
- White, Ryan R.
- Vijg, Jan
- Venue
- Molecular Cell
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2016-09
- Volume
- 63
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 729-738
- ISSN
- 1097-2765 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5012315
- OpenAlex
- W2513448306
- Cited by
- 232
- References
- 101
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 21 · 2024: 25 · 2023: 22 · 2022: 32 · 2021: 31 · 2020: 26 · 2019: 26 · 2018: 19 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 4
- FWCI
- 1.90
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Molecular Cell (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- Glenn Foundation for Medical Research
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute on Aging (P01AG017242, P01AG047200)
- National Cancer Institute (R01CA180126)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › DNA Repair Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Aging › Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Telomeres, Telomerase, and Senescence
- Keywords
- DNA double-strand breaks, aging, DNA damage response, DNA repair, cellular senescence, apoptosis, spontaneous DNA damage, age-related diseases, progeroid phenotype, age-related functional decline
- MeSH terms
- Ku Autoantigen, MRE11 Homologue Protein, Aging, Animals, DNA, DNA Repair, DNA-Binding Proteins, Endonucleases, Gene Expression Regulation, Humans, Models, Genetic, Nuclear Proteins, Progeria, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Signal Transduction, Cellular Senescence, Acid Anhydride Hydrolases, Cell Cycle Proteins, BRCA1 Protein, DNA Repair Enzymes, Mice, DNA Breaks, Double-Stranded
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