Global and regional gray matter reductions in ADHD: A voxel-based morphometric study
Abstract
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a developmental disorder characterized by inattentiveness, motor hyperactivity and impulsivity. According to neuroimaging data, the neural substrate underlying ADHD seems to involve fronto-striatal circuits and the cerebellum. However, there are important discrepancies between various studies, probably due to the use of different techniques. The aim of this study is to examine cerebral gray (GM) and white (WM) matter abnormalities in a group of ADHD children using a voxel-based morphometry protocol. The sample consisted of 25 children/adolescents with DSM-IV TR diagnosis of ADHD (medicated, aged 6-16 years) who were compared with 25 healthy volunteer children/adolescents. ADHD brains on an average showed a global volume decrease of 5.4% as compared to controls. Additionally, there were regionally specific effects in the left fronto-parietal areas (left motor, premotor and somatosensory cortex), left cingulate cortex (anterior/middle/posterior cingulate), parietal lobe (precuneus bilaterally), temporal cortices (right middle temporal gyrus, left parahippocampal gyrus), and the cerebellum (bilateral posterior). There were no differences in WM volume between ADHD children and control subjects. The results are consistent with previous studies that used different techniques, and may represent a possible neural basis for some of the motor and attentional deficits commonly found in ADHD.
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The paper's novel results fit with prior voxel-based morphometric findings of diminished volume or decreased cortical thickness in precuneus and PCC in ADHD.
“Of note, these novel results fit with the three unbiased voxel-based morphometric findings of diminished volume (30, 31) or decreased cortical thickness (32) in precuneus and PCC in ADHD.”
From Cingulate-Precuneus Interactions: A New Locus of Dysfunction in Adult Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (2008) · cites this paper as [31]
These incomplete maturations in frontal, temporal, parietal, and limbic structures are in agreement with previous findings on cerebral and cerebellar volumetric reductions associated with ADHD in children and adolescents.
“These incomplete maturations in frontal, temporal, parietal, and limbic structures are in agreement with previous findings on cerebral and cerebellar volumetric reductions associated with ADHD in children and adolescents [7, 46].”
From The brain anatomy of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in young adults—a magnetic resonance imaging study (2017) · cites this paper as [46]
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- Authors
- Carmona, S., Vilarroya, O., Bielsa, A., Trèmols, V., Soliva, J. C., Rovira, M., Tomàs, J., Raheb, C., Gispert, J. D., Batlle, S., & Bulbena, A.
- Affiliations
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (ES)
- Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari (ES)
- Barcelona Biomedical Research Park (ES)
- Institut Municipal d'Assistència Sanitària (ES)
- Venue
- Neuroscience Letters
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2005-12
- Volume
- 389
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 88-93
- ISSN
- 0304-3940 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2035193033
- Cited by
- 285
- References
- 10
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 18 · 2012: 23
- FWCI
- 7.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Neuroscience Letters (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology › Developmental and Educational Neuropsychology
- Keywords
- attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, gray matter reduction, white matter abnormalities, brain volume, cerebellum, cingulate cortex, precuneus, frontoparietal cortex, children and adolescents, frontostriatal circuits
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Central Nervous System Stimulants, Atrophy, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Brain, Brain Mapping, Cerebellum, Child, Female, Frontal Lobe, Gyrus Cinguli, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Functional Laterality, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Methylphenidate, Nervous System Malformations, Parietal Lobe, Temporal Lobe, Parahippocampal Gyrus
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