Quantitative magnetic resonance imaging of the brain in survivors of very low birth weight
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BACKGROUND: Children who survive very low birth weight (VLBW) without major disability have a high prevalence of learning difficulty, attention deficit, and dyspraxia. AIMS: To determine whether learning difficulty in children with VLBW is associated with structural brain abnormalities. METHODS: A total of 87 children (aged 15-16 years) with a history of VLBW (<1500 g) and eight age matched full term controls have been studied with detailed magnetic resonance brain scans. Volume measurements of the caudate nuclei and hippocampal formations were made. RESULTS: Scans in 42.5% of the children showed evidence of perinatal brain injury. There was no significant difference in IQ, dyspraxia, or attention deficit between children with qualitatively normal and abnormal scans. However, quantitative volumetric analysis showed that children with a low IQ had smaller volume measurements for the right caudate nucleus and left hippocampus, and a smaller hippocampal ratio (left volume:right volume) than those with normal IQ. CONCLUSION: Data suggest that learning disorder, attention deficit, and dyspraxia in children who survive VLBW do not correlate with conventional markers of perinatal brain injury, and may be related to global brain growth and the development of key structures, such as the caudate nuclei and hippocampal formations.
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In humans, low birth weight and preterm birth are linked to regional brain volume changes.
“Thus, low birth weight as well as preterm birth have been related to changes in regional brain volumes (e.g. Peterson et al., 2000; Abernethy et al., 2002; Nosarti et al., 2002; Huizink et al., 2004; Buss et al., 2007; Beauchamp et al., 2008).”
From High pregnancy anxiety during mid-gestation is associated with decreased gray matter density in 6-9-year-old children. (2010) · cites this paper as Abernethy et al., 2002
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- Authors
- Abernethy, L. J.
- Affiliations
- Alder Hey Children's Hospital (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Abernethy, L J
- ORCID
- Abernethy, L J
- Venue
- Archives of Disease in Childhood
- Publisher
- BMJ
- Published
- 2002-10-01
- Volume
- 87
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 279-283
- ISSN
- 0003-9888 (ISSN-L)
- 1468-2044
- PMC
- PMC1763037
- OpenAlex
- W2117040053
- Cited by
- 157
- References
- 36
- Citations by year
- 2025: 3 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 7.87
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Archives of Disease in Childhood (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- HighWire Press Open Archive (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Medical Research Council
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Neonatal and fetal brain pathology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Infant Development and Preterm Care
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Fetal and Pediatric Neurological Disorders
- Keywords
- very low birth weight, perinatal brain injury, learning difficulties, attention deficits, developmental coordination disorder, caudate nucleus, hippocampus, brain volumetry, IQ
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Apraxias, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Birth Injuries, Brain, Brain Injuries, Caudate Nucleus, Follow-Up Studies, Hippocampus, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Premature, Intelligence, Learning Disabilities, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Prospective Studies, Infant, Very Low Birth Weight
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