Intergenerational Effect of Maternal Exposure to Childhood Maltreatment on Newborn Brain Anatomy
Open accessAbstract
Background Childhood maltreatment (CM) confers deleterious long-term consequences, and growing evidence suggests some of these effects may be transmitted across generations. We examined the intergenerational effect of maternal CM exposure on child brain structure and also addressed the hypothesis that this effect may start during the child's intrauterine period of life.Methods A prospective longitudinal study was conducted in a clinical convenience sample of 80 mother-child dyads. Maternal CM exposure was assessed using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire. Structural magnetic resonance imaging was employed to characterize newborn global and regional brain (tissue) volumes near the time of birth.Results CM exposure was reported by 35% of the women. Maternal CM exposure was associated with lower child intracranial volume (F 1,70 = 6.84, p = .011), which was primarily due to a global difference in cortical gray matter (F 1,70 = 9.10, p = .004). The effect was independent of potential confounding variables, including maternal socioeconomic status, obstetric complications, obesity, recent interpersonal violence, pre- and early postpartum stress, gestational age at birth, infant sex, and postnatal age at magnetic resonance imaging scan. The observed group difference between offspring of CM-exposed mothers versus nonexposed mothers was 6%.Conclusions These findings represent the first report to date associating maternal CM exposure with variation in newborn brain structure. These observations support our hypothesis of intergenerational transmission of the effects of maternal CM exposure on child brain development and suggest this effect may originate during the child's intrauterine period of life, which may have downstream neurodevelopmental consequences.
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Maternal exposure to child abuse was associated with smaller intracranial volume, due to differences in cortical gray matter, in newborns examined within two weeks of birth.
“In another study, maternal exposure to child abuse was associated with smaller intracranial volume, due to differences in cortical gray matter, in newborns examined within two weeks of birth 75 .”
From Intergenerational transmission of trauma effects: putative role of epigenetic mechanisms (2018) · cites this paper as [75]
The Results (Global brain and tissue volumes; page unavailable) associate maternal childhood maltreatment with smaller newborn intracranial volume, principally reflecting lower cortical gray-matter volume. But the Methods (Procedures; page unavailable) report scans at 5–64 days after birth, with a mean of 26 days—not within two weeks. The exposure measure also included childhood neglect as well as abuse. (LLM, conf=0.93)
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- Authors
- Moog, N. K., Entringer, S., Rasmussen, J. M., Styner, M., Gilmore, J. H., Kathmann, N., Heim, C. M., Wadhwa, P. D., & Buss, C.
- Affiliations
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin (DE)
- University of California, Irvine (US)
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
- Corresponding author
- Buss, Claudia
- ORCID
- Venue
- Biological Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2018-01
- Volume
- 83
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 120-127
- ISSN
- 0006-3223 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5723537
- OpenAlex
- W2737148630
- Cited by
- 189
- References
- 61
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 21 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 25 · 2022: 29 · 2021: 24 · 2020: 27 · 2019: 21 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 1
- FWCI
- 21.65
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Biological Psychiatry (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Carolina Digital Repository (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill) (submittedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- UNC Libraries
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (R01 HD-060628, UG3 OD-O23349, R01 MH-091351, CB, R01 MH-105538)
- U.S. Public Health Service
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Birth, Development, and Health
- Keywords
- child abuse, intergenerational transmission, maternal exposure, brain tissue volume, intrauterine period, brain development, mother-child dyads, prenatal stress
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Brain, Female, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Longitudinal Studies, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Mother-Child Relations, Mothers, Organ Size, Pregnancy, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects, Prospective Studies, Maternal Exposure, Adult Survivors of Child Abuse
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