The neurobehavioral mechanisms of motivational control in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
Abstract
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) poses debilitating impairments in the neurobehavioral systems governing reward-related processes-key to the control of motivated behaviors. Individuals with ADHD may rely on a motivational control system that favors cue-driven habits-rooted in the posterior putamen-over caudate and prefrontal cortex-driven goal-directed behaviors. We examined the neurobehavioral correlates of motivational control in ADHD. Twenty-five adults with ADHD and 25 neurotypicals underwent fMRI while training on two stimulus-response-outcome associations. A devaluation procedure followed, whereby they were selectively satiated on one of the snack outcomes, decreasing its value. A subsequent extinction test determined outcome-sensitivity (i.e., whether responses towards devalued snack diminished). Despite behavioral similarities, the ADHD group displayed a distinct neural signature marked by enhanced posterior putamen activation as a function of training. This region also displayed diminished functional connectivity with the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, which is associated with top-down control. Our whole-brain analysis yielded ADHD-specific posterior putamen and opercular/insular cortex activity over the course of training-regions associated with stimulus-sensitivity and maladaptively rigid behaviors, respectively. Neural comparisons also identified hyper-recruitment of the hippocampus in the ADHD group. These results highlight corticostriatal discrepancies in ADHD, possibly serving as a biomarker of the disorder.
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Attitudes, habits, and behavior change
Verplanken, B., & Orbell, S. (2022) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev-psych-020821-011744 · Cited by 368 · see citing works
- Authors
- Ceceli, A. O., Natsheh, J. Y., Cruz, D., & Tricomi, E.
- Affiliations
- Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey (US)
- Kessler Foundation (US)
- Corresponding author
- Tricomi, Elizabeth
- Venue
- Cortex
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2020-06
- Volume
- 127
- Pages
- 191-207
- ISSN
- 0010-9452 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3007888665
- Cited by
- 9
- References
- 109
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 1
- FWCI
- 1.10
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Cortex (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Keywords
- attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, motivational control, reward processing, posterior putamen, dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, corticostriatal circuits, currency devaluation, outcome sensitivity, extinction, stimulus-response associations, hippocampus, insula, goal-directed behavior, top-down control, neural markers
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Brain, Brain Mapping, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Motivation
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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