Widespread Cortical Thinning Is a Robust Anatomical Marker for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Open accessAbstract
Objective This cross-sectional study sought to confirm the presence and regional profile of previously reported changes in laminar cortical thickness in children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) compared with typically developing control subjects.Method High-resolution magnetic resonance images were obtained from 22 (19 male and 3 female subjects; mean age 11.7 years) children and adolescents with ADHD and 22 age- and sex-matched control subjects (mean age 11.7 years). Brain tissue volumes were estimated for each subject. Cortical pattern matching methods were used to sample measures of laminar thickness at high spatial frequency across homologous regions of the cortex. Volume and thickness measures were compared across diagnostic groups with and without controlling for general intelligence. False discovery rate correction confirmed regional results.Results The subjects with ADHD exhibited significant reductions in overall brain volume, gray matter volume, and mean cortical thickness compared with the controls, whereas white matter volumes were significantly increased in ADHD. Highly significant cortical thinning (false discovery rate-corrected p < .0006) was observed over large areas of the frontal, temporal, parietal, and occipital association cortices and aspects of motor cortex but not within the primary sensory regions.Conclusions Cortical thickness reductions present a robust neuroanatomical marker for child and adolescent ADHD. Observations of widespread cortical thinning expand on earlier cross-sectional findings and provide further evidence to support that the neurobiological underpinnings of ADHD extend beyond prefrontal and subcortical circuits.
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8-year-old children with ADHD and histories of institutional rearing had widespread cortical thinning similar to what has been described in children with ADHD without histories of deprivation.
“Using structural imaging, recent data from BEIP (McLaughlin et al, 2013) demonstrated that 8-year-old children with ADHD and histories of institutional rearing had widespread cortical thinning similar to what has been described in children with ADHD without histories of deprivation (Narr et al, 2009;Shaw et al, 2006).”
From Deviations from the expectable environment in early childhood and emerging psychopathology (2015) · cites this paper as Narr et al, 2009
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- Authors
- Narr, K. L., Woods, R. P., Lin, J., Kim, J., Phillips, O. R., Del'Homme, M., Caplan, R., Toga, A. W., McCracken, J. T., & Levitt, J. G.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- Corresponding author
- Narr, Katherine L.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2009-10
- Volume
- 48
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 1014-1022
- ISSN
- 0890-8567 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC2891193
- OpenAlex
- W2056535750
- Cited by
- 168
- References
- 60
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 17
- FWCI
- 6.80
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH073990, P01MH063357, K01MH073990)
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (N01-NS 92315)
- National Center for Research Resources (P41RR013642, (M01 RR00865), M01RR000865, U54RR021813)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Keywords
- attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, cortical thinning, cortical thickness, brain volume, gray matter volume, white matter volume, association cortex, motor cortex, neuroanatomical markers, children and adolescents
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Brain Mapping, Cerebral Cortex, Child, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Organ Size, Reference Values, Imaging, Three-Dimensional
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