PET imaging of synaptic density: A new tool for investigation of neuropsychiatric diseases
Open accessAbstract
Synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2A (SV2A) is expressed ubiquitously in neurons of the central nervous system, and is the binding target of the anti-epileptic drug levetiracetam. Because of the availability of positron emission tomography (PET) ligands targeting SV2A, there is increasing enthusiasm on the use of SV2A PET to study a variety of neuropsychiatric diseases. This review discusses the recent development of radioligands for PET imaging of SV2A and their potential use in the research and diagnosis of CNS diseases.
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PET targeting SV2A has matured into a practical readout of synaptic density in vivo, with 11C and 18F ligands enabling cross-species translation.
“PET targeting SV2A has matured into a practical readout of synaptic density in vivo, with carbon-11 (11C) and fluorine-18 (18F) ligands enabling cross-species translation [206,207,208].”
From Synaptic Plasticity—Intrinsic Excitability and Antidepressant Discovery (2026) · cites this paper as [207]
The Introduction says SV2A PET makes in vivo imaging of synaptic density possible. The Development section describes carbon-11 and fluorine-18 ligands tested in nonhuman primates and translated to human studies, but says the tested 18F ligand had low specific binding and newer 18F tracers were only entering first-in-human evaluation. The Perspectives section also calls clinical utility largely speculative, so the claim overstates how mature and practical the approach was. (LLM, conf=0.85)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredQuantification of radiotracer binding to SV2A does correlate with measures of synaptic vesicle number and expression of other pre-synaptic proteins classically used in postmortem and in vitro work.
“quantification of radiotracer binding to SV2A does correlate with measures of synaptic vesicle number [8,9,69,70] and expression of other pre-synaptic proteins classically used in postmortem and in vitro work (e.g., synaptophysin, synapsin).”
From Challenges and rewards of in vivo synaptic density imaging, and its application to the study of depression (2025) · cites this paper as [69]
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- Authors
- Cai, Z., Li, S., Matuskey, D., Nabulsi, N., & Huang, Y.
- Affiliations
- Yale University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Cai, Zhengxin
- Venue
- Neuroscience Letters
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2019-01
- Volume
- 691
- Pages
- 44-50
- ISSN
- 0304-3940 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6339829
- OpenAlex
- W2886663110
- Cited by
- 131
- References
- 95
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 19 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 24 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 1
- FWCI
- 1.23
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Neuroscience Letters (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- NIH
- Yale internal funds
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry and Applications
- Keywords
- SV2A, PET radiotracer, levetiracetam, neuropsychiatric disorders, central nervous system disorders, neuroimaging biomarkers
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Mental Disorders, Brain, Carbon Radioisotopes, Fluorine Radioisotopes, Humans, Ligands, Membrane Glycoproteins, Nerve Tissue Proteins, Synapses, Positron-Emission Tomography
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