Quasi-periodic patterns contribute to functional connectivity in the brain
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Abstract
Functional connectivity is widely used to study the coordination of activity between brain regions over time. Functional connectivity in the default mode and task positive networks is particularly important for normal brain function. However, the processes that give rise to functional connectivity in the brain are not fully understood. It has been postulated that low-frequency neural activity plays a key role in establishing the functional architecture of the brain. Quasi-periodic patterns (QPPs) are a reliably observable form of low-frequency neural activity that involve the default mode and task positive networks. Here, QPPs from resting-state and working memory task-performing individuals were acquired. The spatiotemporal pattern, strength, and frequency of the QPPs between the two groups were compared and the contribution of QPPs to functional connectivity in the brain was measured. In task-performing individuals, the spatiotemporal pattern of the QPP changes, particularly in task-relevant regions, and the QPP tends to occur with greater strength and frequency. Differences in the QPPs between the two groups could partially account for the variance in functional connectivity between resting-state and task-performing individuals. The QPPs contribute strongly to connectivity in the default mode and task positive networks and to the strength of anti-correlation seen between the two networks. Many of the connections affected by QPPs are also disrupted during several neurological disorders. These findings contribute to understanding the dynamic neural processes that give rise to functional connectivity in the brain and how they may be disrupted during disease.
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Electrophysiological infraslow fluctuations are believed to coordinate large-scale intrinsic connectivity network organization and long-range information exchange.
“and are believed to coordinate large-scale ICN organization and long-range information exchange [68, 83–91].”
From Infraslow closed-loop brain training for anxiety and depression (ISAD): a protocol for a randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled pilot trial in adult females with internalizing disorders (2022) · cites this paper as [83]
The Introduction says infra-slow activity appears relevant to functional connectivity between distant brain regions and that low-frequency neural dynamics could provide a framework for organizing functional systems. It does not establish that these fluctuations coordinate long-range information exchange; functional connectivity alone does not demonstrate information exchange. Page numbers are unavailable in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.82)
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- Authors
- Abbas, A., Belloy, M., Kashyap, A., Billings, J., Nezafati, M., Schumacher, E. H., & Keilholz, S.
- Affiliations
- Emory University (US)
- University of Antwerp (BE)
- Georgia Institute of Technology (US)
- Corresponding author
- Keilholz, Shella
- ORCID
- Venue
- NeuroImage
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2019-05
- Volume
- 191
- Pages
- 193-204
- ISSN
- 1053-8119 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6440826
- OpenAlex
- W2951629723
- Cited by
- 81
- References
- 67
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 3
- FWCI
- 2.81
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
- www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
- www.elsevier.com/open-access/userlicense/1.0/ (am, 295 d)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-017 (stm-asf)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-037 (stm-asf)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-012 (stm-asf)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-029 (stm-asf)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-004 (stm-asf)
- Locations
- NeuroImage (acceptedVersion)
- bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (acceptedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- NIH Blueprint for Neuroscience Research
- National Institutes of Health (R01NS078095, 1R01MH111416-01)
- National Science Foundation (1533260)
- McDonnell Center for Systems Neuroscience
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural dynamics and brain function
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
- Keywords
- quasiperiodic patterns, functional connectivity, default mode network, task-positive network, resting state, working memory, anticorrelation, spatiotemporal patterns, neurological disorders
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Brain, Brain Mapping, Female, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Male, Nerve Net, Neural Pathways, Young Adult
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