Connecting the Dots: A Review of Resting Connectivity MRI Studies in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Open accessAbstract
Psychopathology is increasingly viewed from a circuit perspective in which a disorder stems not from circumscribed anomalies in discrete brain regions, but rather from impairments in distributed neural networks. This focus on neural circuitry has rendered resting state functional connectivity MRI (rs-fcMRI) an increasingly important role in the elucidation of pathophysiology including attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Unlike many other MRI techniques that focus on the properties of discrete brain regions, rs-fcMRI measures the coherence of neural activity across anatomically disparate brain regions, examining the connectivity and organization of neural circuits. In this review, we explore the methods available to investigators using rs-fcMRI techniques, including a discussion of their relative merits and limitations. We then review findings from extant rs-fcMRI studies of ADHD focusing on neural circuits implicated in the disorder, especially the default mode network, cognitive control network, and cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical loops. We conclude by suggesting future directions that may help advance subsequent rs-fcMRI research in ADHD.
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ADHD is commonly associated with other comorbid diseases such as depression, anxiety, and bipolar disorder.
“Moreover, ADHD is commonly associated with other comorbid diseases (depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, etc.) [5]”
From Molecular Characterisation of the Mechanism of Action of Stimulant Drugs Lisdexamfetamine and Methylphenidate on ADHD Neurobiology: A Review (2022) · cites this paper as [5]
The Systematic Review of the Literature section says comorbid disorders are extremely common in ADHD, affecting an estimated 50–70% of individuals. It does not identify depression, anxiety, or bipolar disorder as examples, so the cited paper supports the general association but not the specific list. (LLM, conf=0.88)
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“) [5], and in adult age it is a risk factor for various mental disorders [6, 7].”
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- Authors
- Posner, J., Park, C., & Wang, Z.
- Affiliations
- New York State Psychiatric Institute (US)
- Corresponding author
- Posner, Jonathan
- Venue
- Neuropsychology Review
- Published
- 2014-02-05
- Volume
- 24
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 3-15
- ISSN
- 1040-7308 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-6660
- PMC
- PMC4119002
- OpenAlex
- W1970760001
- Cited by
- 257
- References
- 19
- Citations by year
- 2026: 18 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 27 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 27 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 24 · 2017: 21 · 2016: 27 · 2015: 21 · 2014: 7
- FWCI
- 2.44
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Neuropsychology Review (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- Edwin S. Webster Foundation
- Shire
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH101172, K23MH091249)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Mental Health Research Topics
- Keywords
- attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, resting-state functional connectivity, neural circuits, default mode network, cognitive control network, cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical loop, ADHD pathophysiology, distributed neural networks
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Brain, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Neural Pathways, Rest
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