Brain network dynamics during spontaneous strategy shifts and incremental task optimization
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Abstract
With practice, humans improve their performance in a task by either optimizing a known strategy or discovering a novel, potentially more fruitful strategy. We investigated the neural processes underlying these two fundamental abilities by applying fMRI in a task with two possible alternative strategies. For analysis we combined time-resolved network analysis with Coherence Density Peak Clustering (Allegra et al., 2017), univariate GLM, and multivariate pattern classification. Converging evidence showed that the posterior portion of the default network, i.e. the precuneus and the angular gyrus bilaterally, has a central role in the optimization of the current strategy. These regions encoded the relevant spatial information, increased the strength of local connectivity as well as the long-distance connectivity with other relevant regions in the brain (e.g., visual cortex, dorsal attention network). The connectivity increase was proportional to performance optimization. By contrast, the anterior portion of the default network (i.e. medial prefrontal cortex) and the rostral portion of the fronto-parietal network were associated with new strategy discovery: an early increase of local and long-range connectivity centered on these regions was only observed in the subjects who would later shift to a new strategy. Overall, our findings shed light on the dynamic interactions between regions related to attention and with cognitive control, underlying the balance between strategy exploration and exploitation. Results suggest that the default network, far from being "shut-down" during task performance, has a pivotal role in the background exploration and monitoring of potential alternative courses of action.
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Differences between individuals in task performance are related to patterns of dynamic brain organization.
“Several recent studies have further shown how individual differences in task performance are related to patterns of dynamic brain organization54,55.”
From Cognitive and behavioural flexibility: Neural mechanisms and clinical considerations (2021) · cites this paper as [54]
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Neuroscience Methods for Investigating Brain Plasticity
Verra, L., Renz, F. M., & Schuck, N. W. (2025) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780197677131.013.24
Self-citation
- Authors
- Allegra, M., Seyed-Allaei, S., Schuck, N. W., Amati, D., Laio, A., & Reverberi, C.
- Affiliations
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR)
- Max Planck Institute for Human Development (DE)
- Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati (IT)
- The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP) (IT)
- University of Milano-Bicocca (IT)
- Corresponding author
- Allegra, Michele
- Reverberi, Carlo
- Venue
- NeuroImage
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2020-08
- Volume
- 217
- Pages
- 116854
- ISSN
- 1053-8119 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3018038647
- Cited by
- 27
- References
- 73
- Citations by year
- 2025: 3 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 1
- FWCI
- 2.55
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- NeuroImage (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (acceptedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- SDL (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- HAL AMU (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- BOA (University of Milano-Bicocca) (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- MPG.PuRe (Max Planck Society) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Padua Research Archive (University of Padova) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Horizon 2020
- European Commission (ANR-17-HBPR-0001-02)
- Ministero dell’Istruzione, dell’Università e della Ricerca (PRIN 2010RP5RNM_001)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural dynamics and brain function
- Keywords
- strategy optimization, strategy discovery, strategy switching, default mode network, precuneus, angular gyrus, medial prefrontal cortex, frontoparietal network, dorsal attention network, brain network dynamics, exploration-exploitation balance, cognitive control, attention, multivariate pattern classification
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Algorithms, Attention, Brain, Brain Mapping, Cognition, Decision Making, Exploratory Behavior, Female, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Nerve Net, Neural Pathways, Parietal Lobe, Psychomotor Performance, Prefrontal Cortex, Young Adult, Neuroimaging
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