The DOI matches its Crossref record; 49 of the 49 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Resolving New Memories: A Critical Look at the Dentate Gyrus, Adult Neurogenesis, and Pattern Separation
Open accessAbstract
Recently, investigation of new neurons in memory formation has focused on a specific function-pattern separation. However, it has been difficult to reconcile the form of separation tested in behavioral tasks with how it is conceptualized according to computational and electrophysiology perspectives. Here, we propose a memory resolution hypothesis that considers the unique information contributions of broadly tuned young neurons and highly specific mature neurons and describe how the fidelity of memories can relate to spatial and contextual discrimination. See the related Perspective from Sahay, Wilson, and Hen, "Pattern Separation: A Common Function for New Neurons in Hippocampus and Olfactory Bulb," in this issue of Neuron.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Yet, hippocampal adult neurogenesis is required for learning and memory, in particular for pattern separation, i.e., the ability to disentangle similar memory patterns within the output to CA3; indeed this ability, although inherent to the dentate gyrus circuitry, is strongly enhanced from the addition of new neurons to the existing circuits (Aimone et al., 2011;Sahay et al., 2011;Tirone et al., 2”
From Depression and adult neurogenesis: Positive effects of the antidepressant fluoxetine and of physical exercise (2018) · cites this paper as Aimone et al., 2011
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“The dentate gyrus (DG) subregion of the hippocampus mediates episodic memory formation and the disambiguation of similar but discrete events, a phenomenon known as pattern separation [3], [4], [5], [6].”
From Arf4 Determines Dentate Gyrus-Mediated Pattern Separation by Regulating Dendritic Spine Development (2012) · cites this paper as [4]
In the citing paper
“This primarily occurs through the role that neurogenesis plays in facilitating memory formation by dictating a computational mechanism known as pattern separation (Aimone et al., 2011; Sahay et al., 2011).”
From Aerobic Exercise as a Tool to Improve Hippocampal Plasticity and Function in Humans: Practical Implications for Mental Health Treatment (2016) · cites this paper as Aimone et al., 2011
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Neural networks and physical systems with emergent collective computational abilities.
Hopfield, J. J. (1982) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.79.8.2554 · Cited by 19,270
Mechanisms and Functional Implications of Adult Neurogenesis
Zhao, C., Deng, W., & Gage, F. H. (2008) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2008.01.033 · Cited by 3,007
Self-citationSimple memory: a theory for archicortex
Marr, D. (1971) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. B, Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.1971.0078 · Cited by 2,771
New neurons and new memories: how does adult hippocampal neurogenesis affect learning and memory?
Deng, W., Aimone, J. B., & Gage, F. H. (2010) · Nature reviews. Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn2822 · Cited by 2,120
Self-citationA Functional Role for Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis in Spatial Pattern Separation
Clelland, C. D., Choi, M., Romberg, C., Clemenson, G. D., Fragniere, A., Tyers, P., Jessberger, S., Saksida, L. M., Barker, R. A., Gage, F. H., et al. (2009) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1173215 · Cited by 1,642
Self-citationPattern Separation in the Dentate Gyrus and CA3 of the Hippocampus
Leutgeb, J. K., Leutgeb, S., Moser, M.-B., & Moser, E. I. (2007) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1135801 · Cited by 1,601 · cited 3×
“(D) Example of in vivo electrophysiology pattern separation. responding to multiple contexts, separating by ''rate coding'' instead of ''population coding'' (Alme et al., 2010; Leutgeb et al., 2007; Figure 1D).”
BackgroundIncreasing adult hippocampal neurogenesis is sufficient to improve pattern separation
Sahay, A., Scobie, K. N., Hill, A. S., O'Carroll, C. M., Kheirbek, M. A., Burghardt, N. S., Fenton, A. A., Dranovsky, A., & Hen, R. (2011) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature09817 · Cited by 1,567
Hippocampal synaptic enhancement and information storage within a distributed memory system
McNaughton, B. L., & Morris, R. G. M. (1987) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/0166-2236(87)90011-7 · Cited by 1,304
Pattern Separation in the Human Hippocampal CA3 and Dentate Gyrus
Bakker, A., Kirwan, C. B., Miller, M. I., & Stark, C. E. L. (2008) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1152882 · Cited by 1,050
Dentate gyrus NMDA receptors mediate rapid pattern separation in the hippocampal network
McHugh, T. J., Jones, M. W., Quinn, J. J., Balthasar, N., Coppari, R., Elmquist, J. K., Lowell, B. B., Fanselow, M. S., Wilson, M. A., & Tonegawa, S. (2007) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1140263 · Cited by 958
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Adult Neurogenesis in the Mammalian Brain: Significant Answers and Significant Questions
Ming, G.-L., & Song, H. (2011) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2011.05.001 · Cited by 2,651
“…and long-term spatial memory retention, spatial pattern discrimination, trace conditioning and contextual fear conditioning, clearance of hippocampal memory traces, and reorganization of memory to extrahippocampal substrates (reviewed by Deng et al., 2010; Aimone et al., 2011 in this issue).”
BackgroundPattern separation in the hippocampus
Yassa, M. A., & Stark, C. E. L. (2011) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/j.tins.2011.06.006 · Cited by 1,544
Human Hippocampal Neurogenesis Persists throughout Aging
Boldrini, M., Fulmore, C. A., Tartt, A. N., Simeon, L. R., Pavlova, I., Poposka, V., Rosoklija, G. B., Stankov, A., Arango, V., Dwork, A. J., et al. (2018) · Cell Stem Cell · doi:10.1016/j.stem.2018.03.015 · Cited by 1,345
“Since new GNs may assist in pattern separation and old GNs in pattern completion (Aimone et al., 2011), steady AHN and concurrent elimination of older GNs likely supports human complex learning and memory and emotion-guided behavior throughout a long lifespan.”
The ventral visual pathway: an expanded neural framework for the processing of object quality
Kravitz, D. J., Saleem, K. S., Baker, C. I., Ungerleider, L. G., & Mishkin, M. (2012) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tics.2012.10.011 · Cited by 1,204
Adult hippocampal neurogenesis and its role in Alzheimer’s disease
Mu, Y., & Gage, F. H. (2011) · Molecular Neurodegeneration · doi:10.1186/1750-1326-6-85 · Cited by 1,021
“A number of subsequent studies utilizing irradiation or genetic modification to eliminate adult neurogenesis in rodent models also observed impaired performance in spatial-navigation learning and long-term spatial memory retention, spatial pattern discrimination, trace conditioning and contextual fear conditioning, cl…”
BackgroundSelf-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Aimone, J. B., Deng, W., & Gage, F. H.
- Affiliations
- Salk Institute for Biological Studies (US)
- Corresponding author
- Gage, Fred H.
- Venue
- Neuron
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2011-05
- Volume
- 70
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 589-596
- ISSN
- 0896-6273 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3240575
- OpenAlex
- W2069785065
- Cited by
- 663
- References
- 49
- Citations by year
- 2026: 15 · 2025: 29 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 25 · 2022: 27 · 2021: 31 · 2020: 41 · 2019: 38 · 2018: 39 · 2017: 64 · 2016: 62 · 2015: 62 · 2014: 71 · 2013: 63 · 2012: 58
- FWCI
- 5.76
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Neuron (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- Foundation for the National Institutes of Health
- James S. McDonnell Foundation
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH090258)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Developmental Neuroscience › Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Keywords
- dentate gyrus, adult neurogenesis, pattern separation, hippocampus, spatial discrimination, contextual discrimination, memory fidelity, mature neurons, memory formation
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Age Factors, Animals, Humans, Memory, Dentate Gyrus, Neurogenesis
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
