Impulse control and underlying functions of the left DLPFC mediate age-related and age-independent individual differences in strategic social behavior
Open accessAbstract
Human social exchange is often characterized by conflicts of interest requiring strategic behavior for their resolution. To investigate the development of the cognitive and neural mechanisms underlying strategic behavior, we studied children's decisions while they played two types of economic exchange games with differing demands of strategic behavior. We show an increase of strategic behavior with age, which could not be explained by age-related changes in social preferences but instead by developmental differences in impulsivity and associated brain functions of the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). Furthermore, observed differences in cortical thickness of lDLPFC were predictive of differences in impulsivity and strategic behavior irrespective of age. We conclude that egoistic behavior in younger children is not caused by a lack of understanding right or wrong, but by the inability to implement behavioral control when tempted to act selfishly; a function relying on brain regions maturing only late in ontogeny.
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DLPFC has been shown to play a crucial role in implementing social decisions, and this function still undergoes considerable development.
“DLPFC has been shown to play a crucial role in the context of implementing social decisions and previous evidence that this function still undergoes considerable development (Guroglu et al., 2011;Steinbeis et al., 2012;Crone, 2013).”
From Age-related differences in function and structure of rSMG and reduced functional connectivity with DLPFC explains heightened emotional egocentricity bias in childhood (2015) · cites this paper as Steinbeis et al., 2012
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When is giving an impulse? An ERP investigation of intuitive prosocial behavior
Carlson, R. W., Aknin, L. B., & Mario Liotti, A. (2015) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nsv077 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Steinbeis, N., Bernhardt, B. C., & Singer, T. (2015) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nsu057 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Self-citationGrocke, P., Rossano, F., & Tomasello, M. (2015) · Journal of Experimental Child Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jecp.2015.07.008 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Giving what one should: explanations for the knowledge-behavior gap for altruistic giving
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The neurodevelopmental precursors of altruistic behavior in infancy
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Friend versus foe: Neural correlates of prosocial decisions for liked and disliked peers
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Brain responses to social norms: Meta‐analyses of f MRI studies
Zinchenko, O. O., & Arsalidou, M. (2017) · Human Brain Mapping · doi:10.1002/hbm.23895 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Puiu, A. A., Wudarczyk, O. A., Goerlich, K. S., Votinov, M., Herpertz‐Dahlmann, B., Turetsky, B. I., & Konrad, K. (2018) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.04.016 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Children’s strategic theory of mind
Sher, I., Koenig, M. A., & Rustichini, A. (2014) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1403283111 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Emotion regulation across the life span
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Kenward, B., Hellmer, K., Winter, L. S., & Eriksson, M. (2014) · Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2014.11.035 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Böckler, A., Sharifi, M., Kanske, P., Dziobek, I., & Singer, T. (2016) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2016.07.020 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Self-citationSomeone has to give in: theta oscillations correlate with adaptive behavior in social bargaining
Billeke, P. B., Zamorano, F. J., López, T. D. L. M., Rodríguez‐Sickert, C., Cosmelli, D. J., & Aboitiz, F. (2014) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nsu012 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Young children, but not chimpanzees, are averse to disadvantageous and advantageous inequities
Ulber, J., Hamann, K., & Tomasello, M. (2016) · Journal of Experimental Child Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jecp.2016.10.013 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
McCall, C., Steinbeis, N., Ricard, M., & Singer, T. (2014) · Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnbeh.2014.00424 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Self-citationGoal-directed, habitual and Pavlovian prosocial behavior
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Distributed Neural Activity Patterns during Human-to-Human Competition
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Neural Correlates of Advantageous and Disadvantageous Inequity in Sharing Decisions
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Development of Equity Preferences in Boys and Girls Across Adolescence
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Distinct neural activation patterns underlie economic decisions in high and low psychopathy scorers
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Leader–follower behavioural coordination and neural synchronization during intergroup conflict
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Social cognition in major depressive disorder: A new paradigm?
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Taxing behavioral control diminishes sharing and costly punishment in childhood
Steinbeis, N. (2016) · Developmental Science · doi:10.1111/desc.12492 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Self-citationSome Equalities Are More Equal Than Others: Quality Equality Emerges Later Than Numerical Equality
Sheskin, M., Cazzell, A. R., Croom, A. M., Mayer, T., Nissel, J., & Bloom, P. (2016) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/cdev.12544 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Considerations of fairness in the adolescent brain
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Cognitive Skills, Strategic Sophistication, and Life Outcomes
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Enhancing behavioral control increases sharing in children
Steinbeis, N., & Over, H. (2017) · Journal of Experimental Child Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jecp.2017.02.001 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Self-citationThe Flexible Fairness: Equality, Earned Entitlement, and Self-Interest
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Parsing the components of forgiveness: Psychological and neural mechanisms
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Self-citationThe link between cognitive control and decision-making across child and adolescent development
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Self-citationTemporal dynamics of resting EEG networks are associated with prosociality
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Variant in OXTR gene and functional connectivity of the hypothalamus in normal subjects
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Electrophysiological indicators of inhibitory control deficits in depression
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Impartiality in humans is predicted by brain structure of dorsomedial prefrontal cortex
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Resting-state Abnormalities in Heroin-dependent Individuals
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Five-Year-Old Preschoolers’ Sharing is Influenced by Anticipated Reciprocation
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- Authors
- Steinbeis, N., Bernhardt, B. C., & Singer, T.
- Affiliations
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences (DE)
- Max Planck Society (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Steinbeis, Nikolaus
- Venue
- Neuron
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2012-03
- Volume
- 73
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 1040-1051
- ISSN
- 0896-6273 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2055420785
- Cited by
- 298
- References
- 65
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 25 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 21 · 2018: 23 · 2017: 28 · 2016: 33 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 29 · 2013: 22 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 11.78
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
- www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
- www.elsevier.com/open-access/userlicense/1.0/ (vor, 539 d)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-017 (stm-asf)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-037 (stm-asf)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-012 (stm-asf)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-029 (stm-asf)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-004 (stm-asf)
- Locations
- Neuron (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Max Planck Digital Library (submittedVersion)
- MPG.PuRe (Max Planck Society) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Child and Animal Learning Development
- Social Sciences › Safety Research › Experimental Behavioral Economics Studies
- Keywords
- strategic behavior, impulsivity, left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, cortical thickness, age-related development, individual differences, social preferences, egoism, behavioral control, children
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Aging, Brain Mapping, Child, Female, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Impulsive Behavior, Functional Laterality, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Neuropsychological Tests, Oxygen, Social Behavior, Negotiating, Prefrontal Cortex, Statistics, Nonparametric, Young Adult
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