The mouse prefrontal cortex: Unity in diversity
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The prefrontal cortex (PFC) is considered to constitute the highest stage of neural integration and to be devoted to representation and production of actions. Studies in primates have laid the foundation for theories regarding the principles of prefrontal function and provided mechanistic insights. The recent surge of studies of the PFC in mice holds promise for evolvement of present theories and development of novel concepts, particularly regarding principles shared across mammals. Here we review recent empirical work on the mouse PFC capitalizing on the experimental toolbox currently privileged to studies in this species. We conclude that this line of research has revealed cellular and structural distinctions of the PFC and neuronal activity with direct relevance to theories regarding the functions of the PFC. We foresee that data-rich mouse studies will be key to shed light on the general prefrontal architecture and mechanisms underlying cognitive aspects of organized actions.
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mPFC L5 neurons are heterogeneous in molecular marker, synaptic properties, projection targets, local circuit integration, and functional specialization.
“mPFC L5 neurons are heterogenous populations, in terms of their molecular marker, synaptic properties, projection targets, local circuit integration, and functional specialization [15–18].”
From A nucleus accumbens-projecting prefrontal cortex circuit underlies chronic social stress-induced depression-like behaviors (2026) · cites this paper as [16]
The Introduction describes distinct prefrontal populations with different long-range wiring, gene-expression profiles, and effects on behavior. It does not establish that these are specifically mPFC layer 5 neurons or that they differ in synaptic properties and local circuit integration. (LLM, conf=0.82)
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Ma, X., Kim, H., Zhang, L., Chen, P., Wei, J., Cui, Y., Chen, L., Xu, Y., Zhang, J., Dai, Z., et al. (2026) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41398-026-04128-w
- Authors
- Le Merre, P., Ährlund-Richter, S., & Carlén, M.
- Affiliations
- Karolinska Institutet (SE)
- Corresponding author
- Carlén, Marie
- Venue
- Neuron
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2021-06
- Volume
- 109
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 1925-1944
- ISSN
- 0896-6273 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3158375818
- Cited by
- 207
- References
- 50
- Citations by year
- 2026: 41 · 2025: 52 · 2024: 50 · 2023: 39 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 6
- FWCI
- 4.26
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
- www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
- www.elsevier.com/open-access/userlicense/1.0/ (vor, 380 d)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-017 (stm-asf)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-037 (stm-asf)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-012 (stm-asf)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-029 (stm-asf)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-004 (stm-asf)
- Locations
- Neuron (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Karolinska Institutet
- Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Keywords
- prefrontal cortex, prefrontal function, neuronal activity, cellular diversity, structural diversity, cognitive control, action representation, action production
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Cognition, Neural Pathways, Neurons, Prefrontal Cortex, Gene Expression Profiling, Models, Animal, Mice, Electrophysiological Phenomena, Transcriptome
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