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The ability to decide advantageously declines prematurely in some normal older persons
Abstract
The prefrontal region of the brain, including the ventromedial sector which supports reasoning and decision-making, may undergo disproportionate aging in some older persons, but the empirical evidence is decidedly mixed. To help resolve this, we tested 80 neurologically and psychiatrically healthy Younger (aged 26-55) and Older (aged 56-85) adults on a "Gambling Task", which provides a close analog to real-world decision-making by factoring in reward, punishment, and unpredictability, yielding a sensitive index of ventromedial prefrontal function. A subset of the Older group manifested a decision-making impairment on the Gambling Task, in spite of otherwise intact cognitive functioning. This finding raises the possibility of disproportionate aging of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex in these individuals. Our finding has important societal and public policy implications (e.g., choosing medical care, allocating personal wealth), and may also help explain why many older individuals are targeted by and susceptible to fraudulent advertising.
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“When examining individual responses, the authors reported that among the younger group, 37 out of 40 participants eventually picked from the advantaged deck; among the older group, only 15 out of 40 showed this same “unimpaired” pattern.”
From More than a feeling: A unified view of stress measurement for population science (2018) · cites this paper as Denburg et al., 2005
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“In the extension of this earlier study with older adults, similar to the studies on patients with VM lesions, they did not show preferences for the advantageous decks across five trials (or 100 cards; Denburg et al., 2005).”
From More than a feeling: A unified view of stress measurement for population science (2018) · cites this paper as Denburg et al., 2005
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Metadata
- Authors
- Denburg, N. L., Tranel, D., & Bechara, A.
- Affiliations
- University of Iowa (US)
- Corresponding author
- Denburg, N.L.
- Venue
- Neuropsychologia
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2005-01
- Volume
- 43
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 1099-1106
- ISSN
- 0028-3932 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1984128842
- Cited by
- 310
- References
- 38
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 21 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 19 · 2013: 21 · 2012: 31
- FWCI
- 3.86
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Neuropsychologia (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Aging (K01AG022033)
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (P01 NS19632, P01NS019632)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › General Decision Sciences › Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Historical and Modern Theater Studies
- Keywords
- decision-making, ventromedial prefrontal cortex, brain aging, older adults, gambling task, cognitive aging, reward and punishment, fraud susceptibility, normal aging
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Aging, Analysis of Variance, Cognition, Decision Making, Female, Gambling, Games, Experimental, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Reference Values, Prefrontal Cortex
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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