Cited by 253Pregnancy and preeclampsia studiesReproductive System and PregnancyBirth, Development, and Health

The placenta in fetal growth restriction: What is going wrong?

Open access
Sun, Cherry, Groom, Katie M., Oyston, Charlotte, Chamley, Lawrence W., Clark, Alys R., James, Joanna L.·2020·Placenta

Abstract

The placenta is essential for the efficient delivery of nutrients and oxygen from mother to fetus to maintain normal fetal growth. Dysfunctional placental development underpins many pregnancy complications, including fetal growth restriction (FGR) a condition in which the fetus does not reach its growth potential. The FGR placenta is smaller than normal placentae throughout gestation and displays maldevelopment of both the placental villi and the fetal vasculature within these villi. Specialized epithelial cells called trophoblasts exhibit abnormal function and development in FGR placentae. This includes an altered balance between proliferation and apoptotic death, premature cellular senescence, and reduced colonisation of the maternal decidual tissue. Thus, the placenta undergoes aberrant changes at the macroscopic to cellular level in FGR, which can limit exchange capacity and downstream fetal growth. This review aims to compile stereological, in vitro, and imaging data to create a holistic overview of the FGR placenta and its pathophysiology, with a focus on the contribution of trophoblasts.

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Crossref · 10.1016/j.placenta.2020.05.003

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137 of 137 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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Authors
Sun, C., Groom, K. M., Oyston, C., Chamley, L. W., Clark, A. R., & James, J. L.
Affiliations
University of Auckland (NZ)
Corresponding author
Sun, Cherry
Venue
Placenta
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2020-07
Volume
96
Pages
10-18
ISSN
0143-4004 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W3024316689
Cited by
253
References
137
Citations by year
2026: 48 · 2025: 58 · 2024: 52 · 2023: 44 · 2022: 37 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 3 · 2014: 1
FWCI
14.25
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Placenta (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • ResearchSpace (University of Auckland) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Funders
  • Nurture Foundation for Reproductive Research
  • Auckland Medical Research Foundation
  • Health Research Council of New Zealand
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Pregnancy and preeclampsia studies
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Reproductive System and Pregnancy
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Birth, Development, and Health
Keywords
fetal growth restriction, placental insufficiency, trophoblast, placental villi, placental vasculature, cellular senescence, stereology, placental pathophysiology
MeSH terms
Animals, Chorionic Villi, Female, Fetal Growth Retardation, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Small for Gestational Age, Placenta, Placentation, Pregnancy, Trophoblasts

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