Sports Nutrition Needs

Zoorob, Roger; Parrish, Mari-Etta E.; O’Hara, Heather; Kalliny, Medhat

doi:10.1016/j.pop.2013.02.013

Cited by 28Muscle metabolism and nutritionThermoregulation and physiological responsesSports Performance and Training

Sports Nutrition Needs

Zoorob, Roger, Parrish, Mari-Etta E., O’Hara, Heather, Kalliny, Medhat·2013·Primary Care Clinics in Office Practice

DOI 10.1016/j.pop.2013.02.013

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

This article discusses how athletes should properly fuel their bodies before, during, and after exercise to maximize athletic performance. Emphasis is placed on hydration status and glycogen stores being maintained above deficits that negatively affect sport performance. Timing of nutrient intake is as important as composition.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/j.pop.2013.02.013

Cites

62 of 62 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Nutritional strategies after exercise help refuel energy sources, replace fluid and electrolytes, synthesize new proteins, and improve immune system response.
“nutritional strategies after exercise helps to refuel energy sources (e.g., muscle and liver glycogen), replace fluid and electrolytes, synthesize new proteins to counteract both catabolic state and exercise-induced damage, and improve immune system response [9,10,11].”
From The 4R’s Framework of Nutritional Strategies for Post-Exercise Recovery: A Review with Emphasis on New Generation of Carbohydrates (2020) · cites this paper as [10]

American College of Sports Medicine position stand
Otis, C. L. (1997) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 4,407 · see citing works
ACSM Position Stand: Exercise and Fluid Replacement
Convertino, V. A., Armstrong, L. E., Coyle, E. F., Mack, G. W., Sawka, M. N., Senay, L. C., & Sherman, W. M. (1996) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1097/00005768-199610000-00045 · Cited by 1,977 · see citing works
Heat Stroke
Bouchama, A., & Knochel, J. P. (2002) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmra011089 · Cited by 1,898 · see citing works
Diet, muscle glycogen and physical performance.
Bergström, J., Hermansen, L., Hultman, E., & Saltin, B. (1967) · Acta Physiologica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1967.tb03720.x · Cited by 1,740 · see citing works
Exercise and Fluid Replacement
(2007) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0b013e31802ca597 · Cited by 1,497 · see citing works
Carbohydrates for training and competition
Burke, L. M., Hawley, J. A., Wong, S. H. S., & Jeukendrup, A. E. (2011) · Journal of Sports Sciences · doi:10.1080/02640414.2011.585473 · Cited by 985 · see citing works
Ingested protein dose response of muscle and albumin protein synthesis after resistance exercise in young men
Moore, D. R., Robinson, M. J., Fry, J. L., Tang, J. E., Glover, E. I., Wilkinson, S. B., Prior, T., Tarnopolsky, M. A., & Phillips, S. M. (2009) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.3945/ajcn.2008.26401 · Cited by 973 · see citing works
Position of the American Dietetic Association, Dietitians of Canada, and the American College of Sports Medicine: Nutrition and Athletic Performance
(2009) · Journal of the American Dietetic Association · doi:10.1016/j.jada.2009.01.005 · Cited by 912 · see citing works
American College of Sports Medicine Position Stand: Exercise and Fluid Replacement
Shephard, R. J. (2007) · Yearbook of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1016/s0162-0908(08)70206-x · Cited by 666 · see citing works
Carbohydrate intake during exercise and performance
Jeukendrup, A. E. (2004) · Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.nut.2004.04.017 · Cited by 490 · see citing works
Muscle glycogen synthesis after exercise: effect of time of carbohydrate ingestion
Ivy, J. L., Katz, A. L., Cutler, C. L., Sherman, W. M., & Coyle, E. F. (1988) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/jappl.1988.64.4.1480 · Cited by 459 · see citing works
International Society of Sports Nutrition position stand: Nutrient timing
Kerksick, C., Harvey, T., Stout, J., Campbell, B., Wilborn, C., Kreider, R., Kalman, D., Ziegenfuss, T., Lopez, H., Landis, J., et al. (2008) · Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · doi:10.1186/1550-2783-5-17 · Cited by 456 · see citing works
Diet, muscle glycogen, and endurance performance
Karlsson, J., & Saltin, B. (1971) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/jappl.1971.31.2.203 · Cited by 440 · see citing works
Carbohydrates and fat for training and recovery
Burke, L. M., Kiens, B., & Ivy, J. L. (2004) · Journal of Sports Sciences · doi:10.1080/0264041031000140527 · Cited by 416 · see citing works
Influence of diuretic-induced dehydration on competitive running performance
Armstrong, L. E., COSTILL, D. L., & Fink, W. J. (1985) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/00005768-198508000-00009 · Cited by 407 · see citing works
Physiological consequences of hypohydration
Sawka, M. N. (1992) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/00005768-199206000-00008 · Cited by 406 · see citing works
Sports Drinks and Energy Drinks for Children and Adolescents: Are They Appropriate?
Schneider, M., & Benjamin, H. J. (2011) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.2011-0965 · Cited by 403 · see citing works
Physiological consequences of hypohydration: exercise performance and thermoregulation.
Sawka, M. N. (1992) · PubMed · Cited by 372 · see citing works
Carbohydrate-protein complex increases the rate of muscle glycogen storage after exercise
Zawadzki, K. M., Yaspelkis, B. B., & Ivy, J. L. (1992) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/jappl.1992.72.5.1854 · Cited by 363 · see citing works
Fluid and carbohydrate ingestion independently improve performance during 1 h of intense exercise
BELOW, P. R., MORA-RODR??GUEZ, R., GONZ??LEZ-ALONSO, J., & COYLE, E. F. (1995) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/00005768-199502000-00009 · Cited by 352 · see citing works
Early postexercise muscle glycogen recovery is enhanced with a carbohydrate-protein supplement
Ivy, J. L., Goforth, H. W., Damon, B. M., McCauley, T. R., Parsons, E. C., & Price, T. B. (2002) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00394.2002 · Cited by 352 · see citing works
Maximizing postexercise muscle glycogen synthesis: carbohydrate supplementation and the application of amino acid or protein hydrolysate mixtures
van Loon, L. J., Saris, W. H., Kruijshoop, M., & Wagenmakers, A. J. (2000) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/72.1.106 · Cited by 346 · see citing works
Post-exercise rehydration in man: effects of volume consumed and drink sodium content
SHIRREFFS, S. M., TAYLOR, A. J., LEIPER, J. B., & MAUGHAN, R. J. (1996) · Medicine &amp Science in Sports &amp Exercise · doi:10.1097/00005768-199610000-00009 · Cited by 331 · see citing works
Stimulation of net muscle protein synthesis by whey protein ingestion before and after exercise
Tipton, K. D., Elliott, T. A., Cree, M. G., Aarsland, A. A., Sanford, A. P., & Wolfe, R. R. (2007) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00166.2006 · Cited by 307 · see citing works
Muscle blood flow is reduced with dehydration during prolonged exercise in humans
González‐Alonso, J., Calbet, J. A. L., & Nielsen, B. (1998) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7793.1998.895ba.x · Cited by 305 · see citing works
Alcohol and college athletes
Nelson, T. F., & Wechsler, H. (2001) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1097/00005768-200101000-00008 · Cited by 303 · see citing works
Hydration effects on thermoregulation and performance in the heat
Sawka, M. N., Montain, S. J., & Latzka, W. A. (2001) · Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A Molecular & Integrative Physiology · doi:10.1016/s1095-6433(01)00274-4 · Cited by 297 · see citing works
Heat Illness in Athletes
Coris, E. E., Ramirez, A. M., & Durme, D. J. V. (2004) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.2165/00007256-200434010-00002 · Cited by 292 · see citing works
Hydration and Physical Performance
Murray, B. (2007) · Journal of the American College of Nutrition · doi:10.1080/07315724.2007.10719656 · Cited by 274 · see citing works
Exercise, Protein Metabolism, and Muscle Growth
Tipton, K. D., & Wolfe, R. R. (2001) · International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism · doi:10.1123/ijsnem.11.1.109 · Cited by 253 · see citing works
Muscle glycogen storage after prolonged exercise: effect of the glycemic index of carbohydrate feedings
Burke, L. M., Collier, G. R., & Hargreaves, M. (1993) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/jappl.1993.75.2.1019 · Cited by 247 · see citing works
Gastric distension and gastric capacity in relation to food intake in humans
Geliebter, A. (1988) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/0031-9384(88)90333-2 · Cited by 244 · see citing works
American College of Sports Medicine Roundtable on Hydration and Physical Activity: Consensus Statements
Casa, D. J., Clarkson, P. M., & Roberts, W. O. (2005) · Current Sports Medicine Reports · doi:10.1097/01.csmr.0000306194.67241.76 · Cited by 236 · see citing works
Substrate utilization during exercise in active people
Coyle, E. (1995) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/61.4.968s · Cited by 236 · see citing works
Muscle glycogen storage after different amounts of carbohydrate ingestion
Ivy, J. L., Lee, M. C., Brozinick, J. T., & Reed, M. J. (1988) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/jappl.1988.65.5.2018 · Cited by 227 · see citing works
Impact of mild dehydration on wellness and on exercise performance
Maughan, R. J. (2003) · European Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601897 · Cited by 215 · see citing works
Preexercise carbohydrate ingestion, glucose kinetics, and muscle glycogen use: effect of the glycemic index
Febbraio, M. A., Keenan, J., Angus, D. J., Campbell, S. E., & Garnham, A. P. (2000) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/jappl.2000.89.5.1845 · Cited by 202 · see citing works
Effect of different post-exercise sugar diets on the rate of muscle glycogen synthesis
BLOM, P. C. S., H??STMARK, A. T., VAAGE, O., KARDEL, K. R., & M??HLUM, S. (1987) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/00005768-198710000-00012 · Cited by 198 · see citing works
Pre-exercise carbohydrate and fat ingestion: effects on metabolism and performance
Hargreaves, M., Hawley, J. A., & Jeukendrup, A. (2004) · Journal of Sports Sciences · doi:10.1080/0264041031000140536 · Cited by 178 · see citing works
Promoting training adaptations through nutritional interventions
Hawley, J. A., Tipton, K. D., & Millard-Stafford, M. L. (2006) · Journal of Sports Sciences · doi:10.1080/02640410500482727 · Cited by 149 · see citing works
Acute milk-based protein–CHO supplementation attenuates exercise-induced muscle damage
Cockburn, E., Hayes, P. R., French, D. N., Stevenson, E., & Gibson, A. S. C. (2008) · Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism · doi:10.1139/h08-057 · Cited by 145 · see citing works
Effects of Dehydration on Exercise Performance
Barr, S. I. (1999) · Canadian Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1139/h99-014 · Cited by 133 · see citing works
A moderate glycemic meal before endurance exercise can enhance performance
Kirwan, J. P., O’Gorman, D. J., & Evans, W. J. (1998) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/jappl.1998.84.1.53 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Restoration of fluid balance after exercise-induced dehydration: effects of alcohol consumption
Shirreffs, S. M., & Maughan, R. J. (1997) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/jappl.1997.83.4.1152 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Water ingestion does not improve 1-h cycling performance in moderate ambient temperatures
Robinson, T. A., Hawley, J. A., Palmer, G. S., Wilson, G. R., Gray, D. A., Noakes, T. D., & Dennis, S. C. (1995) · European Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1007/bf00854973 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Nutrition in Team Sports
Mujika, I., & Burke, L. M. (2010) · Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism · doi:10.1159/000322700 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Effect of meal frequency and timing on physical performance
Hawley, J. A., & Burke, L. M. (1997) · British Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1079/bjn19970107 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Sodium replacement and fluid shifts during prolonged exercise in humans
Sanders, B., Noakes, T. D., & Dennis, S. C. (2001) · European Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1007/s004210000371 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
The Importance of Good Hydration for Work and Exercise Performance
Shirreffs, S. M. (2005) · Nutrition Reviews · doi:10.1111/j.1753-4887.2005.tb00149.x · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Is the GI System Built For Exercise?
GISOLFI, C. V. (2000) · Physiology · doi:10.1152/physiologyonline.2000.15.3.114 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Effect of timing of carbohydrate ingestion on endurance exercise performance
McConell, G. K., Kloot, K., & Hargreaves, M. (1996) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1097/00005768-199610000-00014 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Regulation of muscle glycogen repletion, muscle protein synthesis and repair following exercise.
Ivy, J. L. (2004) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Effect of High and Low Rates of Fluid Intake on Post-exercise Rehydration
Kovacs, E. M. R., Schmahl, R. M., Senden, J. M., & Brouns, F. J. P. H. (2002) · International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism · doi:10.1123/ijsnem.12.1.14 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Effect of hypohydration on gastric emptying and intestinal absorption during exercise
Ryan, A. J., Lambert, G. P., Shi, X., Chang, R. T., Summers, R. W., & Gisolfi, C. V. (1998) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/jappl.1998.84.5.1581 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Protein hydrolysates in sports and exercise: a brief review.
Manninen, A. H. (2004) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Exercise-associated Intestinal Ischemia
Moses, F. M. (2005) · Current Sports Medicine Reports · doi:10.1097/01.csmr.0000306079.74945.ea · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Gastric emptying in marathon runners.
Carrió, I., Estorch, M., Serra-Grima, R., Ginjaume, M., Notivol, R., Calabuig, R., & Vilardell, F. (1989) · Gut · doi:10.1136/gut.30.2.152 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Nutrition for post-exercise recovery.
Burke, L. M. (1997) · PubMed · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Sports Drinks and Energy Drinks for Children and Adolescents—Are They Appropriate?
Galemore, C. A. (2011) · NASN School Nurse · doi:10.1177/1942602x11417310 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Effects of Carbohydrate-Electrolyte Content of Beverages on Voluntary Hydration in a Simulated Industrial Environment
Clapp, A. J., Bishop, P. A., Smith, J. F., Jr., & Mansfield, E. R. (2000) · AIHAJ - American Industrial Hygiene Association · doi:10.1080/15298660008984579 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
BIOMECHANICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF CYCLING BEHAVIOR 3
Martin, P. E., Gregor, R. J., Marsh, A. P., Hull, M. L., Broker, J. P., & Coyle, E. F. (1996) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1097/00005768-199605001-00003 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Untitled work
(2000) · doi:10.1202/0002-8894(2000)061

Flagged first, then by citations

Sorted by citations

The 4R’s Framework of Nutritional Strategies for Post-Exercise Recovery: A Review with Emphasis on New Generation of Carbohydrates
Bonilla, D. A., Pérez-Idárraga, A., Odriozola-Martínez, A., & Kreider, R. B. (2020) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph18010103 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Pre-exercise β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate free-acid supplementation improves work capacity recovery: A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study
Correia, A. L. M., de Lima, F. D., Bottaro, M., Vieira, A., da Fonseca, A. C., & Lima, R. M. (2018) · Applied Physiology Nutrition and Metabolism · doi:10.1139/apnm-2017-0867 · Cited by 11 · see citing works

The effect of violent exercise on tissue glycogen in albino mice
Wilber, C. G. (1963) · Life Sciences · doi:10.1016/0024-3205(63)90107-3 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Effects of stress on carbohydrate metabolism in the teleost Notopterus notopterus (Pallas)*
Narasimhan, P. V., & Sundararaj, B. I. (1971) · Journal of Fish Biology · doi:10.1111/j.1095-8649.1971.tb05916.x · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Correlation between structure and glycogen content of livers from rats on a controlled feeding schedule
Cardell, R. R., Larner, J., & Babcock, M. B. (1973) · The Anatomical Record · doi:10.1002/ar.1091770104 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Muscle glycogen does not interfere with a 13CO2 breath test to monitor liver glycogen oxidation
Tanis, Rietveld, Wattimena, et al. (2000) · Clinical Physiology · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2281.2000.00237.x · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Assessing the Initial Pleasantness for Fading Affect, Fixed Affect, Flourishing Affect, and Flexible Affect Events
Gibbons, J. A., & Rollins, L. (2016) · Applied Cognitive Psychology · doi:10.1002/acp.3295 · Cited by 8 · see citing works

Authors: Zoorob, R., Parrish, M.-E. E., O’Hara, H., & Kalliny, M.
Affiliations: Meharry Medical College (US)
Corresponding author: Zoorob, Roger
ORCID: Zoorob, Roger
Venue: Primary Care Clinics in Office Practice
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2013-06
Volume: 40
Issue: 2
Pages: 475-486
ISSN: 0095-4543 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.pop.2013.02.013
OpenAlex: W1971346343
Cited by: 28
References: 62
Citations by year: 2026: 1 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 2 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 1 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 1
FWCI: 0.42
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Primary Care Clinics in Office Practice (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Thermoregulation and physiological responses
Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Sports Performance and Training
Keywords: sports nutrition, hydration, glycogen stores, athletic performance, pre-exercise nutrition, post-exercise nutrition
MeSH terms: Dehydration, Drinking, Electrolytes, Fluid Therapy, Humans, Sports, Exercise, Athletic Performance

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Sports Nutrition Needs

Abstract

Integrity signals

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Cites

Cited by

Related

Record

About these checks