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Cited by 113Suicide and Self-Harm StudiesPosttraumatic Stress Disorder ResearchEducation and Military Integration

Combined PTSD and depressive symptoms interact with post-deployment social support to predict suicidal ideation in Operation Enduring Freedom and Operation Iraqi Freedom veterans

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DeBeer, Bryann B., Kimbrel, Nathan A., Meyer, Eric C., Gulliver, Suzy B., Morissette, Sandra B.·2014·Psychiatry Research
DOI 10.1016/j.psychres.2014.02.010PMC PMC5032640
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Abstract

Rates of suicide are alarmingly high in military and veteran samples. Suicide rates are particularly elevated among those with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression, which share overlapping symptoms and frequently co-occur. Identifying and confirming factors that reduce, suicide risk among veterans with PTSD and depression is imperative. The proposed study evaluated, whether post-deployment social support moderated the influence of PTSD-depression symptoms on, suicidal ideation among Veterans returning from Iraq and Afghanistan using state of the art clinical, diagnostic interviews and self-report measures. Operations Enduring and Iraqi Freedom (OEF/OIF) Veterans (n=145) were invited to, participate in a study evaluating returning Veterans׳ experiences. As predicted, PTSD-depression, symptoms had almost no effect on suicidal ideation (SI) when post-deployment social support was high; however, when, post-deployment social support was low, PTSD-depression symptoms were positively associated with, SI. Thus, social support may be an important factor for clinicians to assess in the context of PTSD and, depressive symptoms. Future research is needed to prospectively examine the inter-relationship, between PTSD/depression and social support on suicidal risk, as well as whether interventions to, improve social support result in decreased suicidality.

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  • Low social support is associated with poor physical and mental health.

    “Low social support is a key factor related to serious negative health outcomes, including poor physical and mental health, increased mortality risk, and suicidal ideation and behavior [1,2,3,4].”

    From A Randomized Pilot Study of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy to Improve Social Support for Veterans with PTSD (2022) · cites this paper as [4]

    The Moderated Regression Analysis reports that veterans with high PTSD-depression symptoms and low social support had the highest suicidal ideation. The paper thus supports a link to a mental-health outcome in this population, but the passages do not address poor physical health. (LLM, conf=0.86)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Low social support is associated with increased mortality risk.

    “Low social support is a key factor related to serious negative health outcomes, including poor physical and mental health, increased mortality risk, and suicidal ideation and behavior [1,2,3,4].”

    From A Randomized Pilot Study of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy to Improve Social Support for Veterans with PTSD (2022) · cites this paper as [4]

    The Future Directions section says low social support is a robust risk factor for suicide, which supports a specific mortality-related risk. But the paper does not establish an association with mortality risk generally; its own analysis examines suicidal ideation in veterans, not deaths. (LLM, conf=0.83)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Low social support is associated with suicidal ideation and behavior.

    “Low social support is a key factor related to serious negative health outcomes, including poor physical and mental health, increased mortality risk, and suicidal ideation and behavior [1,2,3,4].”

    From A Randomized Pilot Study of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy to Improve Social Support for Veterans with PTSD (2022) · cites this paper as [4]

  • Veterans with PTSD are a population at high risk of mortality and other negative outcomes.

    “a population at high risk of mortality and other negative outcomes [1,2,3,4].”

    From A Randomized Pilot Study of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy to Improve Social Support for Veterans with PTSD (2022) · cites this paper as [4]

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Authors
DeBeer, B. B., Kimbrel, N. A., Meyer, E. C., Gulliver, S. B., & Morissette, S. B.
Affiliations
  • Texas A&M Health Science Center (US)
  • Durham VA Medical Center (US)
Corresponding author
DeBeer, Bryann B.
ORCID
Venue
Psychiatry Research
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2014-05
Volume
216
Issue
3
Pages
357-362
ISSN
0165-1781 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.psychres.2014.02.010
PMC
PMC5032640
OpenAlex
W1994098139
Semantic Scholar
cbefa94e982b618a2eee6ace21ef34ff34ee1e17
Cited by
113
References
54
Citations by year
2026: 6 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 3
FWCI
13.38
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations
  • Psychiatry Research (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) VISN 17 Center of Excellence for Research on Returning War Veterans (I01RX000304)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Suicide and Self-Harm Studies
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
  • Social Sciences › Education › Education and Military Integration
Keywords
post-traumatic stress disorder, depressive symptoms, suicidal ideation, moderation, Operation Enduring Freedom, Iraq War, veterans, suicide risk, Iraq and Afghanistan veterans
MeSH terms
Adult, Afghanistan, Depression, Factor Analysis, Statistical, Female, Humans, Iraq, Male, Military Personnel, Regression Analysis, Social Support, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Veterans, Iraq War, 2003-2011, Afghan Campaign 2001-, Self Report, Suicidal Ideation

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