The DOI matches its Crossref record; 35 of the 35 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Cortisol circadian rhythms and response to stress in children with autism
Abstract
Background Autism is a severe neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by impairment in communication, social interaction, repetitive behaviors and difficulty adapting to novel experiences. The Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenocortical (HPA) system responds consistently to perceived novel or unfamiliar situations and can serve as an important biomarker of the response to a variety of different stimuli. Previous research has suggested that children with autism may exhibit dysfunction of the HPA system, but it is not clear whether altered neuroendrocrine regulation or altered responsiveness underlies the differences between children with and without autism. In order to provide preliminary data concerning HPA regulation and responsiveness, we compared circadian rhythms and response to a non-social, environmental stressor in children with and without autism.Methods Circadian rhythms of cortisol were estimated in children with (N=12) and without (N=10) autism via analysis of salivary samples collected in the morning, afternoon and evening on 2 consecutive days. HPA responsiveness was assessed by examining the time course of changes in salivary cortisol in response to a mock MRI.Results Both groups showed expected circadian variation with higher cortisol concentration in morning than in the evening samples. The children with autism, but not typical children, showed a more variable circadian rhythm as well as statistically significant elevations in cortisol following exposure to a novel, nonsocial stimulus.Conclusions The results suggest that children with autism process and respond idiosyncratically to novel and threatening events resulting in an exaggerated cortisol response.
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“Psychobiological factors, such as stress, might underlie the poor response to novelty and changes in routine in autism [52].”
From The paradox of cognitive flexibility in autism (2009) · cites this paper as [52]
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Kerns, C. M., Newschaffer, C. J., & Berkowitz, S. J. (2015) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-015-2392-y · Cited by 312
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Self-citationSalivary Cortisol in Ambulatory Assessment—Some Dos, Some Don’ts, and Some Open Questions
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Enhanced Cortisol Response to Stress in Children in Autism
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Self-citationCircadian rhythms and sleep in children with autism
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“The greater variability of cortisol values in children with autism not only suggests circadian disturbances, but emphasizes the caution that must be taken when interpreting results of studies with smaller sample sizes (Corbett et al., 2006, 2008).”
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Taylor, J. L., & Corbett, B. A. (2014) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2014.07.015 · Cited by 165
“Furthermore, of the three studies conducted by Corbett and colleagues that examined the effects of the mock MRI on cortisol response, only the study that allowed ASD participants across the full range of IQ found cortisol hyper-reactivity relative to controls (Corbett et al., 2006).”
BackgroundResultInfluentialSelf-citationBrief report: theatre as therapy for children with autism spectrum disorder
Corbett, B. A., Gunther, J. R., Comins, D., Price, J., Ryan, N., Simon, D., Schupp, C. W., & Rios, T. (2011) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-010-1064-1 · Cited by 160
“Not surprisingly, biological stress (Corbett et al. 2006, 2009) and symptoms of anxiety (Muris et al. 1998) are frequently reported in persons with autism.”
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“Autistic individuals have been found to exhibit higher salivary cortisol levels after a variety of social and nonsocial stressors, including venipuncture, mock MRI exposure, and public speech and math tests (77,78,381,406).”
Altered Peripheral and Central Inflammatory Responses in a Mouse Model of Autism
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Elevated cortisol during play is associated with age and social engagement in children with autism
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“On the basis of previous research showing enhanced stress responsivity in children with autism [18,22], we hypothesized that many children with autism would show an increase in salivary cortisol following the peer interaction compared to their average afternoon home level, baseline (arrival/acclimation) level and the…”
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“Studies examining cortisol as a biomarker of stress show enhanced arousal in children with ASD, suggesting hyperresponsivity to acute, novel stress rather than a pattern of chronic hyperarrousal (for example [4,10-13]).”
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“It has been suggested that biologically derived assays of anxiety such as heart rate, skin conductance, and/or cortisol levels may produce different results than behavioral observations (Corbett et al. 2006).”
ResultHormonal reactivity to MRI scanning in adolescents
Eatough, E. M., Shirtcliff, E. A., Hanson, J. L., & Pollak, S. D. (2009) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2009.03.006 · Cited by 88
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“Furthermore, some investigators reported a dysfunctional HPA axis in autistic persons, manifested by increased plasma levels of ACTH, but reduced levels of cortisol [16]; others found augmented cortisol secretion in autistic children in response to novel stimuli [17].”
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Comparing stress and arousal systems in response to different social contexts in children with ASD
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Self-reported mindfulness and cortisol during a Shamatha meditation retreat.
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Examining associations between anxiety and cortisol in high functioning male children with autism
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“Previous research has suggested that many children with autism exhibit dysregulation of the HPA system evidenced by enhanced responsivity in different social and non-social situations [29-34].”
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Roberts, J. E., Clarke, M. A., Alcorn, K. M., Carter, J. C., Long, A. C. J., & Kaufmann, W. E. (2009) · Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s11689-009-9028-5 · Cited by 61
Theoretical aspects of autism: biomarkers—a review
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“However, cortisol was increased in autistic children in anticipation of reexposure to a perceived stressor (Corbett et al., 2006, 2008).”
BackgroundPrenatal Cocaine Exposure Related to Cortisol Stress Reactivity in 11-Year-Old Children
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“In children, hypocortisolism has been reported in at risk populations,(37) including children with chronic stress,(43,44,60) children reared in institutions,(61) or in foster care,(62,63) boys with attention problems,(64) clinically depressed maltreated school-aged children,(65,66) boys of low income depressed mothers…”
Neuroendocrine Aspects of Tourette Syndrome
Martino, D., Macerollo, A., & Leckman, J. F. (2013) · International review of neurobiology · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-411546-0.00009-3 · Cited by 59
The hidden link between circadian entropy and mental health disorders
Alachkar, A., Lee, J., Asthana, K., Monfared, R. V., Chen, J., Alhassen, S., Samad, M., Wood, M. A., Mayer, E. A., & Baldi, P. (2022) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41398-022-02028-3 · Cited by 54
“HPA axis dysfunction has long been associated with ASD and was suggested to underlie an increased sensitivity to environmental stressors [42].”
BackgroundAutism and the amygdala: An endocrine hypothesis
Schulkin, J. A. (2007) · Brain and Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.bandc.2006.02.009 · Cited by 57
Adolescence, stress and cortisol in autism spectrum disorders
Corbett, B., & Simon, D. (2013) · OA Autism · doi:10.13172/2052-7810-1-1-348 · Cited by 52
Self-citationCorticosteroid and neurosteroid dysregulation in an animal model of autism, BTBR mice
Frye, C. A., & Llaneza, D. C. (2010) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2010.03.005 · Cited by 52
“These findings are congruent with clinical investigations that report perturbedHPA [2,3,37,38] or exacerbated cortisol [39] responses among people with ASD.”
ResultLueken, U., Muehlhan, M., Evens, R., Wïttchen, H., & Kirschbaum, C. (2012) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2012.01.003 · Cited by 51
“Furthermore, elevations in cortisol during mock training have been reported for vulnerable patient groups (e.g. children with autism spectrum disorder; Corbett et al., 2006), but not for adolescents in general (Eatough et al., 2009).”
Tomarken, A. J., Han, G. T., & Corbett, B. A. (2015) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2015.08.016 · Cited by 49
“Previous studies have generally reported that groups of hildren with ASD have more variability in diurnal cortisol vales (Corbett et al., 2006; Corbett et al., 2008; Hoshino et al., 987; Richdale and Prior, 1992; Yamazaki et al., 1975) and parnts of ASD patients demonstrate heterogeneity in daily cortisol rofiles (Dyk…”
ResultSelf-citationSharpley, C. F., Bitsika, V., Andronicos, N. M., & Agnew, L. L. (2016) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2016.09.003 · Cited by 47
Reducing Listening-Related Stress in School-Aged Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Rance, G., Chisari, D., Saunders, K., & Rault, J. (2017) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-017-3114-4 · Cited by 48
Pan, Z., Granger, D. A., Guérin, N. A., Shoffner, A., & Gabriels, R. L. (2019) · Frontiers in Veterinary Science · doi:10.3389/fvets.2018.00312 · Cited by 54
“The handful of studies of HPA axis reactivity and regulation in ASD suggest that compared to typically-developing children, children with ASD experience higher HPA axis reactivity to daily stressors (28, 29).”
ResultMuscatello, R. A., & Corbett, B. A. (2017) · Autism Research · doi:10.1002/aur.1879 · Cited by 46
“Similarly, older children with ASD have shown higher cortisol levels compared to younger children in response to a relatively benign social encounter on a playground [Corbett et al., 2010].”
BackgroundSelf-citationAutism Traits, Sensory Over-Responsivity, Anxiety, and Stress: A Test of Explanatory Models
Amos, G. A., Byrne, G., Chouinard, P. A., & Godber, T. (2018) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-018-3695-6 · Cited by 55
Smeekens, I., Didden, R., & Verhoeven, E. W. M. (2015) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-013-1947-z · Cited by 55
Sniecinska-Cooper, A. M., Iles, R. K., Butler, S. A., Jones, H., Bayford, R. H., & Dimitriou, D. (2014) · Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2014.09.003 · Cited by 44
“Yet, to date, very few studies have been carried out to analyse endocrine sleep markers in children with developmental disorders and only two of them included adults withWS [34–39].”
BackgroundHamza, R. T., Hewedi, D. H., & Ismail, M. A. (2010) · The Italian Journal of Pediatrics/Italian journal of pediatrics · doi:10.1186/1824-7288-36-71 · Cited by 43
“Studies regarding abnormalities in the HPA axis in autistic patients showed conflicting results [20-22].”
ResultKidd, S. A., Corbett, B. A., Granger, D. A., Boyce, W. T., Anders, T. F., & Tager, I. B. (2012) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-012-1522-z · Cited by 43
“15 across the day for AUT compared to TYP (Corbett et al. 2006).”
Self-citationReduced Plasma Apelin Levels in Patients with Autistic Spectrum Disorder
Boso, M., Emanuele, E., Politi, P., Pace, A., Arra, M., Nemi, S. U. D., & Barale, F. (2006) · Archives of Medical Research · doi:10.1016/j.arcmed.2006.08.003 · Cited by 43
Bitsika, V., Sharpley, C. F., Andronicos, N. M., & Agnew, L. L. (2014) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2014.11.010 · Cited by 41
“to be absent [51], some finding it to be similar to that in non-ASD children [52,53] and others reporting it to be present but with significant between-subject variability [38].”
ResultCorbett, B. A., Muscatello, R. A., Kim, A., Patel, K., & Vandekar, S. (2020) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2020.105115 · Cited by 38
“, 2007), from the home over 3 consecutive week-days using established protocols (Corbett et al., 2006; Corbett et al., 2008); however, these data Corbett et al.”
MethodSelf-citationThe cortisol awakening response (CAR) in male children with autism spectrum disorder
Corbett, B. A., & Schupp, C. W. (2014) · Hormones and Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.yhbeh.2014.01.012 · Cited by 40
Self-citationAutism - A Neurodevelopmental Journey from Genes to Behaviour
Eapen, V. (2011) · InTech eBooks · doi:10.5772/974 · Cited by 36
Salivary proteomics and biomarkers in neurology and psychiatry
Wormwood, K. L., Aslebagh, R., Channaveerappa, D., Dupree, E. J., Borland, M. M., Ryan, J. P., Darie, C. C., & Woods, A. G. (2015) · PROTEOMICS - CLINICAL APPLICATIONS · doi:10.1002/prca.201400153 · Cited by 36
“Saliva has been traditionally used to measure cortisol as a stress biomarker in neurology and neuropsychiatry in numerous studies [25, 26], as well as oxytocin [27], androgens [28], and alpha amylase [29].”
MethodSivaratnam, C. S., Newman, L. K., Tonge, B. J., & Rinehart, N. (2015) · Review Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s40489-015-0048-7 · Cited by 39
“2008; Richdale and Prior 1992), but nevertheless indicate a generalised sensitivity to both emotional and non-emotional stressors, rather than a specific stress response to social and emotional stimuli (Corbett et al. 2006; Levine et al. 2012; Richdale and Prior 1992).”
BackgroundInfluentialAnesiadou, S., Makris, G., Michou, M., Bali, P., Papassotiriou, I., Apostolakou, F., Κορκολιάκου, Π., Papageorgiou, C., Chrousos, G. P., & Pervanidou, P. (2020) · Stress and Health · doi:10.1002/smi.2971 · Cited by 36
West, D. V., Del‐Favero, J., Deboutte, D., Broeckhoven, C. V., & Claes, S. J. (2010) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2009.04.002 · Cited by 33
“…2006; vanWest et al., 2008), pervasive developmental disorder, autism and multiple complex developmental disorder (Jansen et al., 1999, 2000, 2003; Corbett et al., 2006; Marinovic-Curin et al., 2008), and oppositional-defiant disorder (ODD) and conduct disorder (CD) (Gispen-de Wied et al., 1998;…”
BackgroundStress and the Student with Autism Spectrum Disorders
Lytle, R. K., & Todd, T. A. (2009) · Teaching Exceptional Children · doi:10.1177/004005990904100404 · Cited by 32
Edmiston, E. K., Blain, S. D., & Corbett, B. A. (2016) · Autism Research · doi:10.1002/aur.1660 · Cited by 34
Self-citationHegarty, J. P., Ferguson, B. J., Zamzow, R., Rohowetz, L. J., Johnson, J. D., Christ, S. E., & Beversdorf, D. Q. (2016) · Brain Imaging and Behavior · doi:10.1007/s11682-016-9604-8 · Cited by 32
“2005) and stress reactivity (Corbett et al. 2006; Corbett et al. 2010) as well as potentially higher peripheral levels of norepinephrine (NE) and other”
BackgroundJuybari, K. B., Sepehri, G., Meymandi, M. S., Shahrbabaki, S. S. V., Moslemizadeh, A., Saeedi, N., Aminzadeh, A., Nozari, M., Khaksari, M., Haghpanah, T., et al. (2020) · Neurotoxicology and Teratology · doi:10.1016/j.ntt.2020.106905 · Cited by 34
Metadata
- Authors
- Corbett, B. A., Mendoza, S., Abdullah, M., Wegelin, J. A., & Levine, S.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Davis (US)
- Venue
- Psychoneuroendocrinology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2006-01
- Volume
- 31
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 59-68
- ISSN
- 0306-4530 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2124859267
- Cited by
- 258
- References
- 35
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 21 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 20 · 2013: 17 · 2012: 14
- FWCI
- 4.19
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Psychoneuroendocrinology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (1r21mh065672-01)
- University of California, Davis
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH065672)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Keywords
- autism spectrum disorder, cortisol, circadian rhythm, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, stress response, salivary cortisol, children, novel stimuli, neuroendocrine regulation, biomarkers
- MeSH terms
- Autistic Disorder, Child, Circadian Rhythm, Environment, Humans, Hydrocortisone, Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System, Male, Surveys and Questionnaires, Saliva, Sensation, Specimen Handling, Stress, Psychological, Feedback, Psychological
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