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Cited by 51Stress Responses and CortisolRegulation of Appetite and ObesityAdipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases

Saturated high-fat feeding independent of obesity alters hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis function but not anxiety-like behaviour

Hryhorczuk, Cecile, Décarie-Spain, Léa, Sharma, Sandeep, Daneault, Caroline, Rosiers, Christine Des, Alquier, Thierry, Fulton, Stephanie·2017·Psychoneuroendocrinology
DOI 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2017.06.002
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Abstract

Overconsumption of dietary fat can elicit impairments in emotional processes and the response to stress. While excess dietary lipids have been shown to alter hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis function and promote anxiety-like behaviour, it is not known if such changes rely on elevated body weight and if these effects are specific to the type of dietary fat. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of a saturated and a monounsaturated high-fat diet (HFD) on HPA axis function and anxiety-like behaviour in rats. Biochemical, metabolic and behavioural responses were evaluated following eight weeks on one of three diets: (1) a monounsaturated HFD (50%kcal olive oil), (2) a saturated HFD (50%kcal palm oil), or (3) a control low-fat diet. Weight gain was similar across the three diets while visceral fat mass was elevated by the two HFDs. The saturated HFD had specific actions to increase peak plasma levels of corticosterone and tumour-necrosis-factor-alpha and suppress mRNA expression of glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid receptors, corticotropin-releasing hormone and 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-1 in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus. Both HFDs enhanced the corticosterone-suppressing response to dexamethasone administration without affecting the physiological response to a restraint stress and failed to increase anxiety-like behaviour as measured in the elevated-plus maze and open field tests. These findings demonstrate that prolonged intake of saturated fat, without added weight gain, increases CORT and modulates central HPA feedback processes. That saturated HFD failed to affect anxiety-like behaviour can suggest that the anxiogenic effects of prolonged high-fat feeding may rely on more pronounced metabolic dysfunction.

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  • Prolonged high-fat diet heightens stress and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal responses in rodents.

    “To this end, rodent research has revealed that prolonged high-fat diet (HFD) elicits metabolic dysfunction and increases anxiety-and depressive-like behaviors [28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36], heightens stress and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) responses [37,38], and triggers neurobehavioral deficits associated with blunted mesolimbic dopamine function [39][40][41].”

    From The menace of obesity to depression and anxiety prevalence (2022) · cites this paper as [38]

  • In the absence of obesity development, saturated high-fat diets can still potentiate HPA reactivity and feedback and suppress behavioral responses to rewards in rodents.

    “However, in the absence of obesity development, these diets can still potentiate HPA reactivity [37] and feedback [38] and suppress behavioral responses to rewards [41].”

    From The menace of obesity to depression and anxiety prevalence (2022) · cites this paper as [38]

  • Prolonged saturated high-fat feeding that does not lead to significant adipose deposition fails to stimulate anxiety-like behaviors in rodents.

    “The importance of excessive adipose mass to emotional deficits in obesity is highlighted by rodent studies showing that prolonged saturated high-fat feeding that does not lead to significant adipose deposition fails to stimulate anxiety-like behaviors [37,38].”

    From The menace of obesity to depression and anxiety prevalence (2022) · cites this paper as [38]

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Authors
Hryhorczuk, C., Décarie-Spain, L., Sharma, S., Daneault, C., Rosiers, C. D., Alquier, T., & Fulton, S.
Affiliations
  • Université de Montréal (CA)
  • Montreal Heart Institute (CA)
Corresponding author
Alquier, Thierry
ORCID
Venue
Psychoneuroendocrinology
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2017-09
Volume
83
Pages
142-149
ISSN
0306-4530 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.psyneuen.2017.06.002
OpenAlex
W2623919453
Cited by
51
References
51
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 1
FWCI
3.87
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
Locations
  • Psychoneuroendocrinology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • Canadian Institute of Health Research (CIHR) (MOP123280)
  • New Investigator salary award to SF, a CIHR (MOP115042)
  • Fonds de Recherche Québec-Santé (FRQS) (MOP9575)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
Keywords
high-fat diet, saturated fat, monounsaturated fatty acids, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, anxiety-like behavior, corticosterone, paraventricular nucleus, glucocorticoid receptor, mineralocorticoid receptor, corticotropin-releasing factor, 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1, TNF-α, dexamethasone suppression, restraint stress, visceral fat, dietary fat type
MeSH terms
Animals, Anxiety, Anxiety Disorders, Body Weight, Corticosterone, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone, Dexamethasone, Dietary Fats, Disease Models, Animal, Fatty Acids, Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated, Glucocorticoids, Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System, Male, Obesity, Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus, Pituitary-Adrenal System, Receptors, Glucocorticoid, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, Weight Gain, Rats, Wistar, Receptors, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone, Rats, Diet, High-Fat

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