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Study of energy storage systems and environmental challenges of batteries

Dehghani-Sanij, A.R., Tharumalingam, E., Dusseault, M.B., Fraser, R.·2019·Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews
DOI 10.1016/j.rser.2019.01.023
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Abstract

Abstract As more renewable energy is developed, energy storage is increasingly important and attractive, especially grid-scale electrical energy storage; hence, finding and implementing cost-effective and sustainable energy storage and conversion systems is vital. Batteries of various types and sizes are considered one of the most suitable approaches to store energy and extensive research exists for different technologies and applications of batteries; however, environmental impacts of large-scale battery use remain a major challenge that requires further study. In this paper, batteries from various aspects including design features, advantages, disadvantages, and environmental impacts are assessed. This review reaffirms that batteries are efficient, convenient, reliable and easy-to-use energy storage systems (ESSs). It also confirms that battery shelf life and use life are limited; a large amount and wide range of raw materials, including metals and non-metals, are used to produce batteries; and, the battery industry can generate considerable amounts of environmental pollutants (e.g., hazardous waste, greenhouse gas emissions and toxic gases) during different processes such as mining, manufacturing, use, transportation, collection, storage, treatment, disposal and recycling. Battery use at a large scale or grid-scale (>50 MW), which is widely anticipated, will have significant social and environmental impacts; hence, it must be compared carefully with alternatives in terms of sustainability, while focusing on research to quantify externalities and reduce risk. Alternatives such as pumped hydro and compressed air energy storage must be encouraged because of their low environmental impact compared to different types of batteries.

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Cited by

See all 872

Metadata

Authors
Dehghani-Sanij, A. R., Tharumalingam, E., Dusseault, M. B., & Fraser, R.
Venue
Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2019-04
Volume
104
Pages
192-208
ISSN
1364-0321 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.rser.2019.01.023
OpenAlex
W2912413013
Cited by
872
References
11
FWCI
32.91
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
  • www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
  • www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

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How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Study of energy storage systems and environmental challenges of batteries. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1016/j.rser.2019.01.023
The paper
Dehghani-Sanij, A. R., Tharumalingam, E., Dusseault, M. B., & Fraser, R. (2019). Study of energy storage systems and environmental challenges of batteries. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2019.01.023

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.