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Anhedonia in schizophrenia: Distinctions between anticipatory and consummatory pleasure
Open accessAbstract
Research on anhedonia in schizophrenia has revealed mixed results, with patients reporting greater anhedonia than healthy controls on self-report measures and semi-structured interviews, but also reporting comparable experiences of positive emotions in response to pleasurable stimuli. Basic science points to the importance of distinguishing between anticipatory and consummatory (or in-the-moment) pleasure experiences, and this distinction may help to reconcile the mixed findings on anhedonia in schizophrenia. In two studies, we tested the hypothesis that anhedonia in schizophrenia reflects a deficit in anticipatory pleasure but not consummatory pleasure. In Study 1, we used experience sampling methodology to assess reported experiences of consummatory and anticipated pleasure among schizophrenia patients and controls. In Study 2, schizophrenia patients and controls completed a self-report trait measure of anticipatory and consummatory pleasure and interviews that assessed negative symptoms, including anhedonia, and community functioning. In both studies, we found evidence for an anticipatory but not a consummatory pleasure deficit in schizophrenia. In addition, anticipatory pleasure was related to clinical ratings of anhedonia and functional outcome. Clinical and research implications of these findings are discussed.
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“Although some studies have found that individuals with schizophrenia are impaired during reward motivation and outcome [403-407], others have not found a selective impairment in reward motivation [386,408].”
From Reward circuitry dysfunction in psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders and genetic syndromes: animal models and clinical findings (2012) · cites this paper as [404]
In the citing paper
“For example, in two studies (one using experience sampling methodology and the second employing cross-sectional questionnaires), Gard et al. (59) reported that patients with schizophrenia had intact in-the-moment (i.e., consummatory) positive emotions in response to events; however, they displayed deficits in positively anticipating future events when compared to healthy controls.”
From A transdiagnostic perspective on social anhedonia (2019) · cites this paper as [59]
In the citing paper
“Patients with schizophrenia who have social anhedonia are less able to modulate positive emotions (63), anticipate future pleasure (59), or use previous positive experiences to motivate future behaviors (63).”
From A transdiagnostic perspective on social anhedonia (2019) · cites this paper as [59]
In the citing paper
“Broadly speaking, the psychosis continuum seems to be characterized by deficits in anticipatory but not consummatory systems (although not consistently) (59), while PTSD (121), depression (74), and ASD reflect difficulties in both and the picture for eating disorders appears to be complex with inconsistent findings reflecting symptom and etiological heterogeneity.”
From A transdiagnostic perspective on social anhedonia (2019) · cites this paper as [59]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Gard, D. E., Kring, A. M., Gard, M. G., Horan, W. P., & Green, M. F.
- Affiliations
- San Francisco State University (US)
- University of California, Berkeley (US)
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- Corresponding author
- Gard, David E.
- Venue
- Schizophrenia Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2007-07
- Volume
- 93
- Issue
- 1-3
- Pages
- 253-260
- ISSN
- 0920-9964 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC1986826
- OpenAlex
- W2141680642
- Cited by
- 817
- References
- 42
- Citations by year
- 2026: 33 · 2025: 35 · 2024: 36 · 2023: 39 · 2022: 40 · 2021: 45 · 2020: 40 · 2019: 51 · 2018: 50 · 2017: 42 · 2016: 56 · 2015: 66 · 2014: 71 · 2013: 47 · 2012: 38
- FWCI
- 17.97
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Schizophrenia Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH065707, R01MH043292, MH65707, MH 43292)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Philosophy › Mental Health and Psychiatry
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Keywords
- anhedonia, schizophrenia
- MeSH terms
- Activities of Daily Living, Adult, Affective Symptoms, Depression, Emotions, Female, Goals, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Motivation, Prognosis, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Psychotic Disorders, Schizophrenia, Schizophrenic Psychology, Set, Psychology, Social Adjustment
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