The DOI matches its Crossref record; 3 of the 3 references it cites were found in a registry or an index; none of the 1 sources its claims cite is checked for support yet.
National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary.
Open accessAbstract
Consensus recommendations on sufficient sleep duration across the lifespan using the RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method.
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Claims the paper makes
39 Own result · 9 Own interpretation · 5 Own method · 5 No basis given · 1 No full text of the sources
- Probably not a substantial claim. 58
- It may state two separate claims as one. 5
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“infants between 12 and 15 hours”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Abstract
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Newborns 0-3 mo 14 to 17 11 to 13 18 to 19 Less than 11 More than 19”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Infants 4-11 mo 12 to 15 10 to 11 16 to 18 Less than 10 More than 18”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Infants 4-11 mo 12 to 15 10 to 11 16 to 18 Less than 10 More than 18”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: fails — The authors may not put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The authors may not put it forward as true. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Infants 4-11 mo 12 to 15 10 to 11 16 to 18 Less than 10 More than 18”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Toddlers 1-2 y 11 to 14 9 to 10 15 to 16 Less than 9 More than 16”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Older adults ≥65 y 7 to 8 5 to 6 9 Less than 5 More than 9”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“7 to 8 hours of sleep for older adults”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Abstract
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Teenagers 14-17 y 8 to 10 7 11 Less than 7 More than 11”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“school-aged children between 9 and 11 hours”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Abstract
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Preschoolers 3-5 y 10 to 13 8 to 9 14 Less than 8 More than 14”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Young adults 18-25 y 7 to 9 6 10 to 11 Less than 6 More than 11”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Toddlers 1-2 y 11 to 14 9 to 10 15 to 16 Less than 9 More than 16”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“School-aged children 6-13 y 9 to 11 7 to 8 12 Less than 7 More than 12”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Adults 26-64 y 7 to 9 6 10 Less than 6 More than 10”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Young adults 18-25 y 7 to 9 6 10 to 11 Less than 6 More than 11”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Teenagers 14-17 y 8 to 10 7 11 Less than 7 More than 11”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“For teenagers, 8 to 10 hours was considered appropriate”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Abstract
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“School-aged children 6-13 y 9 to 11 7 to 8 12 Less than 7 More than 12”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Older adults ≥65 y 7 to 8 5 to 6 9 Less than 5 More than 9”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“School-aged children 6-13 y 9 to 11 7 to 8 12 Less than 7 More than 12”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“preschoolers between 10 and 13 hours”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Abstract
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Preschoolers 3-5 y 10 to 13 8 to 9 14 Less than 8 More than 14”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Toddlers 1-2 y 11 to 14 9 to 10 15 to 16 Less than 9 More than 16”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Adults 26-64 y 7 to 9 6 10 Less than 6 More than 10”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Young adults 18-25 y 7 to 9 6 10 to 11 Less than 6 More than 11”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Young adults 18-25 y 7 to 9 6 10 to 11 Less than 6 More than 11”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Preschoolers 3-5 y 10 to 13 8 to 9 14 Less than 8 More than 14”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Newborns 0-3 mo 14 to 17 11 to 13 18 to 19 Less than 11 More than 19”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Teenagers 14-17 y 8 to 10 7 11 Less than 7 More than 11”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Older adults ≥65 y 7 to 8 5 to 6 9 Less than 5 More than 9”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Older adults ≥65 y 7 to 8 5 to 6 9 Less than 5 More than 9”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Newborns 0-3 mo 14 to 17 11 to 13 18 to 19 Less than 11 More than 19”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Newborns 0-3 mo 14 to 17 11 to 13 18 to 19 Less than 11 More than 19”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“School-aged children 6-13 y 9 to 11 7 to 8 12 Less than 7 More than 12”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Adults 26-64 y 7 to 9 6 10 Less than 6 More than 10”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Adults 26-64 y 7 to 9 6 10 Less than 6 More than 10”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Preschoolers 3-5 y 10 to 13 8 to 9 14 Less than 8 More than 14”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“7 to 9 hours for young adults and adults”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Abstract
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“toddlers between 11 and 14 hours”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Abstract
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Teenagers 14-17 y 8 to 10 7 11 Less than 7 More than 11”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The panel agreed that, for healthy individuals with normal sleep, the appropriate sleep duration for newborns is between 14 and 17 hours”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Abstract
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Toddlers 1-2 y 11 to 14 9 to 10 15 to 16 Less than 9 More than 16”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Infants 4-11 mo 12 to 15 10 to 11 16 to 18 Less than 10 More than 18”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Additional information
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Panelists performed the firstround vote independently.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Participants and methods
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“A research assistant performed data entry, and a supervisor checked entries to ensure accuracy and completeness.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Participants and methods
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“The RAND appropriateness method is a well-recognized technique for systematically analyzing experts' interpretations of extant research.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Discussion
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [1] 1. Fitch K, Bernstein SJ, Aquilar MD, et al. The RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method user's manual. Santa Monica, CA: The RAND Corporation; 2001.
boosted- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The recommendations reported here represent guidelines for healthy individuals and those not suffering from a sleep disorder.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Abstract
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Sleep's restorative properties undoubtedly also depend on sleep quality, sleep architecture, and the timing of sleep within the day.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Discussion
boosteddirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Importantly, the panel emphasized that some individuals might sleep longer or shorter than the recommended times with no adverse effects.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Discussion
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“However, individuals with sleep durations far outside the normal range may be engaging in volitional sleep restriction or have serious health problems.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Discussion
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“These factors, however, are more difficult to estimate from cohort studies that use self-reported data.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Discussion
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“This data disparity is particularly important when interpreting laboratory-based findings.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Discussion
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Rests on an assumption: Intervention studies using laboratory measured sleep time typically produce shorter sleep durations.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Sufficient sleep duration requirements vary across the lifespan and from person to person.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Abstract
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“A systematic literature review was conducted by a nonvoting, independent review team led by John Herman, PhD, from the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, with assistance from colleagues Chelsea Vaughn, PhD, and David Brown, PhD.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Participants and methods
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“An individual who intentionally restricts sleep over a prolonged period may be compromising his or her health and well-being.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Discussion
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Inclusion criteria were (a) normal, nondisordered population; (b) published in a peer-reviewed journal; (c) human subjects; and (d) English language.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Participants and methods
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“However, actual sleep time is typically less than time in bed, which biases data toward higher sleep duration estimates.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Discussion
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Rests on an assumption: Actual sleep time is typically less than time in bed.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“A project team member followed up with panelists to resolve missing or discrepant scores.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Participants and methods
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
The paper relies on this without support.
Actual sleep time is typically less than time in bed.
“actual sleep time is typically less than time in bed”
The paper relies on this without support.
Sleep is a vital part of physical, cognitive, and emotional health.
“Sleep, like diet and exercise, is a vital part of physical, cognitive, and emotional health.”
The paper relies on this without support.
The literature, especially cohort and population studies, often do not distinguish between time in bed and actual sleep time.
“The literature, especially cohort and population studies, often do not distinguish between time in bed and actual sleep time.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Intervention studies using laboratory measured sleep time typically produce shorter sleep durations.
“intervention studies using laboratory measured sleep time will typically produce shorter sleep durations”
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The cited source doesn’t support the claim as written.
In the citing paper
“Nonetheless, even if one conservatively assumes that the average increase in actual nightly sleep was 67 min relative to what we observed in our student samples using wrist actigraphy, it still means that 62% of students in these samples were still getting less than 8 h of total nightly sleep, the minimum recommendation for young adult nightly sleep (26).”
From Nightly sleep duration predicts grade point average in the first year of college (2023) · cites this paper as [26]
Checked by a reasoning model — may be wrong.
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Current sleep recommendations outline the need for healthy adults to achieve seven to nine h of sleep per night [2].”
From The effect of caffeine on subsequent sleep: A systematic review and meta-analysis (2023) · cites this paper as [2]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“The recommended total sleep for children aged 6- to 13-years-old is 9–11 hours, whereas the recommended sleep for adolescents aged 14–17 is approximately 8–10 hours.15”
From Middle school start times and young adolescent sleep, behavioral health, and academic performance outcomes: a narrative review (2022) · cites this paper as [15]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“The recommended total sleep for children aged 6- to 13-years-old is 9–11 hours, whereas the recommended sleep for adolescents aged 14–17 is approximately 8–10 hours.15”
From Middle school start times and young adolescent sleep, behavioral health, and academic performance outcomes: a narrative review (2022) · cites this paper as [15]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Sleep medicine guidelines indicate that adolescents should be getting 8 to 10 h of nightly sleep (26), but first-year college students in the present samples slept on average 6 h and 37 min each night (SD = 51 min).”
From Nightly sleep duration predicts grade point average in the first year of college (2023) · cites this paper as [26]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“current recommendations suggest that adolescents require 8-10 h of sleep to function optimally [3,4].”
From Later School Start Times as a Public Health Intervention to Promote Sleep Health in Adolescents (2023) · cites this paper as [3]
The check wasn’t confident either way, so it gives no verdict — never disputed.
In the citing paper
“Early school start times during the academic year are in direct conflict with the biologically driven circadian shift towards later bedtimes and later wake-up times among adolescents, directly constraining their opportunity for sufficient sleep duration [3,4].”
From Later School Start Times as a Public Health Intervention to Promote Sleep Health in Adolescents (2023) · cites this paper as [3]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn the citing paper
“Other important developmental changes occur as well, such as an increased need for sleep (Hirshkowitz et al., 2015).”
From Health lifestyles across the transition to adulthood: implications for health (2017) · cites this paper as Hirshkowitz et al., 2015
In the citing paper
“Guidelines from the American Academy of Sleep Medicine and the Sleep Research Society state that regularly sleeping fewer than 7 h per night is associated with a higher risk of weight gain and other adverse health outcomes [116].”
From Dietary and Behavioral Strategies for Weight Loss and Weight Loss Maintenance: A Narrative Review (2025) · cites this paper as [116]
In the citing paper
“For sleep to have a restorative effect on the body, it must be of adequate duration and quality; particularly for athletes whose physical and mental recovery needs may be greater due to the high physiological and psychological demands placed on them during training and competition.”
From Sleep and Nutrition Interactions: Implications for Athletes (2019) · cites this paper as [42]
In the citing paper
“Sleep disturbances and short sleep duration are behavioural risk factors for inflammation, associated with increased risk of illness and disease, which can be modified to promote sleep health.”
From Sleep and Nutrition Interactions: Implications for Athletes (2019) · cites this paper as [42]
In the citing paper
“Similar to nutrition, sleep disturbances (difficulty initiating or maintain sleep) and sleep deprivation (not getting enough sleep) are risk factors for inflammation [18,42], which can be treated or managed to promote recovery and/or performance.”
From Sleep and Nutrition Interactions: Implications for Athletes (2019) · cites this paper as [42]
In the citing paper
“For sleep to have a restorative effect on the body, it must be of adequate duration which is dependent on age [28,42].”
From Sleep and Nutrition Interactions: Implications for Athletes (2019) · cites this paper as [42]
In the citing paper
“Sleep recommendations particularly the amount of sleep required, change over the lifespan from adolescents (8–10 h), adults (7–9 h), and older adults (7–8 h) [42].”
From Sleep and Nutrition Interactions: Implications for Athletes (2019) · cites this paper as [42]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
Rated minor: it would not touch a result — a value no result rests on, a p-value that stays on the same side of the significance level, or a conflict that is clerical, resolved elsewhere in the paper, or outside its own findings.
In the paper
“Divergent opinion among panelists was defined as more than 20% (ie, 3 of 18 panel members) voting outside any 3-point range (ie, 1-3, 4-6, or 7-9) of the median.”
§ National Sleep Foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary > Results
Reported 20 · recomputed 16.666667
Citations
Cites
Evidence based medicine: what it is and what it isn't
Sackett, D. L., Rosenberg, W. M. C., Gray, J. A. M., Haynes, R. B., & Richardson, W. S. (1996) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.312.7023.71 · Cited by 15,769
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 1,701–1,800 of 4,366
Qiao, L., Wang, Y., Deng, Y., Peng, J., Li, Y., Li, M., & Tang, Z. (2024) · Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics · doi:10.1016/j.archger.2024.105702 · Cited by 10
Meneo, D., Gavriloff, D., Cerolini, S., Baldi, E., Schlarb, A. A., Nobili, L., & Baglioni, C. (2025) · Journal of Sleep Research · doi:10.1111/jsr.70078 · Cited by 14
“The National Sleep Foundation recommends 14–17 h for newborns, 12–15 h for infants, 11–14 h for toddlers, 10–13 h for preschoolers, 9–11 h of sleep for school-aged children and 8–10 h for adolescents (Hirshkowitz et al. 2015).”
Qualidade de vida dos profissionais de saúde dos programas de residências multidisciplinares
Zanei, S. S. V., Oliveira, R. A., & Whitaker, I. Y. (2019) · Revista de Enfermagem da UFSM · doi:10.5902/2179769230013 · Cited by 10
Slykerman, R. F., Budd, C., Thompson, J., Bekker, M. J., Buckley, J., Wall, C. R., Murphy, R., Mitchell, E. A., & Waldie, K. E. (2020) · Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics · doi:10.1097/dbp.0000000000000754 · Cited by 12
Counting sleep? Critical reflections on a UK national sleep strategy
Meadows, R. P., Nettleton, S., Hine, C., & Ellis, J. G. (2020) · Critical Public Health · doi:10.1080/09581596.2020.1744525 · Cited by 10
“The United States National Sleep Foundation has also recently issued age-specific sleep duration recommendations (Hirshkowitz et al., 2015).”
BackgroundImpact of Electronic Device Usage Before Bedtime on Sleep and Attention in Adolescents
de Oliveira, M. L. C., Júnior, F. W. N. H., Valdéz, P., de Almondes, K. M., & de Azevedo, C. V. M. (2020) · Mind Brain and Education · doi:10.1111/mbe.12260 · Cited by 11
Günalan, E. (2020) · Northern Clinics of Istanbul · doi:10.14744/nci.2020.68878 · Cited by 10
“Adequate sleep duration can be different between individuals depending on age [15].”
BackgroundRudin-Brown, C. M., & Rosberg, A. (2021) · Chronobiology International · doi:10.1080/07420528.2020.1863976 · Cited by 13
The impact of the 24-h movement spectrum on vascular remodeling in older men and women: a review
Williams, J. S., Dunford, E. C., Cheng, J. L., Moncion, K., Valentino, S. E., Droog, C. A., Cherubini, J. M., King, T. J., Noguchi, K. S., Wiley, E., et al. (2021) · American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00754.2020 · Cited by 11
Lee, T. K., Wickrama, K. A. S., & O’Neal, C. W. (2021) · Journal of Youth and Adolescence · doi:10.1007/s10964-021-01440-0 · Cited by 13
“Improper sleep was coded as 1 based on previous finding (Hirshkowitz et al. 2015; under the age of 20, outside the recommended 8–11 h; aged 20 or older outside the recommended 6–9 h).”
Methodde Winter, J., Ezendam, N. P. M., Bours, M. J. L., Winkels, R. M., Weijenberg, M. P., Kampman, E., Vissers, P. A. J., Mols, F., & Beijer, S. (2021) · Supportive Care in Cancer · doi:10.1007/s00520-021-06393-5 · Cited by 10
Pre-pregnancy sleep duration and postpartum depression: a multicenter study in Japan
Matsuo, S., Ushida, T., Iitani, Y., Imai, K., Nakano‐Kobayashi, T., Moriyama, Y., Yoshida, S., Yamashita, M., Kajiyama, H., & Kotani, T. (2021) · Archives of Women s Mental Health · doi:10.1007/s00737-021-01136-1 · Cited by 10
Austin, D., May, J., Andrade, J., & Nichols, A. (2022) · British Journal of Nursing · doi:10.12968/bjon.2022.31.4.240 · Cited by 10
Takizawa, Y., & Kobayashi, K. (2022) · International Journal of Educational Research Open · doi:10.1016/j.ijedro.2022.100149 · Cited by 10
Sleep disturbances among women in a Subarctic region: a nationwide study
Unnarsdóttir, A. B., Hauksdóttir, A., Aspelund, T., Gunnarsdóttir, V., Tómasson, G., Jakobsdóttir, J., Valdimarsdóttir, U. A., & Thordardottir, E. B. (2022) · SLEEP · doi:10.1093/sleep/zsac100 · Cited by 11
“Sleep is essential for human’s overall well-being and general health [1], with most healthy adults needing at least 7 h of sleep each night to function properly and to avoid sleep deprivation [2].”
BackgroundThe Association Between Self-reported Sleep Quality and Self-care in Adults With Heart Failure
Spedale, V., Fabrizi, D., Rebora, P., Luciani, M., Alvaro, R., Vellone, E., Riegel, B. J., & Ausili, D. (2022) · The Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing · doi:10.1097/jcn.0000000000000929 · Cited by 11
Russell, J., Grant, C. C., Morton, S., Denny, S., & Paine, S. (2022) · Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand · doi:10.1080/03036758.2022.2083188 · Cited by 10
Ning, Y., Zheng, S., Feng, S., Yao, H., Feng, Z., Liu, X., Dong, L., & Jia, H. (2022) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2022.947379 · Cited by 11
Tamura, K., Johnson, D. A., Neally, S. J., Sims, M., & Powell‐Wiley, T. M. (2022) · SLEEP Advances · doi:10.1093/sleepadvances/zpac032 · Cited by 10
Movement behaviours, breakfast consumption, and fruit and vegetable intake among adolescents
Sampasa‐Kanyinga, H., Hamilton, H. A., & Chaput, J. (2022) · Journal of Activity Sedentary and Sleep Behaviors · doi:10.1186/s44167-022-00001-5 · Cited by 10
“Those who reported a sleep duration outside the range for their age group were considered non-compliant with the sleep duration recommendation [24, 38].”
MethodKeresztes, M., Delaney, C., & Byrd‐Bredbenner, C. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph192113855 · Cited by 11
Jeon, M., Esposito, G., Halstead, E., Haghighatfard, A., Dimitriou, D., & Neoh, M. (2022) · Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2022.10.024 · Cited by 11
“, 9e11 h [43]) whereas autistic children in Korea had shorter”
BackgroundPrevalence and determinants of hypertension among urban slum dwellers in Bangladesh
Mistry, S. K., Hossain, M. B., Parvez, M., Gupta, R. D., & Arora, A. (2022) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-022-14456-3 · Cited by 11
“Based on the evidence generated by the systematic reviews, the National Sleep Foundation recommends a sleep duration of 7–9 h/day for adults aged 18–64 years [44].”
MethodYang, M., Zhang, Y., Zhao, W., Ge, M., Sun, X., Jia, S.-L., & Dong, B. (2022) · BMC Geriatrics · doi:10.1186/s12877-022-03543-0 · Cited by 10
“7 to 8 h of sleep was recommended for older adults [24] and it was therefore selected as a reference in our analysis.”
MethodShort Sleep Duration in School-Age Children: Differential Factors on Weekdays and Weekends
Koa, T. B., Seah, J. X., Ong, J. Q. W., & Lo, J. C.-Y. (2023) · Behavioral Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1080/15402002.2022.2164001 · Cited by 11
“These findings are consistent with previous studies in the West (Kouros & El-Sheikh, 2017) and the East (Zhang et al., 2010).”
BackgroundResultSarhaddi, F., Azimi, I., Niela‐Vilén, H., Axelin, A., Liljeberg, P., & Rahmani, A. M. (2023) · JMIR Formative Research · doi:10.2196/47950 · Cited by 18
Non-esterified erythrocyte linoleic acid, arachidonic acid, and subjective sleep outcomes
Sanders, A. E., Wallace, E. D., Ehrmann, B. M., Soma, P. S., Shaikh, S. R., Preisser, J. S., Ohrbach, R. K., Fillingim, R. B., & Slade, G. D. (2023) · Prostaglandins Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids · doi:10.1016/j.plefa.2023.102580 · Cited by 10
Sleep and Socioemotional Outcomes Among Sexual and Gender Minority Adolescents: A Longitudinal Study
Wong, M. L., Nagata, J. M., & Barreto, M. (2023) · Archives of Sexual Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10508-023-02732-1 · Cited by 11
“While (1) published guidelines suggested that adolescents typically need at least 7–8 h of sleep (Hirshkowitz et al., 2015), (2) adolescents in UK schools tend to start between 8 and 9 am, and (3) traveling time to school can take up to an hour (Illing-worth et al., 2019), we considered bedtime…”
BackgroundZhang, L., Muscat, J. E., Kris‐Etherton, P. M., Chinchilli, V. M., Fernández‐Mendoza, J., Al‐Shaar, L., & Richie, J. P. (2023) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu15245115 · Cited by 10
“…categories were based on recommended hours of sleep for the adult population by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine and Sleep Research Society and aligned with prior research indicating an association of insufficient sleep (e.g., <7 h) and long sleep (e.g., >9 h) with chronic diseases [44,45].”
MethodWattelez, G., Amon, K. L., Forsyth, R., Frayon, S., Nedjar-Guerre, A., Caillaud, C., & Galy, O. (2024) · Child Care Health and Development · doi:10.1111/cch.13272 · Cited by 11
Wright, L., & Kutcher, S. (2016) · Colloquium Series on The Developing Brain · doi:10.4199/c00133ed1v01y201602dbr012 · Cited by 12
Metabolic consequences of snoring in adolescents and younger adults: a population study in Chile
BROCKMANN, P. E., V, Damiani, L. F., Smith, D. L., Castet, A., Nuñez, F., Villarroel, L. A., & Gozal, D. (2016) · International Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1038/ijo.2016.133 · Cited by 10
Self-citationCollege Students’ Sleep Habits and Their Perceptions Regarding Its Effects on Quality of Life
Herrmann, M. L., Palmer, A. K., Sechrist, M. F., & Abraham, S. (2018) · International Journal of Studies in Nursing · doi:10.20849/ijsn.v3i2.297 · Cited by 10
Suilmann, T., Zeidler, C., Osada, N., Riepe, C., & Ständer, S. (2018) · Acta Dermato Venereologica · doi:10.2340/00015555-2947 · Cited by 10
Visions and Challenges in Managing and Preserving Data to Measure Quality of Life
Estrada-Galiñanes, V., & Wac, K. (2018) · IEEE International Workshops on Foundations and Applications of Self* Systems (FAS*W) · doi:10.1109/fas-w.2018.00031 · Cited by 10
Lee, Y. J., Lee, S. I., & Han, K. (2018) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2018.12.097 · Cited by 10
Sleep and Self-Rated Health in an Aging Workforce
Coombe, A. H., Epps, F. R., Lee, J., et al. (2019) · Workplace Health & Safety · doi:10.1177/2165079919828748 · Cited by 10
Chien, C., Cheung, P., & Chen, C.-Y. (2019) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2019.00860 · Cited by 11
정은혜, & 이소연 (2017) · Studies on Korean Youth · doi:10.14816/sky.2017.28.3.119 · Cited by 12
Lee, Y., Chang, Y., Shelley, M., & Liu, C. (2020) · Sleep and Biological Rhythms · doi:10.1007/s41105-019-00249-6 · Cited by 11
Gissoni, N. B., & Quaresma, M. V. L. D. S. (2020) · Nutrire · doi:10.1186/s41110-019-0111-8 · Cited by 11
“According to the National Sleep Foundation [2] and the joint statement of the Consensus of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine and the Sleep Research Society [3] for adequate metabolic balance, it is necessary between 7 and 9 h of sleep for adults (18–64 years), while less than 6 h is insufficient, save for some in…”
MethodWilson, J. J., Skjødt, M., McMullan, I., Blackburn, N. E., Giné‐Garriga, M., Sansano-Nadal, O., Figuls, M. R. I., Klenk, J., Dallmeier, D., McIntosh, E., et al. (2020) · Journal for the Measurement of Physical Behaviour · doi:10.1123/jmpb.2019-0037 · Cited by 10
Murawski, B., Plotnikoff, R. C., Lubans, D. R., Rayward, A. T., Brown, W. J., Vandelanotte, C., & Duncan, M. J. (2020) · Psychology and Health · doi:10.1080/08870446.2020.1756288 · Cited by 12
Associations of dietary habits and sleep in older adults: a 9-year follow-up cohort study
Fan, H., Lee, Y., Chang, Y., & Shelley, M. (2020) · European Geriatric Medicine · doi:10.1007/s41999-020-00377-0 · Cited by 10
Du, C., Luo, N., Wu, L., Gadd, S., Zhang, X., & Tucker, R. M. (2021) · Journal of American College Health · doi:10.1080/07448481.2021.1891082 · Cited by 10
“The opposite of these behaviors; that is, high levels of dietary acculturation, high levels of acculturative stress, and not sleeping enough, have been linked to higher risk of undesirable changes in body composition.(17,43,44) Therefore, healthy dietary choices, lower levels of acculturative stress, and meeting sleep…”
BackgroundAssociations between Sleep and Work-Related Cognitive and Emotional Functioning in Police Employees
Sørengaard, T. A., Olsen, A., Langvik, E., & Saksvik‐Lehouillier, I. (2021) · Safety and Health at Work · doi:10.1016/j.shaw.2021.03.002 · Cited by 16
“According to recommendations, adults aged 26e64 years should sleep 7e9 h/d, as sleep duration under 6 hours and over 10 hours is unfavorable for daily functioning [11].”
BackgroundMethodMurphy, C. J., Hartescu, I., Roberts, I. E., Leicht, C. A., & Goosey-Tolfrey, V. L. (2021) · Frontiers in Sports and Active Living · doi:10.3389/fspor.2021.643233 · Cited by 10
“Furthermore, although the TST was within the recommended duration (7–9 h), it only surpassed this recommendation by ∼6min (Hirshkowitz et al., 2015), leaving it vulnerable to incidental sleep duration disruptions.”
BackgroundEscala de Insomnio de Atenas: Evidencias psicométricas en adultos peruanos
Universidad Norbert Wiener, P., Baños-Chaparro, J., Guillen, F. G. F., Universidad César Vallejo, P., Marín-Contreras, J., & Universidad de San Martín de Porres, P. (2021) · Liberabit Revista Peruana de Psicología · doi:10.24265/liberabit.2021.v27n1.07 · Cited by 10
Kechribari, I., Kontogianni, M. D., Georgoulis, M., Lamprou, K., Vagiakis, E., & Yiannakouris, N. (2021) · Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics · doi:10.1111/jhn.12933 · Cited by 10
Brand, C., Sehn, A. P., Todendi, P. F., et al. (2021) · European Journal of Sport Science · doi:10.1080/17461391.2021.1964609 · Cited by 10
“Regarding sleep duration, the recommendation indicates that school-aged children (6–13 years) should sleep 9–11 h a day, while adolescents (14–17 years) should accomplish 8–10 h a day (Hirshkowitz et al., 2015).”
BackgroundKim, J. S., Dashti, H. S., Huang, T., Cade, B. E., Podolanczuk, A. J., O’Hearn, D. J., Hoffman, E. A., Wang, H., Blaikley, J., Barr, R. G., et al. (2021) · Journal of Sleep Research · doi:10.1111/jsr.13475 · Cited by 9
Correlates of inadequate sleep health among primary school children
Belmon, L. S., Komrij, N. L., Busch, V., Geerdink, E. O., Heemskerk, D. M., de Bruin, E. J., Chinapaw, M. J. M., & van Stralen, M. M. (2021) · Journal of Sleep Research · doi:10.1111/jsr.13483 · Cited by 9
“Despite these benefits, the percentage of children around the world who meet the recommended amount of good quality sleep (i.e. 10– 13 hr/day for children aged 3– 5 years and 9– 11 hr/day for children aged 6– 13 years (Hirshkowitz et al., 2015)) seems to be declining (Matricciani et al., 2012).”
BackgroundMovement behaviors associated with mental health among US military service members
Perez, L. G., Dong, L., Beckman, R., & Meadows, S. O. (2021) · Military Psychology · doi:10.1080/08995605.2021.1987084 · Cited by 12
“…recommendations for adults to create a binary variable categorizing respondents who reported meeting the sleep recommendations (7–9 hours/night) vs. short/ long sleep (<7 or >9 hours/night) (Hirshkowitz et al., 2015), consistent with a previous study on psychological distress (Liu et al., 2013).”
ResultHarrison, E. M., Schmied, E. A., Hurtado, S. L., Easterling, A. P., & Glickman, G. L. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph19053093 · Cited by 10
“How many hours of sleep per night are recommended for adults? Between ____ and ____ hours 7–9 [16,66].”
BackgroundWang, L., Wang, Y., Shu, H. N., Wang, K., Wang, Y., Zhou, P., Wang, K., Luo, S., & Zhang, Y. (2022) · Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1080/08964289.2022.2061411 · Cited by 10
Pauley, A. M., Moore, G. A., Mama, S. K., Molenaar, P. C. M., & Downs, D. S. (2022) · Journal of Sleep Research · doi:10.1111/jsr.13619 · Cited by 10
Insomnia in childhood and adolescence: clinical aspects, diagnosis, and therapeutic approach
Nunes, M. L., & Bruni, O. (2015) · Jornal de Pediatria (Versão em Português) · doi:10.1016/j.jpedp.2015.08.008 · Cited by 10
Self-citationNgu, S. T., Masalamany, K., Manan, N. A., & Adam, S. K. (2017) · Education in Medicine Journal · doi:10.21315/eimj2017.9.3.3 · Cited by 10
Ksiazkiewicz, A., & Erol, F. (2022) · Electoral Studies · doi:10.1016/j.electstud.2022.102491 · Cited by 10
Vaping and Sleep as Predictors of Adolescent Suicidality
Welty, C. W., Gerald, L. B., Nair, U. S., & Haynes, P. L. (2022) · American Journal of Health Promotion · doi:10.1177/08901171221112027 · Cited by 10
“Participants were categorized into dichotomous categories of less than seven hours of sleep and seven hours or more of sleep, as the National Sleep Foundation does not recommend less than seven hours for teenagers.(24) While sleep quantity is better described as a curvilinear function,(25) the YRBS question response o…”
MethodCartanyà‐Hueso, À., Lidón‐Moyano, C., Martín‐Sánchez, J. C., González‐Marrón, A., Pérez-Martín, H., & Martínez-Sánchez, J. M. (2022) · Anales de Pediatría · doi:10.1016/j.anpedi.2021.09.012 · Cited by 10
Smith, C. E., Lee, S., & Allen, T. D. (2023) · Journal of Business and Psychology · doi:10.1007/s10869-023-09882-y · Cited by 11
“Moreover, sleep characteristics change with age (Ohayon et al., 2017) and thus recommendations on healthy sleep also differ by age groups (Hirshkowitz et al., 2015).”
Cheng, P., & Drake, C. (2016) · Sleep Medicine Clinics · doi:10.1016/j.jsmc.2015.10.006 · Cited by 19
Promote Students’ Healthy Behavior Through Sensor and Game: A Randomized Controlled Trial
H-Jennings, F., Clement, M., Brown, M., Leong, B., Shen, L., & Dong, C. (2016) · Medical Science Educator · doi:10.1007/s40670-016-0253-8 · Cited by 10
Sleep is an eye-opener: Behavioral causes and consequences of hypersomnolence in children
Thomas, J. H., & Burgers, D. E. (2016) · Paediatric Respiratory Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.prrv.2016.11.004 · Cited by 10
The Lifestyle History: A Neglected But Essential Component of the Medical History
Houlden, R. L., Yen, H. H., & Mirrahimi, A. (2017) · American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine · doi:10.1177/1559827617703045 · Cited by 10
Cysarz, D., Linhard, M., Seifert, G., & Edelhäuser, F. (2018) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2018.00468 · Cited by 10
Ogilvie, R. P., Bazzano, L., Gustat, J., Harville, E. W., Chen, W., & Patel, S. R. (2018) · Sleep Health · doi:10.1016/j.sleh.2018.10.010 · Cited by 10
Sleep Quality and Sleepiness Among Veterinary Medical Students Over an Academic Year
Nappier, M. T., Bartl-Wilson, L., Shoop, T., & Borowski, S. C. (2019) · Frontiers in Veterinary Science · doi:10.3389/fvets.2019.00119 · Cited by 10
Effect of maternal sleep in late pregnancy on leptin and lipid levels in umbilical cord blood
Meng, M., Jiang, Y., Zhu, L., Wang, G., Lin, Q., Sun, W., Song, Y., Dong, S., Deng, Y., Rong, T., et al. (2019) · Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2019.11.1194 · Cited by 11
Linking autonomic nervous system reactivity with sleep in adolescence: Sex as a moderator
Martín‐Piñón, O., Erath, S. A., & El‐Sheikh, M. (2020) · Developmental Psychobiology · doi:10.1002/dev.22041 · Cited by 10
Mireku, M. O., Barker, M. M., Mutz, J., Shen, C., Dumontheil, I., Thomas, M. S. C., Röösli, M., Elliott, P., & Toledano, M. B. (2019) · Data in Brief · doi:10.1016/j.dib.2019.103761 · Cited by 10
Rachakonda, L., Bapatla, A. K., Mohanty, S. P., & Kougianos, E. (2020) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2007.07377 · Cited by 10
McKeever, P. M., Dodd, R., & O’Sullivan, D. M. (2022) · Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine · doi:10.5664/jcsm.10156 · Cited by 10
Dymek, A., Czerwonogrodzka–Senczyna, A., Wyszyńska, J., Wójcik, M., Tarkowski, B., Zalewska-Janowska, A. M., & Łuszczki, E. (2025) · Clinical Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology · doi:10.2147/ccid.s543289 · Cited by 10
“143,144 Practice good sleep hygiene Keep the bedroom cool, dark, and quiet; limit screen use 1–2 hours before bedtime; avoid alcohol and caffeine in the evening; reserve the bed for sleep and intimacy only.”
Koemel, N. A., Biswas, R. K., Simpson, S., Rezende, L. F. M., Wang, T., Bauman, A. E., Raubenheimer, D., Allman-Farinelli, M. A., Cistulli, P. A., Ahmadi, M. N., et al. (2026) · European Journal of Preventive Cardiology · doi:10.1093/eurjpc/zwag141 · Cited by 10
Maternal Sleep Quality is Associated with Personal and Parenting Weight-Related Behaviors
Eck, K., Santiago, E., Martin‐Biggers, J. T., & Byrd‐Bredbenner, C. (2020) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph17155312 · Cited by 10
“Difficulty falling asleep and/or staying asleep impair sleep quality [11,21].”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSubjective cognitive abilities correlate with poor sleep among day‐shift and night‐shift nurses
Veal, B. M., Mu, C., Small, B. J., & Lee, S. (2021) · Journal of Sleep Research · doi:10.1111/jsr.13359 · Cited by 9
“Nurses make up the largest subset of healthcare professionals (Jacob et al., 2015).”
BackgroundBidirectional Association Between Sleep and Brain Atrophy in Aging
Kokošová, V., Filip, P., Kec, D., & Baláž, M. (2021) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnagi.2021.726662 · Cited by 11
“Furthermore, the functional connectivity of neuronal networks changes during the sleep-wake cycle (Horovitz et al., 2009; Sämann et al., 2010; Regen et al., 2016).”
BackgroundLamport, D. J., Breese, E., Gião, M. S., Chandra, S., & Orchard, F. (2022) · Journal of Sleep Research · doi:10.1111/jsr.13782 · Cited by 9
“For example, TST was in the healthy range (approximately 7 hr; 7–9 hr is recommended; Hirshkowitz et al., 2015), SOL was within the normal amount of time that it takes to fall asleep (up to 30 min; Ohayon et al.”
BackgroundSleep Disruptions in Hospitalized Adults Sustaining a Traumatic Brain Injury: A Scoping Review
Leclerc, C., Gervais, C., Hjeij, D., Briand, M., Williamson, D. R., Bernard, F., Duclos, C., & Arbour, C. (2023) · Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation · doi:10.1097/htr.0000000000000899 · Cited by 9
Sex Differences in Temporal Sleep Patterns, Social Jetlag, and Attention in High School Adolescents
Diogo, F. M. C., Bessa, Z. C. M., Galina, S. D., de Oliveira, M. L. C., da Silva-Júnior, E. L. R., Valdéz, P., & de Azevedo, C. V. M. (2024) · Sleep Science · doi:10.1055/s-0043-1777831 · Cited by 9
“…of the present study had less than 8hours of sleep per night, below the 8 to 10hours recommended by the National Sleep Foundation for adolescents 11 ; as a consequence, we can deduce that these adolescents are sleep deprived during weekdays, which would impair their attentional performance.”
BackgroundSleep Problems and Health Outcomes Among Urban American Indian and Alaska Native Adolescents
Troxel, W., Klein, D. J., Dong, L., Mousavi, Z. A., Dickerson, D. L., Johnson, C. L., Palimaru, A. I., Brown, R. A., Rodriguez, A., Parker, J., et al. (2024) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.14735 · Cited by 10
Long-term exposure to ozone and sleep disorders in children: A multicity study in China
Gui, Z., Heinrich, J., Morawska, L., Zhao, T.-Y., Yim, S. H. L., Lao, X. Q., Gao, M., Chen, D.-H., Ma, H., Lin, L.-Z., et al. (2024) · Environmental Research · doi:10.1016/j.envres.2024.119553 · Cited by 9
Factors leading to excessive fatigue in nurses – a three-year follow-up study
Hiestand, S., Waage, S., Forthun, I., Pallesen, S., & Bjorvatn, B. (2024) · BMC Nursing · doi:10.1186/s12912-024-02066-w · Cited by 13
“Further, a multidisciplinary expert panel convened by The National Sleep Foundation classified sleeping 6 h as ‘not recommended’ for either adults or young adults but indicated that 6–7 h may be appropriate [35].”
BackgroundSleep disturbances in hospitalized children: a wake-up call
Burger, P. C., Steur, L. M. H., Polderman, J. A. W., Twisk, J. W. R., Lindeboom, R., & Gemke, R. J. B. J. (2024) · European Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1007/s00431-024-05660-x · Cited by 10
“The connection between age and sleep aligns with other studies, indicating that younger children require more sleep [7, 45], while older children tend to have shorter SOL, reduced WASO, and consequently better sleep efficiency [46].”
ResultSleep and risk of hip fracture and falls among middle-aged and older Chinese
Zhu, C., Sun, J., Huang, Y., & Lian, Z. (2024) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-024-74581-4 · Cited by 9
“Second, alternative sleep duration categories were applied for individuals aged 65 years and above, since some studies recommended a normal sleep duration of 7–8 h for this population 29 .”
MethodThe connection between sleep deficiency and coronary artery disease: Complexities and controversies
Ujjawal, A., Lobo, T. N., Yaggi, H. K., & Neeland, I. J. (2024) · Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.pcad.2024.10.002 · Cited by 11
Sleep Deficiency and Cardiometabolic Disease
Killick, R., Stranks, L., & Hoyos, C. M. (2024) · Sleep Medicine Clinics · doi:10.1016/j.jsmc.2024.07.011 · Cited by 10
Paixão, L. T., Neves, L. A., Danese, M. V., & de Menezes-Júnior, L. A. A. (2024) · Journal of Activity Sedentary and Sleep Behaviors · doi:10.1186/s44167-024-00067-3 · Cited by 9
Patel, K. K., Kearns, J. C., Foti, D., Pigeon, W. R., Kleiman, E. M., & Glenn, C. R. (2024) · Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology · doi:10.1007/s10802-024-01275-w · Cited by 11
“In fact, most adolescents do not get the recommended 8–10 h of sleep per night (Galland et al., 2018; Hirshkowitz et al., 2015).”
Ho, F. F., Gao, Y., Chen, Y., Wang, B. H., Wu, J. C. Y., Zheng, H., Cheung, Y. T., Lam, C. S., Wang, M. H., Wu, X., et al. (2025) · Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1111/apt.70031 · Cited by 9
Impact of age on sleep duration and health outcomes: Evidence from four large cohort studies
Liao, J., Shi, Y., Li, Y., & Han, D. (2025) · Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2025.02.024 · Cited by 11
da Silva, A. F., Martins, P. C., Santiago, L. N., & Silva, D. A. S. (2025) · Children · doi:10.3390/children12030260 · Cited by 14
“…studies that investigated the three combined movement behaviors or proposed a suitable term to refer to the integration of the three movement behaviors that comprise the 24-hour day (physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep), as has been carried out for the terms individually [12,59,60].”
Personalized heat stress early warning system for an urban area
Kacker, K., Srivastava, P., & Mukherjee, M. (2025) · Environment International · doi:10.1016/j.envint.2025.109507 · Cited by 9
Roba, H. S., Kolbe-Alexander, T. L., Baliunas, D. O., & Biddle, S. (2025) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2025.119685 · Cited by 11
Sleep Health in the Student-Athlete: A Narrative Review of Current Research and Future Directions
Wilson, S. M. B., Gooderick, J., Driller, M., Jones, M. I., Draper, S. B., & Parker, J. K. (2025) · Current Sleep Medicine Reports · doi:10.1007/s40675-025-00341-z · Cited by 13
Hassan, S., Alqahtani, N. M., Alshahrani, S. M., Alhefzy, A. A., Alharthi, O., & Alharbi, M. (2025) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.91548 · Cited by 9
“This supports the view proposed by Hirshkowitz et al. [22], who argued that shared living environments, particularly those with inconsistent schedules and noise exposure, disrupt circadian rhythms and reduce perceived sleep satisfaction.”
Silva, A. G., Sá‐Couto, P., Queirós, A., Neto, M., & Rocha, N. P. (2018) · Spine · doi:10.1097/brs.0000000000002646 · Cited by 9
Sensor-Mesh-Based System with Application on Sleep Study
Gaiduk, M., Vunderl, B., Seepold, R., et al. (2018) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-78759-6_34 · Cited by 9
Metadata
- Authors
- Hirshkowitz, M., Whiton, K., Albert, S. M., Alessi, C., Bruni, O., DonCarlos, L., Hazen, N., Herman, J., Katz, E. S., Kheirandish-Gozal, L., Neubauer, D. N., O’Donnell, A. E., Ohayon, M., Peever, J., Rawding, R., Sachdeva, R. C., Setters, B., Vitiello, M. V., Ware, J. C., & Adams Hillard, P. J.
- Affiliations
- Baylor College of Medicine (US)
- National Sleep Foundation (US)
- University of Pittsburgh (US)
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- Sapienza University of Rome (IT)
- Loyola University Chicago (US)
- The University of Texas at Austin (US)
- The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (US)
- Boston Children's Hospital (US)
- Johns Hopkins University (US)
- Georgetown University Medical Center (US)
- Stanford Medicine (US)
- University of Toronto (CA)
- Gannon University (US)
- American Academy of Pediatrics (US)
- University of Louisville (US)
- University of Washington (US)
- Eastern Virginia Medical School (US)
- Corresponding author
- Whiton, Kaitlyn
- ORCID
- Venue
- Sleep Health
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2015-03
- Volume
- 1
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 40-43
- ISSN
- 2352-7218 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2088948024
- Semantic Scholar
- 4e3e4c046d6e7145de63397f3a9872f2506375b8
- Cited by
- 4,404
- References
- 3
- Citations by year
- 2026: 396 · 2025: 539 · 2024: 506 · 2023: 502 · 2022: 539 · 2021: 497 · 2020: 392 · 2019: 352 · 2018: 283 · 2017: 184 · 2016: 160 · 2015: 47
- FWCI
- 338.65
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Sleep Health (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- IRIS Research product catalog (Sapienza University of Rome) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- American Thoracic Society
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
- Keywords
- RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method, sleep disorders
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