The DOI matches its Crossref record; 67 of the 67 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The prevalence of Dirofilaria immitis and D. repens in the Old World
Abstract
Dirofilaria immitis and D. repens are endemic throughout Europe and southern eastern regions of Asia and reported with increasing frequency in Africa. Nevertheless, the increased awareness of veterinary practitioners, even in countries where the prevalence is low, has led to a decrease D. immitis prevalence in dogs, especially in previously endemic/hyper-endemic areas. Prevalence has significantly increased, however, in areas where heartworm has apparently spread more recently, such as Central and North Eastern Europe. Furthermore, autochthonous cases have been observed in Siberia. Low seroprevalence has been reported in Croatia, while in Romania it has reached 14%. In Greece, the prevalence ranges between 0.7% and 25% whilst in Turkey is 0-18%. Data for canine dirofilariosis in Africa is scarce, and most are case reports. Overall, the dominant species is Achanthocheilonema dracunculoides, although both D. immitis and D. repens have been reported from some countries. In the Far East, the prevalence ranges from 2% to 15% in northeastern of China. In Hong Kong a novel species has been found in dogs and humans (Candidatus Dirofilaria hongkongensis). In India, the prevalence ranges from 4.7%-29.5% in Northeastern states. The main factors that have influenced the spreading of Dirofilaria infections are the climate changes and the introduction of new, invasive, competent mosquito species such as Aedes albopictus and Ae. koreicus. Other factors include relocation and insufficient prevention in dogs, manly in the new areas of colonization. Feline heartworm infection has been diagnosed in every European country when diagnosed either by the Knott test or by serology for circulating antibodies and antigens of the parasite. However, prevalence is much lower than in dogs. In spite of the continuing spreading of heartworm infection, D. repens is the main concern in Europe, mostly for physicians, while the infection is nearly always asymptomatic in dogs. The infection is spreading from Portugal to the Southeastern regions of Finland and Siberia, and in some areas its prevalence overlaps that of D. immitis. Many reasons make more difficult the control of D. repens than D. immitis: the frequent lack of clinical symptoms of suspicion, the specific diagnosis being possible only by blood examination and the inefficacy of some macrocyclic lactones.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Despite the substantial body of knowledge on the epidemiology of D. immitis in Spain and Portugal, few studies have jointly examined additional host and environmental variables—such as age, sex, breed, or habitat—in relation to realized transmission risk (6, 7).”
From Deciphering the socio-environmental factors associated with realized heartworm transmission risk in dogs from Portugal and Spain (2026) · cites this paper as [7]
In the citing paper
“Heartworm disease is an endemic disease that is continuously expanding in the European continent from the southern countries, traditionally endemic, to the centre and north of the continent”
From Expansion of canine heartworm in Spain (2022) · cites this paper as [5]
In the citing paper
“Spain and Portugal have traditionally been considered endemic countries, although not all regions of those countries have been studied [4].”
From What has happened to heartworm disease in Europe in the last 10 years? (2022) · cites this paper as [4]
In the citing paper
“For this reason, it is estimated that in endemic areas, such as Europe, the feline prevalence is between 5 and 20% of the canine prevalence in that same region [4].”
From What has happened to heartworm disease in Europe in the last 10 years? (2022) · cites this paper as [4]
In the citing paper
“In Greece, there has been an increase in the number of areas analysed in the recent years [4]. The reported prevalence in the urban cities of Thessaloniki, Larissa, Achaia, Attica, and Heraklion were 14, 7, 5.3, 0.7, and 0%, respectively. On the islands of Skiathos, Tinos, Ios, and Santorini, the reported prevalence was 0.5%.”
From What has happened to heartworm disease in Europe in the last 10 years? (2022) · cites this paper as [4]
In the citing paper
“Until 10 years ago, in Slovakia and Hungary, reports of D. immitis were based on isolated or imported cases [2,4,9]. However, recent studies demonstrated the endemic status of these countries.”
From What has happened to heartworm disease in Europe in the last 10 years? (2022) · cites this paper as [4]
In the citing paper
“In Italy, studies are still scarce. If previously, prevalence in cats was heterogeneous being 6.06–27% in the north and centre of the country, in addition to reports of isolated cases [4,9,123,124], in the last decade, studies in cats showed a prevalence of 17.6% in Linosa (an island halfway between the island of Sicily and the African coast of Tunisia) [40].”
From What has happened to heartworm disease in Europe in the last 10 years? (2022) · cites this paper as [4]
In the citing paper
“Several epidemiological reviews carried out in this regard [1,2,4,9,168] discussed some of these factors, such as the movement of microfilaremic reservoirs from endemic areas or travel of pets from heartworm-free regions to endemic areas.”
From What has happened to heartworm disease in Europe in the last 10 years? (2022) · cites this paper as [4]
In the citing paper
“The number of publications reporting Dirofilaria spp. infections have increased in the last two decades compared to the previous century [18, 22].”
From Vectors, host range, and spatial distribution of Dirofilaria immitis and D. repens in Europe: a systematic review (2025) · cites this paper as [22]
In the citing paper
“Finally, increasing temperatures in Europe also allowed the widespread establishment of exotic, daybiting mosquito species such as Ae. albopictus [79–81], which is an important potential vector for D. immitis and D. repens and the establishment of the species in numerous European regions has been linked to increased Dirofilaria circulation [22].”
From Vectors, host range, and spatial distribution of Dirofilaria immitis and D. repens in Europe: a systematic review (2025) · cites this paper as [22]
In the citing paper
“Finally, increasing temperatures in Europe also allowed the widespread establishment of exotic, daybiting mosquito species such as Ae. albopictus [79–81], which is an important potential vector for D. immitis and D. repens and the establishment of the species in numerous European regions has been linked to increased Dirofilaria circulation [22].”
From Vectors, host range, and spatial distribution of Dirofilaria immitis and D. repens in Europe: a systematic review (2025) · cites this paper as [22]
In the citing paper
“A particularly strong increase in the number of infections is currently observed in Eastern Europe [4,23].”
From The Incidence of Dirofilaria immitis in Shelter Dogs and Mosquitoes in Austria (2021) · cites this paper as [23]
In the citing paper
“In Europe, the parasite is predominantly found in southern countries, such as France, Greece, Italy, Portugal and Spain.”
From The Incidence of Dirofilaria immitis in Shelter Dogs and Mosquitoes in Austria (2021) · cites this paper as [23]
In the citing paper
“In addition, an increasing spread of dirofilarial infections can be observed in other countries, such as Greece, Turkey, Bulgaria and Romania [23,31,32].”
From The Incidence of Dirofilaria immitis in Shelter Dogs and Mosquitoes in Austria (2021) · cites this paper as [23]
In the citing paper
“In Europe, this has led to the modification of the epizootiological picture of diseases with key relevance in veterinary medicine, e.g., of cardiopulmonary and subcutaneous dirofilariosis caused by Dirofilaria immitis and Dirofilaria repens, respectively, and of canine angiostrongylosis due to Angiostrongylus vasorum, which have expanded their geographical distribution”
From Dirofilaria spp. and Angiostrongylus vasorum: current risk of spreading in Central and Northern Europe. (2021) · cites this paper as [10]
In the citing paper
“Dirofilaria immitis and D. repens are traditionally endemic in Southern and Eastern Europe”
From Dirofilaria spp. and Angiostrongylus vasorum: current risk of spreading in Central and Northern Europe. (2021) · cites this paper as [10]
In the citing paper
“Nevertheless, a recent increase in the number of cases was reported in Central and Northern Europe, and adjacent regions for both nematodes”
From Dirofilaria spp. and Angiostrongylus vasorum: current risk of spreading in Central and Northern Europe. (2021) · cites this paper as [10]
Citations
Cites
Human and animal dirofilariasis: The emergence of a zoonotic mosaic
Simón, F., Siles-Lucas, M., Morchón, R., González-Miguel, J., Mellado, I., Carretón, E., & Montoya-Alonso, J. A. (2012) · Clinical Microbiology Reviews · doi:10.1128/cmr.00012-12 · Cited by 834
Chapter 4 Heartworm Disease in Animals and Humans
McCall, J. W., Genchi, C., Kramer, L. H., Guerrero, J., & Venco, L. (2008) · Advances in Parasitology · doi:10.1016/s0065-308x(08)00204-2 · Cited by 609
Self-citationClimate and Dirofilaria infection in Europe
Genchi, C., Rinaldi, L., Mortarino, M., Genchi, M., & Cringoli, G. (2009) · Veterinary parasitology · doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2009.03.026 · Cited by 349
Self-citationRecent advances on Dirofilaria repens in dogs and humans in Europe
Capelli, G., Genchi, C., Baneth, G., Bourdeau, P., Brianti, E., Cardoso, L., Danesi, P., Fuehrer, H.-P., Giannelli, A., Ionică, A. M., et al. (2018) · Parasites & Vectors · doi:10.1186/s13071-018-3205-x · Cited by 298
Self-citationIs heartworm disease really spreading in Europe?
Genchi, C., Rinaldi, L., Cascone, C., Mortarino, M., & Cringoli, G. (2005) · Veterinary Parasitology · doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2005.04.009 · Cited by 222
Self-citationOtranto, D., Cantacessi, C., Dantas‐Torres, F., Brianti, E., Pfeffer, M., Genchi, C., Gubertì, V., Capelli, G., & Deplazes, P. (2015) · Veterinary Parasitology · doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2015.04.020 · Cited by 194
Self-citationSubcutaneous dirofilariosis (Dirofilaria repens): an infection spreading throughout the old world
Genchi, C., & Kramer, L. (2017) · Parasites & Vectors · doi:10.1186/s13071-017-2434-8 · Cited by 159
Self-citationTrotz‐William, L. A., & Trees, A. J. (2003) · Veterinary Record · doi:10.1136/vr.152.4.97 · Cited by 129
Sałamatin, R., Pavlikovska, T., Sagach, O., Nikolayenko, S., Kornyushin, V. V., Kharchenko, V., Masny, A., Cielecka, D., Konieczna-Sałamatin, J., Conn, D. B., et al. (2013) · Acta Parasitologica · doi:10.2478/s11686-013-0187-x · Cited by 118
Mircean, V., Dumitrache, M. O., Györke, A., Pantchev, N., Jodies, R., Mihalca, A. D., & Cozma, V. (2012) · Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases · doi:10.1089/vbz.2011.0915 · Cited by 105
Research works printed but not linked: 3
- Guerrero, 1989, Distribution of Dirofilaria immitis in selected areas of Europe and South America, Proceedings of the Heartworm Symposium’ 89, 13
- Iliev, 2017, Retrospective analysis on helminthic and protozoan infections in dogs and cats in Bulgaria, Bulg. J. Vet. Med., 20, 389
- Metlarova, 2018, Current prevalence of heartworm in stray dogs from Sofia (Bulgaria). Proceedings of 6th European Dirofilaria and Angiostrongylus days, Parasit. Vectors P12, 11, 623
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Heartworm disease – Overview, intervention, and industry perspective
Noack, S., Harrington, J. L., Carithers, D. S., Kaminsky, R., & Selzer, P. M. (2021) · International Journal for Parasitology Drugs and Drug Resistance · doi:10.1016/j.ijpddr.2021.03.004 · Cited by 145
Fuehrer, H.-P., Morelli, S., Unterköfler, M. S., Bajer, A., Bakran-Lebl, K., Dwużnik-Szarek, D., Farkas, R., Grandi, G., Heddergott, M., Jokelainen, P., et al. (2021) · Pathogens · doi:10.3390/pathogens10101268 · Cited by 96
Simón, F., Diosdado, A., Siles‐Lucas, M., Kartashev, V. V., & González‐Miguel, J. (2021) · Transboundary and Emerging Diseases · doi:10.1111/tbed.14210 · Cited by 80
What has happened to heartworm disease in Europe in the last 10 years?
Morchón, R., Montoya-Alonso, J. A., Rodríguez-Escolar, I., & Carretón, E. (2022) · Pathogens · doi:10.3390/pathogens11091042 · Cited by 69
Mendoza‐Roldan, J. A., Gabrielli, S., Cascio, A., Manoj, R. R. S., Bezerra‐Santos, M. A., Benelli, G., Brianti, E., Latrofa, M. S., & Otranto, D. (2021) · Acta Tropica · doi:10.1016/j.actatropica.2021.106083 · Cited by 62
Global impact of parasitic infections and the importance of parasite control
Kaminsky, R., & Mäser, P. (2025) · Frontiers in Parasitology · doi:10.3389/fpara.2025.1546195 · Cited by 68
Alsarraf, M., Levytska, V. A., Mierzejewska, E. J., Poliukhovych, V., Rodo, A., Alsarraf, M., Kavalevich, D., Dwużnik-Szarek, D., Behnke, J. M., & Bajer, A. (2021) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-020-80208-1 · Cited by 51
Control of companion animal parasites and impact on One Health
Giannelli, A., Schnyder, M., Wright, I. P., & Charlier, J. (2024) · One Health · doi:10.1016/j.onehlt.2024.100679 · Cited by 43
Diakou, Α., & Prichard, R. K. (2021) · Pathogens · doi:10.3390/pathogens10101323 · Cited by 39
Multisectoral Perspectives on Global Warming and Vector-borne Diseases: a Focus on Southern Europe
Adepoju, O. A., Afinowi, O. A., Tauheed, A. M., Danazumi, A. U., Dibba, L. B. S., Balogun, J. B., Gouegni, E. F., Saidu, U., Ibrahim, B., Balogun, O. O., et al. (2023) · Current Tropical Medicine Reports · doi:10.1007/s40475-023-00283-y · Cited by 43
Széll, Z., Bacsadi, Á., Szeredi, L., Nemes, C., Fézer, B., Bakcsa, E., Kalla, H., Tolnai, Z., & Sréter, T. (2020) · Veterinary Parasitology · doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2020.109067 · Cited by 36
Expansion of canine heartworm in Spain
Montoya-Alonso, J. A., Morchón, R., García-Rodríguez, S. N., Falcón-Cordón, Y., Costa-Rodríguez, N., Matos, J. I., Rodríguez Escolar, I., & Carretón, E. (2022) · Animals · doi:10.3390/ani12101268 · Cited by 35
Animal and Human Dirofilariasis in India and Sri Lanka: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Thilakarathne, S. S., Yuen, K. Y., Hassan, M. M., Yahathugoda, T. C., & Abdullah, S. (2023) · Animals · doi:10.3390/ani13091551 · Cited by 34
Petruccelli, A., Ferrara, G., Iovane, G., Schettini, R., Ciarcia, R., Caputo, V., Pompameo, M., Pagnini, U., & Montagnaro, S. (2020) · Animals · doi:10.3390/ani11010009 · Cited by 32
Human dirofilariosis in Austria: the past, the present, the future
Riebenbauer, K., Weber, P. B., Walochnik, J., Karlhofer, F. M., Winkler, S., Dorfer, S., Auer, H., Valencak, J., Laimer, M., & Handisurya, A. (2021) · Parasites & Vectors · doi:10.1186/s13071-021-04696-4 · Cited by 33
Dirofilarioses in two cats in southern Italy
Panarese, R., Iatta, R., Lia, R. P., Passantino, G., Ciccarelli, S., Gernone, F., Zatelli, A., & Otranto, D. (2021) · Parasitology Research · doi:10.1007/s00436-021-07127-6 · Cited by 31
Atapattu, U., Koehler, A. V. A., Huggins, L. G., Wiethoelter, A., Traub, R. J., & Colella, V. (2023) · One Health · doi:10.1016/j.onehlt.2023.100625 · Cited by 31
Molecular Identification of New Cases of Human Dirofilariosis (Dirofilaria repens) in Italy
Gabrielli, S., Mangano, V. D., Furzi, F., Oliva, A., Vita, S., Poscia, R., Fazii, P., Paolo, J. D., Marocco, R., Mastroianni, C. M., et al. (2021) · Pathogens · doi:10.3390/pathogens10020251 · Cited by 31
Negrón, V., Saleh, M. N., Sobotyk, C., Luksovsky, J. L., Harvey, T. V., & Verocai, G. G. (2022) · Parasites & Vectors · doi:10.1186/s13071-022-05372-x · Cited by 29
Evaluation of alternative reagents on the performance of the modified Knott’s test
Genchi, M., Ciucă, L., Vismarra, A., Ciccone, E., Cringoli, G., Kramer, L. H., & Rinaldi, L. (2021) · Veterinary Parasitology · doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2021.109555 · Cited by 28
Self-citationThe long-distance relationship between Dirofilaria and the UK: case report and literature review
Panarese, R., Moore, R., Page, A. P., McDonald, M., MacDonald, E., & Weir, W. (2023) · Frontiers in Veterinary Science · doi:10.3389/fvets.2023.1128188 · Cited by 25
New distribution patterns of Dirofilaria immitis in Italy
Napoli, E., Benedetto, G. D., Ciucă, L., Bosco, A., Lia, R. P., Veneziano, V., Bezerra‐Santos, M. A., Otranto, D., Rinaldi, L., & Brianti, E. (2023) · Frontiers in Veterinary Science · doi:10.3389/fvets.2023.1162403 · Cited by 24
Hattendorf, C., & Lühken, R. (2025) · Infectious Diseases of Poverty · doi:10.1186/s40249-025-01328-2 · Cited by 22
Ciucă, L., Vismarra, A., Lebon, W., Beugnet, F., Morchón, R., Rinaldi, L., Cringoli, G., Kramer, L. H., & Genchi, M. (2020) · Veterinary Parasitology · doi:10.1016/j.vpoa.2020.100029 · Cited by 21
Self-citationCurry, E., Traversa, D., Carretón, E., Kramer, L. H., Sager, H., Young, L. M., & Prichard, R. K. (2022) · Pathogens · doi:10.3390/pathogens11080934 · Cited by 20
Self-citationThe Incidence of Dirofilaria immitis in Shelter Dogs and Mosquitoes in Austria
Sonnberger, K., Fuehrer, H.-P., Sonnberger, B. W., & Leschnik, M. (2021) · Pathogens · doi:10.3390/pathogens10050550 · Cited by 19
Alsarraf, M., Carretón, E., Ciucă, L., Diakou, Α., Dwużnik-Szarek, D., Fuehrer, H., Genchi, M., Ionică, A. M., Kloch, A., Kramer, L. H., et al. (2023) · Parasites & Vectors · doi:10.1186/s13071-023-05945-4 · Cited by 20
Self-citationDantas‐Torres, F., & Otranto, D. (2020) · Parasites & Vectors · doi:10.1186/s13071-020-04158-3 · Cited by 19
Detecting Dirofilaria immitis: Current Practices and Novel Diagnostic Methods
Pietrzak, D., Łuczak, J. W., & Wiśniewski, M. (2024) · Pathogens · doi:10.3390/pathogens13110950 · Cited by 19
Alsarraf, M., Baneth, G., Bogucka‐Kocka, A., Ciucă, L., Dwużnik-Szarek, D., Fuehrer, H., Kloch, A., Kołodziej, P., Levytska, V. A., Mierzejewska, E. J., et al. (2023) · Veterinary Parasitology · doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2023.109882 · Cited by 17
Bajer, A., Alsarraf, M., Topolnytska, M., Tołkacz, K., Dwużnik-Szarek, D., & Rodo, A. (2023) · Parasites & Vectors · doi:10.1186/s13071-023-06042-2 · Cited by 16
de Oliveira, L. C., Holanda, M. M. V., Santos, M., Teles, A. V. D. A., Farias, T. C., Rodrigues, K. C., de Almeida, M. C., Filgueiras, J. R. S. R., Rocha, G. D. S., Silva, F. M. D. O. E., et al. (2025) · Editora In Vivo eBooks · doi:10.47242/978-65-87959-74-0-9 · Cited by 14
TRATAMENTO CIRÚRGICO E ADJUVANTE DAS NEOPLASIAS MAMÁRIAS EM CADELAS
Pinheiro, G. C., Felix, J. P. D. S., de Pina, S. S., Amaral, L. I. R., Almeida, M. E. D. R., Filgueiras, J. R. S. R., Trindade, L. C. B., de Castro, K. K. R., Rocha, G. D. S., Esteves, M. J. B., et al. (2025) · Editora In Vivo eBooks · doi:10.47242/978-65-87959-74-0-12 · Cited by 14
DIABETES MELLITUS EM CÃES: UMA ABORDAGEM TERAPÊUTICA
do Amaral, C. C., Passos, E. G., Guedes, R. F. D. M., Silva, F. M. D. O. E., Bezerra, B. M. O., Cortez, A. A., Chaves, R. N., Santos, B. M. B., Rondon, F. C. M., & Cruz, C. E. B. (2025) · Editora In Vivo eBooks · doi:10.47242/978-65-87959-74-0-14 · Cited by 14
Pacifico, L., Ferrari, N., Romeo, C., Buono, F., Varuzza, P., Sgroi, G., Neola, B., Buch, J. S., Beall, M. J., Breitschwerdt, E. B., et al. (2021) · Parasitology Research · doi:10.1007/s00436-021-07179-8 · Cited by 16
Palicelli, A., Veggiani, C., Rivasi, F., Gustinelli, A., & Boldorini, R. L. (2022) · Life · doi:10.3390/life12101584 · Cited by 15
Constantinoiu, C. C., Croton, C., Paterson, M., Knott, L., Henning, J., Mallyon, J., & Coleman, G. T. (2023) · Parasites & Vectors · doi:10.1186/s13071-022-05633-9 · Cited by 16
Treatment of dogs with Bravecto® (fluralaner) reduces mosquito survival and fecundity
Evans, C. C., Normile, D. M., Gamble, S., Guerino, F., Dzimianski, M. T., & Moorhead, A. R. (2023) · Parasites & Vectors · doi:10.1186/s13071-023-05682-8 · Cited by 14
Montoya-Alonso, J. A., García-Rodríguez, S. N., Matos, J. I., Costa-Rodríguez, N., Falcón-Cordón, Y., Carretón, E., & Morchón, R. (2024) · Animals · doi:10.3390/ani14142037 · Cited by 13
Mwacalimba, K. K., Sheehy, J., Adolph, C., Savadelis, M. D., Kryda, K., & Nautrup, B. P. (2024) · Frontiers in Veterinary Science · doi:10.3389/fvets.2024.1377718 · Cited by 14
McTier, T. L., Holzmer, S. J., Kryda, K., Mahabir, S. P., McCall, J. W., Trombley, J., & Maeder, S. J. (2021) · Parasites & Vectors · doi:10.1186/s13071-021-04708-3 · Cited by 13
Simultaneous Exposure to Angiostrongylus vasorum and Vector-Borne Pathogens in Dogs from Italy
Morelli, S., Gori, F., Colombo, M., Traversa, D., Sarrocco, G., Simonato, G., Nespeca, C., Di Cesare, A., Frangipane di Regalbono, A., Veronesi, F., et al. (2021) · Pathogens · doi:10.3390/pathogens10091200 · Cited by 11
Feline vector-borne diseases: from local risks to global concerns
Otranto, D., Carbonara, M., Baneth, G., Dantas‐Torres, F., Lappin, M. R., & Barrs, V. R. (2025) · Trends in Parasitology · doi:10.1016/j.pt.2025.04.009 · Cited by 11
Ghasemi, E., Shamsinia, S., Taghipour, A., Anvari, D., Bahadory, S., Shariatzadeh, S. A., Kordi, B., Majidiani, H., Borji, H., Nosrati, M. C., et al. (2020) · Parasitology · doi:10.1017/s003118202000058x · Cited by 11
Szentivanyi, T., V. González, L., Klein, Á., Soltész, Z., & Garamszegi, L. Z. (2025) · Parasites & Vectors · doi:10.1186/s13071-025-06882-0 · Cited by 10
Microfilaremic Dirofilaria repens Infection in Patient from Serbia
Otašević, S., Golubović, M., Trichei, S., Zdravković, D., Jordan, R., & Gabrielli, S. (2023) · Emerging infectious diseases · doi:10.3201/eid2912.230796 · Cited by 10
Power, R. I., & Šlapeta, J. R. (2022) · International Journal for Parasitology Drugs and Drug Resistance · doi:10.1016/j.ijpddr.2022.11.003 · Cited by 10
Wężyk, D., Romańczuk, K., Rodo, A., Kavalevich, D., & Bajer, A. (2023) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-023-29011-2 · Cited by 10
Giubega, S., Imre, M., Ilie, M. S., Imre, K., Luca, I., Florea, T., Dărăbuş, G., & Morariu, S. (2021) · Pathogens · doi:10.3390/pathogens10111400 · Cited by 11
Rodríguez-Escolar, I., Balmori-de la Puente, A., Infante González-Mohino, E., Collado-Cuadrado, M., Carretón, E., Montoya-Alonso, J. A., & Morchón, R. (2025) · Parasites & Vectors · doi:10.1186/s13071-025-07148-5 · Cited by 9
Panayotova-Pencheva, M., Šnábel, V., Dakova, V., Čabanová, V., Cavallero, S., Trifonova, A., Mirchev, R., Hurníková, Z., Vasilková, Z., & Miterpáková, M. (2020) · Helminthologia · doi:10.2478/helm-2020-0026 · Cited by 9
Veiga, J., Garrido, M., Garrigós, M., Chagas, C. R. F., & la Puente, J. M. (2024) · Animals · doi:10.3390/ani14142019 · Cited by 9
Ahmed, A., Siddig, E. E., & Mohamed, N. S. (2025) · Parasitologia · doi:10.3390/parasitologia5030029 · Cited by 10
Diekmann, I., Supali, T., Fischer, K., Iskandar, E., Sugianto, N., Destani, Y., Alfian, R., Weil, G. J., & Fischer, P. (2025) · PLoS neglected tropical diseases · doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0013593 · Cited by 9
Elimination of Dirofilaria immitis Infection in Dogs, Linosa Island, Italy, 2020–2022
Brianti, E., Napoli, E., Benedetto, G. D., Venco, L., Mendoza‐Roldan, J. A., Basile, A., Bezerra‐Santos, M. A., Drake, J., Schaper, R., & Otranto, D. (2023) · Emerging infectious diseases · doi:10.3201/eid2908.221910 · Cited by 9
An unexpected case of a dog from Poland co-infected with Dirofilaria repens and Dirofilaria Immitis
Pękacz, M., Basałaj, K., Miterpáková, M., Rusiecki, Z., Stopka, D., Graczyk, D., & Zawistowska‐Deniziak, A. (2024) · BMC Veterinary Research · doi:10.1186/s12917-024-03921-3 · Cited by 11
Rodríguez-Escolar, I., Hernández‐Lambraño, R. E., Sánchez‐Agudo, J. Á., Collado-Cuadrado, M., Sioutas, G., Papadopoulos, E., & Morchón, R. (2024) · Veterinary Parasitology · doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2024.110172 · Cited by 9
Wysmołek, M. E., Klockiewicz, M., Sobczak-Filipiak, M., Długosz, E., & Wiśniewski, M. (2020) · Frontiers in Veterinary Science · doi:10.3389/fvets.2020.577466 · Cited by 9
Vieira, V. M. D. A., da Silva, P. P., Paulino, É. T., Fernandes, P. D. A., Labarthe, N., Gazêta, G. S., & Neto, A. H. A. D. M. (2024) · Frontiers in Veterinary Science · doi:10.3389/fvets.2024.1360593 · Cited by 8
A case of human Dirofilaria repens in Rome, Italy: A clinical and radiological challenge
Campana, I., Fania, L., Samela, T., Campana, L., Zecchi, V., Ricci, F., & ABENI, D. D. (2022) · Dermatology Reports · doi:10.4081/dr.2022.9354 · Cited by 8
Dirofilaria immitis conquering the regions in Slovakia previously endemic for D. repens
Miterpáková, M., Valentová, D., & Hurníková, Z. (2023) · Parasitology Research · doi:10.1007/s00436-023-07983-4 · Cited by 8
Singh, S., Davenport, K. A., Schooley, E. K., Ruggiero, A., Nassar, S., Buch, J. S., & Chandrashekar, R. (2023) · Viruses · doi:10.3390/v15102117 · Cited by 11
Cavalera, M. A., Gusatoaia, O., Uva, A., Gernone, F., Tarallo, V. D., Donghia, R., Silvestrino, M., & Zatelli, A. (2024) · Frontiers in Veterinary Science · doi:10.3389/fvets.2024.1371690 · Cited by 8
Šiljegović, S., Mouillaud, T., Jiolle, D., Petrić, D. V., Ignjatović‐Ćupina, A., Vasić, A., Paupy, C., & Kavran, M. (2024) · Animals · doi:10.3390/ani14091255 · Cited by 8
The Immunological Role of Vascular and Lymphatic Endothelial Cells in Filarial Infections
Wysmołek, M. E., Długosz, E., & Wiśniewski, M. (2022) · Animals · doi:10.3390/ani12040426 · Cited by 8
Genchi, M., Venco, L., Melideo, O., Kramer, L., Fozzer, M., & Vismarra, A. (2025) · Parasites & Vectors · doi:10.1186/s13071-025-07059-5 · Cited by 7
Self-citationThe Distribution, Diversity, and Control of Dirofilariosis in Brazil: A Comprehensive Review
Chocobar, M. L. E., Schmidt, E. M. D. S., Weir, W., & Panarese, R. (2024) · Animals · doi:10.3390/ani14172462 · Cited by 11
Current Enzooticity of Dirofilaria immitis and Angiostrongylus vasorum in Central and Southern Italy
Traversa, D., Morelli, S., Cesare, A. D., Astuti, C., Barlaam, A., Colombo, M., Veronesi, F., Paoletti, B., Iorio, R., Maggi, R., et al. (2025) · Animals · doi:10.3390/ani15020172 · Cited by 7
Raele, D. A., Pugliese, N., Bella, G. L., Calvario, A., Scarasciulli, M. L., Vasco, I., Salandra, G. L., & Cafiero, M. A. (2021) · American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene · doi:10.4269/ajtmh.20-1360 · Cited by 7
Hematological parameters of dogs for parasitism Dirofilaria immitis
Kryvoruchenko, D. O. (2022) · Ukrainian Journal of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences · doi:10.32718/ujvas5-1.06 · Cited by 7
Emerging risk of Dirofilaria spp. infection in shelter dogs in southern Italy
Ciucă, L., Caruso, V., Illiano, S., Bosco, A., Maurelli, M. P., & Rinaldi, L. (2023) · Frontiers in Veterinary Science · doi:10.3389/fvets.2023.1112036 · Cited by 8
Orioles, M., Fabbri, D., Miani, G., Pesaro, S., Dorigo, L., Bregoli, M. E., Saccà, E., Tomè, P., & Beraldo, P. (2024) · International Journal for Parasitology Parasites and Wildlife · doi:10.1016/j.ijppaw.2024.100969 · Cited by 7
Goh, Y.-S., Kim, H.-M., Alkathiri, B., Chang, H. S., Yoon, Y. M., Lee, S., & Park, K. (2022) · Parasitology International · doi:10.1016/j.parint.2022.102683 · Cited by 7
Veterinary Diagnosis of Filarial Infection
Evans, C. C., Pilotte, N., Williams, S. A., & Moorhead, A. R. (2022) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9783527823413.ch6 · Cited by 6
Dumitrache, M. O., D’Amico, G., Voiniţchi, E., Maximenco, S., Mircean, V., & Ionică, A. M. (2021) · Parasites & Vectors · doi:10.1186/s13071-021-04891-3 · Cited by 6
Uncovering human Dirofilaria repens infections: new cases in Southern Italy
Ciucă, L., Gabrielli, S., Forgione, P., Napoli, E. D., Paciello, O., Panariello, M. V., Ascierto, M., Petrullo, L., Montella, M. O., Maurelli, M. P., et al. (2025) · Parasitology · doi:10.1017/s0031182025000290 · Cited by 6
Detection of Dirofilaria DNA and host blood-meal identification in Culicoides paolae biting midges
Napoli, E., Panarese, R., Russa, F. L., Cambera, I., Mendoza‐Roldan, J. A., Otranto, D., & Brianti, E. (2022) · Parasitology · doi:10.1017/s0031182022000440 · Cited by 6
Dirofilariosis caused by Dirofilaria immitis in the south of Kerman province, Iran
Naderi, A., Sharifi, I., Aflatoonian, M. R., Mostafavi, M., Parizi, M. H., Mashayekhi, J., Mashayekhi, M., Nikpour, S., & Bamorovat, M. (2021) · Microbial Pathogenesis · doi:10.1016/j.micpath.2021.104863 · Cited by 6
Genetic variability of Dirofilaria repens isolates from humans and dogs in Italy
Gabrielli, S., Brustenga, L., Morganti, G., Ciucă, L., Barlozzari, G., Rigamonti, G., Orlandi, M., Sforna, M., & Veronesi, F. (2023) · Veterinary Parasitology · doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2023.110096 · Cited by 5
Naletilić, Š., Gagović, E., Mihaljević, Ž., Polkinghorne, A., Beck, A., & Beck, R. (2024) · Parasites & Vectors · doi:10.1186/s13071-024-06576-z · Cited by 7
Vismarra, A., Genchi, M., Maltoni, A., Semeraro, M., Kramer, L. H., Calzolari, M., Grisendi, A., Dalmonte, G., & Fozzer, M. (2025) · Parasites & Vectors · doi:10.1186/s13071-025-06828-6 · Cited by 5
Self-citationA Rare Case Report of a Human Dirofilaria repens Infection
Schatz, C., Füßl, M., Caf, Y., Schmitz, K., Kresse, D., Ludwig, W., Walochnik, J., & Knabl, L. (2025) · Microorganisms · doi:10.3390/microorganisms13030476 · Cited by 5
González‐Miguel, J., Akhmadishina, L. V., Ruzina, M. N., Kyuregyan, K. K., Михайлов, М. И., & Lukashev, A. N. (2020) · Journal of Helminthology · doi:10.1017/s0022149x20000760 · Cited by 5
Gutiérrez-Jara, J. P., Salazar-Viedma, M., González, C. R., & Cancino‐Faure, B. (2021) · Acta Tropica · doi:10.1016/j.actatropica.2021.106230 · Cited by 6
Mõttus, M., Mõtsküla, P. F., & Jokelainen, P. (2024) · Parasites & Vectors · doi:10.1186/s13071-024-06217-5 · Cited by 5
Filarial DAF-12 sense the host serum to resume iL3 development during infection
Betous, R., Emile, A., Che, H., Guchen, E., Concordet, D., Long, T., Noack, S., Selzer, P. M., Prichard, R. K., & Lespine, A. (2023) · PLoS Pathogens · doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1011462 · Cited by 4
How Italian practitioners manage dirofilariosis in dogs and cats? Data of a second national survey
Genchi, M., Kramer, L. H., Venco, L., Ciucă, L., & Vismarra, A. (2023) · Veterinary Parasitology Regional Studies and Reports · doi:10.1016/j.vprsr.2023.100934 · Cited by 4
Self-citationVillanueva‐Saz, S., Martínez, M. V., Alsina, S., Fernández, A., Gómez, Á., Verde, M., Ruíz, H., Lacasta, D., Alnassan, A. A., Trotta, M., et al. (2023) · Veterinary Research Communications · doi:10.1007/s11259-023-10250-7 · Cited by 4
Is dirofilariosis an emerging conservation threat in wild carnivores across the Palearctic?
Szentiványi, T., & Garamszegi, L. Z. (2024) · Mammal Review · doi:10.1111/mam.12353 · Cited by 4
Differential diagnosis of Dirofilaria immitis nematodes (Nematoda, Onchocercidae)
Kryvoruchenko, D. O., Prykhodko, Y. O., Mazannyі, O. V., Тітаренко, О. В., Reva, I., & Шерстюк, Л. М. (2021) · Regulatory Mechanisms in Biosystems · doi:10.15421/022188 · Cited by 4
Pękacz, M., Slivinska, K., Vyniarska, A., Basałaj, K., Kalinowska, A., Wesołowska, A., Laskowska, A., Kysterna, O., Klietsov, A., Miterpáková, M., et al. (2025) · BMC Veterinary Research · doi:10.1186/s12917-025-04867-w · Cited by 3
The seroprevalence of canine dirofilariosis in dogs in the eastern coastal areas of China
Cai, D., Tian, B., Liu, Y., Rehman, M. U., Ranucci, D., Veronesi, F., Varcasia, A., Jia, W., & Liu, J. (2023) · Heliyon · doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17009 · Cited by 3
Esteban-Mendoza, M. V., Quiceno, V. H. A., Chacón, C. R., Jaimes-Dueñez, J. E., Tique-Oviedo, M., Bustos, A. D., Castellanos, M. F., & Morchón, R. (2024) · Frontiers in Veterinary Science · doi:10.3389/fvets.2024.1368307 · Cited by 3
Villa-Mancera, A., Castillo-Barojas, M., Trejo-Campos, A., Meneses, E. C. F., Robles-Robles, J. M., Olivares-Pérez, J., Olmedo‐Juárez, A., Utrera-Quintana, F., González-Gardúño, R., Pérez-Mendoza, N., et al. (2024) · Parasitologia · doi:10.3390/parasitologia4030024 · Cited by 3
An investigation of Dirofilaria immitis infection and its effects on mosquito wingbeat frequencies
Park, D., Bowles, J. V., McKenzie, B. A., Narayanan, H. V., Prakash, M., Blagburn, B. L., Starkey, L. A., & Zohdy, S. (2020) · Veterinary Parasitology · doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2020.109112 · Cited by 3
Rolle systemischer Infektionen bei Nierenerkrankungen des Hundes
Preyß-Jägeler, C., Hartmann, K., & Dorsch, R. (2022) · Tierärztliche Praxis Ausgabe K Kleintiere / Heimtiere · doi:10.1055/a-1811-6186 · Cited by 3
Vercelli, C., Bertolotti, L., Gelsi, E., Gazza, C., & Re, G. (2022) · Veterinary Sciences · doi:10.3390/vetsci9080408 · Cited by 3
Unusual cause of unilateral facial oedema: intramuscular dirofilariasis
Dosemane, D., Khadilkar, M. N., Sriperumbudur, S., & Aggarwal, I. (2023) · European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology · doi:10.1007/s00405-023-08057-y · Cited by 3
ЕПІЗООТОЛОГІЧНІ ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ДИРОФІЛЯРІОЗУ СОБАК У МІСТІ ХАРКІВ
Євстаф’єва, В. О., & Kryvoruchenko, D. O. (2022) · Вісник Полтавської державної аграрної академії · doi:10.31210/visnyk2022.03.23 · Cited by 3
Discovery and Development of New Antifilarial Drugs ( In Vitro Assays)
Rufener, L., Vernudachi, A., Kaminsky, R., & Duguet, T. (2022) · doi:10.1002/9783527823413.ch15 · Cited by 3
Metadata
- Authors
- Genchi, C., & Kramer, L. H.
- Affiliations
- University of Milan (IT)
- University of Parma (IT)
- Corresponding author
- Genchi, Claudio
- ORCID
- Kramer, Laura Helen
- Venue
- Veterinary Parasitology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2020-04
- Volume
- 280
- Pages
- 108995
- ISSN
- 0304-4017 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2989855055
- Semantic Scholar
- 871110b46e0a4cab5624a2d96b79c559686f4add
- Cited by
- 187
- References
- 67
- Citations by year
- 2026: 29 · 2025: 42 · 2024: 26 · 2023: 29 · 2022: 29 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 11
- FWCI
- 2.13
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Veterinary Parasitology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Parasitic Diseases Research and Treatment
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Parasitology › Helminth infection and control
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Research on Leishmaniasis Studies
- Keywords
- Dirofilaria immitis, Dirofilaria repens, canine heartworm disease, feline heartworm infection, prevalence, invasive mosquito species, Aedes albopictus, Aedes koreicus, climate change, disease spread, seroprevalence, macrocyclic lactones, Old World
- MeSH terms
- Africa, Animals, Asia, Cat Diseases, Cats, Dirofilaria immitis, Dirofilariasis, Dog Diseases, Dogs, Europe, Prevalence, Dirofilaria repens
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
