Seroprevalence and Geographic Distribution of Dirofilaria immitis and Tick-Borne Infections ( Anaplasma phagocytophilum , Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, and Ehrlichia canis ) in Dogs from Romania

Mircean, Viorica; Dumitrache, Mirabela Oana; Györke, Adriana; Pantchev, Nikola; Jodies, Robert; Mihalca, Andrei Daniel; Cozma, Vasile

doi:10.1089/vbz.2011.0915

Cited by 105Vector-borne infectious diseasesParasitic Diseases Research and TreatmentBrucella: diagnosis, epidemiology, treatment

Seroprevalence and Geographic Distribution of Dirofilaria immitis and Tick-Borne Infections ( Anaplasma phagocytophilum , Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, and Ehrlichia canis ) in Dogs from Romania

Mircean, Viorica, Dumitrache, Mirabela Oana, Györke, Adriana, Pantchev, Nikola, Jodies, Robert, Mihalca, Andrei Daniel, Cozma, Vasile·2012·Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases

DOI 10.1089/vbz.2011.0915

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Abstract

Tick-borne diseases are of great concern worldwide. Despite this, in Romania there is only limited information regarding the prevalence of vector-borne pathogens in dogs. In all, 1146 serum samples were tested by SNAP(®) 4Dx(®) (IDEXX Laboratories, Inc., Westbrook, ME) for Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Borrelia burgdorferi, and Ehrlichia canis antibodies, and for Dirofilaria immitis antigen. The correlation between positive cases and their geographic distribution, as well as potential risk factors (age, sex, breed, type of dog, habitat, and prophylactic treatments) were evaluated. Overall, 129 dogs (11.3%) were serologically-positive to one or more of the tested pathogens. The seroprevalence for the four infectious agents were: A. phagocytophilum 5.5% (63/1146), D. immitis 3.3% (38/1146), E. canis 2.1% (24/1146), and B. burgdorferi 0.5% (6/1146). Co-infection with E. canis and A. phagocytophilum was registered in 2 dogs (0.2%). The geographical distribution of the seropositive cases suggests clustered foci in southern regions and in the western part of the country for D. immitis, and in the southeastern region (Constanţa County) for E. canis. A. phagocytophilum and B. burgdorferi showed a homogenous distribution, with a tendency for Lyme-positive samples to concentrate in central Romania. For D. immitis, A. phagocytophilum, and E. canis, administering prophylactic treatments was a risk factor associated with infection. Another associated risk factor was the type of dog (stray dogs were at risk being positive for D. immitis, shelter dogs for E. canis, and hunting dogs for B. burgdorferi). The prevalence of D. immitis was significantly higher in males and in dogs older than 2 years. This survey represents the first data detailing A. phagocytophilum and E. canis seroprevalence in Romanian dogs, and the most comprehensive epidemiological study on vector-borne infections in dogs from this country.

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Romania and Bulgaria are endemic countries, showing increased prevalence in the last decade.
“Romania and Bulgaria are endemic countries as well, showing increased prevalence in the last decade.”
From What has happened to heartworm disease in Europe in the last 10 years? (2022) · cites this paper as [75]
In Romania, reported canine heartworm prevalence has been increasing in correlation with increased interest and publications, with average prevalences of 3.3 and 6.15% reported by Mircean et al. and Ionică et al., respectively.
“In Romania, reported prevalence has been increasing in correlation with increased interest and publications on canine heartworm. Mircean et al. [74] and Ionică et al. [75] reported average prevalence of 3.3 and 6.15%, respectively.”
From What has happened to heartworm disease in Europe in the last 10 years? (2022) · cites this paper as [75]

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“Ehrlichia spp., a gram-negative bacterium primarily transmitted by Rhipicephalus sanguineus , has also been detected in Romania, with local prevalences ranging from 2.1% to 11.1% (Mircean et al. 2012).”
Influential

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Authors: Mircean, V., Dumitrache, M. O., Györke, A., Pantchev, N., Jodies, R., Mihalca, A. D., & Cozma, V.
Affiliations: University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca (RO)
IDEXX Laboratories (France) (FR)
IDEXX Laboratories (United States) (US)
Corresponding author: Dumitrache, Mirabela Oana
ORCID: Dumitrache, Mirabela Oana
Györke, Adriana
Mihalca, Andrei Daniel
Cozma, Vasile
Venue: Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Published: 2012-07
Volume: 12
Issue: 7
Pages: 595-604
ISSN: 1530-3667 (ISSN-L)
1557-7759
DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2011.0915
OpenAlex: W2080468264
Cited by: 105
References: 67
Citations by year: 2026: 2 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 3
FWCI: 7.29
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license (tdm)
Locations: Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Parasitology › Vector-borne infectious diseases
Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Parasitic Diseases Research and Treatment
Health Sciences › Veterinary › Small Animals › Brucella: diagnosis, epidemiology, treatment
Keywords: Dirofilaria immitis, canine heartworm disease, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, Ehrlichia canis, tick-borne diseases, seroprevalence, geographic distribution, co-infection, risk factors, stray dogs, prophylaxis, dogs, Romania
MeSH terms: Animals, Antibodies, Bacterial, Antibodies, Helminth, Dirofilaria immitis, Dirofilariasis, Dog Diseases, Dogs, Female, Geography, Lyme Disease, Male, Risk Factors, Romania, Prevalence, Seroepidemiologic Studies, Ehrlichiosis, Tick-Borne Diseases, Borrelia burgdorferi, Ehrlichia canis, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Coinfection

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Seroprevalence and Geographic Distribution of Dirofilaria immitis and Tick-Borne Infections ( Anaplasma phagocytophilum , Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, and Ehrlichia canis ) in Dogs from Romania

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