Systematic review of the distribution of the major vector‐borne parasitic infections in dogs and cats in Europe
Abstract
On the basis of a systematic review of the literature, this paper provides the first evidence‐based maps of the distribution of the major vector‐borne parasitic infections of dogs and cats in Europe. From an initial survey of 894 publications, data from 268 were analysed, summarised and collated. Prevalence data were used to calculate the force of infection to provide distribution and incidence maps for canine infections with Leishmania infantum, Dirofilaria immitis, Dirofilaria repens, Babesia canis and Ehrlichia canis . There was little information from some areas but, in spite of its acknowledged incompleteness, the study provides an evidence‐based framework upon which to assess the risks of infection, and will provide a basis, by correlation with climatic and vegetation data, to derive more comprehensive risk assessment maps for Europe. To clinicians in both endemic and non‐endemic countries, it will be of assistance in decision‐making with respect to diagnosis and preventive measures.
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Transport of pets has significantly increased during the twenty-first century as a consequence of the Pet Travel Scheme introduced by the European Union in 2000, leading to an increase in imported cases.
“Transport of pets has significantly increased during the twenty-first century as a consequence of the Pet Travel Scheme, which was introduced by the European Union in 2000 and made travel of companion animals significantly easier and led to an increase in imported cases [27].”
From Vectors, host range, and spatial distribution of Dirofilaria immitis and D. repens in Europe: a systematic review (2025) · cites this paper as [27]
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- Authors
- Trotz‐William, L. A., & Trees, A. J.
- Affiliations
- University of Liverpool (GB)
- ORCID
- Trees, A. J.
- Venue
- Veterinary Record
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2003-01
- Volume
- 152
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 97-105
- ISSN
- 0042-4900 (ISSN-L)
- 2042-7670
- OpenAlex
- W2151662792
- Cited by
- 129
- References
- 38
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 0.91
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Veterinary Record (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- LSTM Online Archive (Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine) (submittedVersion)
- HighWire Press Open Archive (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Pet Plan Charitable Trust, Middlesex, UK
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Parasitology › Vector-borne infectious diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Research on Leishmaniasis Studies
- Health Sciences › Veterinary › Small Animals › Helminth infection and control
- Keywords
- dogs, cats, Leishmania infantum, Dirofilaria immitis, Dirofilaria repens, Babesia canis, Ehrlichia canis, prevalence, force of infection, risk assessment, Europe
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Disease Vectors, Europe, Parasitic Diseases, Animal, Incidence
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