Cited by 144Regulation of Appetite and ObesityAdipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic DiseasesNeuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 67 of the 67 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Hypothalamic inflammation and energy homeostasis: Resolving the paradox

Thaler, Joshua P., Choi, Sun Ju, Schwartz, Michael W., Wisse, Brent E.·2010·Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology

DOI 10.1016/j.yfrne.2009.10.002

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Determining the effect of hypothalamic inflammatory signals on energy balance presents a paradox. On the one hand, a large body of work has identified inflammatory signaling in the hypothalamus as an essential mediator of the sickness response--the anorexia, cachexia, fever, inactivity, lethargy, anhedonia and adipsia that are triggered by systemic inflammatory stimuli and promote negative energy balance. On the other hand, numerous recent studies implicate inflammatory activation within the hypothalamus as a key factor whereby high-fat diets--and saturated fats in particular--cause central leptin and insulin resistance and thereby promote the defense of elevated body weight. This paradox will likely remain unresolved until several issues have been addressed. Firstly, the hypothalamus--unlike many peripheral inflamed tissues--is an extremely heterogeneous tissue comprised of astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglia, endothelial cells, ependymal cells as well as numerous neuronal subgroups. Determining exactly which cells activate defined inflammatory signals in response to a particular stimulus--i.e. sepsis vs. nutrient excess--may yield critical clues. Secondly, for the sake of simplicity many studies evaluate inflammation as an on/off phenomenon. More realistically, inflammatory signaling occurs as a cascade or cycle that changes and progresses over time. Accordingly, even within the same cell type, the low-grade, chronic signal induced by nutrient excess may invoke a different cascade of signals than a strong, acute signal such as sepsis. In addition, because tolerance can develop to certain inflammatory mediators, physiological outcomes may not correlate with early biochemical markers. Lastly, the neuroanatomical location, magnitude, and duration of the inflammatory stimulus can undoubtedly influence the net CNS response. Rigorously evaluating the progression of the inflammatory signaling cascade within specific hypothalamic cell types is a key next step towards resolving the paradox surrounding the effect of inflammatory signaling on energy homeostasis.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/j.yfrne.2009.10.002

Cites

67 of 67 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Obesity is associated with macrophage accumulation in adipose tissue
Weisberg, S. P., McCann, D., Desai, M., Rosenbaum, M., Leibel, R. L., & Ferrante, A. W. (2003) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci200319246 · Cited by 10,041
Inflammation and metabolic disorders
Hotamisligil, G. S. (2006) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature05485 · Cited by 9,199
Metabolic Endotoxemia Initiates Obesity and Insulin Resistance
Cani, P. D., Amar, J., Iglesias, M. A., Poggi, M., Knauf, C., Bastelica, D., Neyrinck, A. M., Fava, F., Tuohy, K. M., Chabo, C., et al. (2007) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db06-1491 · Cited by 6,638
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue Releases Interleukin-6, But Not Tumor Necrosis Factor-α,in Vivo1
Mohamed‐Ali, V., Goodrick, S., Rawesh, A., Katz, D. R., Miles, J. M., Yudkin, J. S., Klein, S., & Coppack, S. W. (1997) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.82.12.4450 · Cited by 2,032
Hypothalamic IKKβ/NF-κB and ER Stress Link Overnutrition to Energy Imbalance and Obesity
Zhang, X., Zhang, G., Zhang, H., Karin, M., Bai, H., & Cai, D. (2008) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2008.07.043 · Cited by 1,350
Interleukin-6-deficient mice develop mature-onset obesity
Wallenius, V., Wallenius, K., Ahrén, B., Rudling, M., Carlsten, H., Dickson, S. L., Ohlsson, C., & Jansson, J.-O. (2002) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm0102-75 · Cited by 1,213
Consumption of a Fat-Rich Diet Activates a Proinflammatory Response and Induces Insulin Resistance in the Hypothalamus
De Souza, C. T., Araujo, E. P., Bordin, S., Ashimine, R., Zollner, R. L., Boschero, A. C., Saad, M. J. A., & Velloso, L. A. (2005) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2004-1520 · Cited by 1,171
Saturated fatty acids produce an inflammatory response predominantly through the activation of TLR4 signaling in hypothalamus: implications for the pathogenesis of obesity
Milanski, M., Degasperi, G., Coope, A., Morari, J., Denis, R., Cintra, D. E., Tsukumo, D. M. L., Anhe, G., Amaral, M. E., Takahashi, H. K., et al. (2009) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.2760-08.2009 · Cited by 1,125
Cytokine-induced sickness behaviour: mechanisms and implications
Konsman, J. P., Parnet, P., & Dantzer, R. (2002) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/s0166-2236(00)02088-9 · Cited by 999
Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Plays a Central Role in Development of Leptin Resistance
Ozcan, L., Ergin, A. S., Lu, A., Chung, J., Sarkar, S., Nie, D., Myers, M. G., & Ozcan, U. (2009) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2008.12.004 · Cited by 875

Show all 67 references

Sorted by citations

Anorexigenic and Orexigenic Hormone Modulation of Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Complex 1 Activity and the Regulation of Hypothalamic Agouti-Related Protein mRNA Expression
Watterson, K. R., Bestow, D., Gallagher, J. R., Hamilton, D. L., Ashford, F. B., Meakin, P. J., & Ashford, M. L. J. (2012) · Neurosignals · doi:10.1159/000334144 · Cited by 3,395
Inflammatory links between obesity and metabolic disease
Lumeng, C. N., & Saltiel, A. R. (2011) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci57132 · Cited by 2,319
The inflammation highway: metabolism accelerates inflammatory traffic in obesity
Johnson, A. R., Justin Milner, J., & Makowski, L. (2012) · Immunological Reviews · doi:10.1111/j.1600-065x.2012.01151.x · Cited by 603
Unsaturated fatty acids revert diet-induced hypothalamic inflammation in obesity
Cintra, D. E., Ropelle, E. R., Moraes, J. C., Pauli, J. R., Morari, J., de Souza, C. T., Grimaldi, R., Stahl, M., Carvalheira, J. B., Saad, M. J., et al. (2012) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0030571 · Cited by 381
Potential of plant polyphenols to combat oxidative stress and inflammatory processes in farm animals
Geßner, D. K., Ringseis, R., & Eder, K. (2016) · Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition · doi:10.1111/jpn.12579 · Cited by 370
Minireview: Inflammation and Obesity Pathogenesis: The Hypothalamus Heats Up
Thaler, J. P., & Schwartz, M. W. (2010) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2010-0336 · Cited by 313
Self-citation
Hyperleptinemia Is Required for the Development of Leptin Resistance
Knight, Z. A., Hannan, K. S., Greenberg, M. L., & Friedman, J. M. (2010) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0011376 · Cited by 311
Selective Insulin and Leptin Resistance in Metabolic Disorders
Könner, A. C., & Brüning, J. C. (2012) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2012.07.004 · Cited by 320
Hypothalamic and brainstem neuronal circuits controlling homeostatic energy balance.
Schneeberger, M., Gomis, R., & Claret, M. (2014) · Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1530/joe-13-0398 · Cited by 301
Food reward, hyperphagia, and obesity
Berthoud, H.-R., Lenard, N. R., & Shin, A. C. (2011) · American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00028.2011 · Cited by 275
Neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in overnutrition-induced diseases
Cai, D. (2013) · Trends in Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.tem.2012.11.003 · Cited by 256
Low-Grade Hypothalamic Inflammation Leads to Defective Thermogenesis, Insulin Resistance, and Impaired Insulin Secretion
Arruda, A. P., Milanski, M., Coope, A., Torsoni, A. S., Ropelle, E. R., de Carvalho, D. P., Carvalheira, J. B. C., & Velloso, L. A. (2011) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2010-0659 · Cited by 207
Hypothalamic Inflammation in the Control of Metabolic Function
Valdearcos, M., Xu, A. W., & Koliwad, S. K. (2015) · Annual Review of Physiology · doi:10.1146/annurev-physiol-021014-071656 · Cited by 209
Innate sensors of pathogen and stress: Linking inflammation to obesity
Jin, C., & Flavell, R. A. (2013) · Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2013.06.022 · Cited by 197
Central nervous system regulation of eating: Insights from human brain imaging
Farr, O. M., Li, C. R., & Mantzoros, C. S. (2016) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2016.02.002 · Cited by 201
The impact of obesity on neurodegenerative diseases.
Mazon, J. N., de Mello, A. H., Ferreira, G. K., & Rezin, G. T. (2017) · Life Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2017.06.002 · Cited by 185
Inflammation during obesity is not all bad: evidence from animal and human studies
Ye, J., & McGuinness, O. P. (2012) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00266.2012 · Cited by 178
Hypoxia, energy balance and obesity: from pathophysiological mechanisms to new treatment strategies
Kayser, B., & Vergès, S. (2013) · Obesity Reviews · doi:10.1111/obr.12034 · Cited by 165
Mood Disorders and Obesity: Understanding Inflammation as a Pathophysiological Nexus
Soczynska, J. K., Kennedy, S. H., Woldeyohannes, H. O., Liauw, S. S. L., Alsuwaidan, M. T., Yim, C. Y., & McIntyre, R. S. (2010) · NeuroMolecular Medicine · doi:10.1007/s12017-010-8140-8 · Cited by 167
Neuropsychiatric Comorbidity in Obesity: Role of Inflammatory Processes
Castanon, N., Lasselin, J., & Capuron, L. (2014) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2014.00074 · Cited by 168
Hypothalamic inflammation: a double‐edged sword to nutritional diseases
Cai, D., & Liu, T. (2011) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2011.06388.x · Cited by 162
Hypothalamic dysfunction in obesity
Williams, L. M. (2012) · Proceedings of The Nutrition Society · doi:10.1017/s002966511200078x · Cited by 148
Thyroid Hormone Signaling and Homeostasis During Aging
Bowers, J., Terrien, J., Clerget-Froidevaux, M. S., Gothié, J. D., Rozing, M. P., Westendorp, R. G. J., van Heemst, D., & Demeneix, B. A. (2013) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/er.2012-1056 · Cited by 117
Brain and cardiovascular diseases: common neurogenic background of cardiovascular, metabolic and inflammatory diseases.
Szczepanska‐Sadowska, E. K., Cudnoch‐Jędrzejewska, A., Ufnal, M., & Żera, T. (2010) · PubMed · Cited by 119
“Liking” and “wanting” of sweet and oily food stimuli as affected by high-fat diet-induced obesity, weight loss, leptin, and genetic predisposition
Shin, A. C., Townsend, R. L., Patterson, L. M., & Berthoud, H. (2011) · American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00314.2011 · Cited by 110
High‐Fat Diet Induces Leptin Resistance in Leptin‐Deficient Mice
Koch, C. E., Lowe, C., Pretz, D., Steger, J., Williams, L. M., & Tups, A. (2014) · Journal of Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1111/jne.12131 · Cited by 111
Differential Acute and Chronic Effects of Leptin on Hypothalamic Astrocyte Morphology and Synaptic Protein Levels
García‐Cáceres, C., Fuente-Martín, E., Burgos‐Ramos, E., Granado, M., Frago, L. M., Barrios, V., Horváth, T. L., Argente, J., & Chowen, J. A. (2011) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2010-1252 · Cited by 115
Dioxins, the aryl hydrocarbon receptor and the central regulation of energy balance
Lindén, J., Lensu, S., Tuomisto, J., & Pohjanvirta, R. (2010) · Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.yfrne.2010.07.002 · Cited by 108
Models and mechanisms for hippocampal dysfunction in obesity and diabetes
Stranahan, A. M. (2015) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.04.045 · Cited by 104
Adipose tissue inflammation in glucose metabolism
Kammoun, H. L., Kraakman, M. J., & Febbraio, M. A. (2013) · Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders · doi:10.1007/s11154-013-9274-4 · Cited by 101
From Infection to Death: An Overview of the Pathogenesis of Visceral Leishmaniasis
Costa, C. H. N., Chang, K. P., Costa, D. L., & Cunha, F. V. M. (2023) · Pathogens · doi:10.3390/pathogens12070969 · Cited by 109
Central IKKβ inhibition prevents air pollution mediated peripheral inflammation and exaggeration of type II diabetes
Liu, C., Fonken, L. K., Wang, A., Maiseyeu, A., Bai, Y., Wang, T.-Y., Maurya, S. K., Ko, Y.-A., Periasamy, M., Dvonch, T. J., et al. (2014) · Particle and Fibre Toxicology · doi:10.1186/s12989-014-0053-5 · Cited by 96
Hypothalamic Obesity in Craniopharyngioma Patients: Disturbed Energy Homeostasis Related to Extent of Hypothalamic Damage and Its Implication for Obesity Intervention
Roth, C. L. (2015) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm4091774 · Cited by 90
Hypothalamic TLR2 triggers sickness behavior via a microglia-neuronal axis
Jin, S., Kim, J. G., Park, J. W., Koch, M., Horváth, T. L., & Lee, B. J. (2016) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep29424 · Cited by 84
Transcriptional mechanism of IRF8 and PU.1 governs microglial activation in neurodegenerative condition
Zhou, N., Liu, K., Sun, Y., Cao, Y., & Yang, J. (2019) · Protein & Cell · doi:10.1007/s13238-018-0599-3 · Cited by 81
Hypothalamic inflammation in metabolic disorders and aging
Bhusal, A., Rahman, M. H., & Suk, K. (2021) · Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences · doi:10.1007/s00018-021-04019-x · Cited by 87
Hypothalamic Astrocytes in Obesity
García‐Cáceres, C., Yi, C., & Tschöp, M. H. (2012) · Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.ecl.2012.11.003 · Cited by 77
Inflammation of the Hypothalamus Leads to Defective Pancreatic Islet Function
Calegari, V. C., Torsoni, A. S., Vanzela, E. C., ARAUJO, E. P. D., Morari, J., Zoppi, C. C., Sbragia, L., Boschero, A. C., & Velloso, L. A. (2011) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m110.173021 · Cited by 77
Retracted
Activation of Microglia in Specific Hypothalamic Nuclei and the Cerebellum of Adult Rats Exposed to Neonatal Overnutrition
Tapia‐González, S., García-Segura, L. M., Tena‐Sempere, M., Frago, L. M., Castellano, J. M., Fuente-Martín, E., García‐Cáceres, C., Argente, J., & Chowen, J. A. (2011) · Journal of Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2826.2011.02113.x · Cited by 77
Hypothalamic JNK1 and IKKβ Activation and Impaired Early Postnatal Glucose Metabolism after Maternal Perinatal High-Fat Feeding
Rother, E., Kuschewski, R., Alcazar, M. A. A., Oberthuer, A., Bae‐Gartz, I., Vohlen, C., Roth, B., & Dötsch, J. (2011) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2011-1589 · Cited by 72
Intake of trans fatty acids during gestation and lactation leads to hypothalamic inflammation via TLR4/NFκBp65 signaling in adult offspring
Pimentel, G. D., Lira, F. S., Neto, J. C. R., de Oliveira, J. L., Hachul, A. C. L., Souza, G. I. H., do Carmo, M. D. G. T., dos Santos, R. V. T., de Mello, M. T., Tufik, S., et al. (2011) · The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/j.jnutbio.2010.12.003 · Cited by 68
Leptin in Anorexia and Cachexia Syndrome
Engineer, D. R., & Garcia, J. M. (2012) · International Journal of Peptides · doi:10.1155/2012/287457 · Cited by 70
Linking atypical depression and insulin resistance-related disorders via low-grade chronic inflammation: Integrating the phenotypic, molecular and neuroanatomical dimensions
Sen, Z. D., Danyeli, L. V., Woelfer, M., Lamers, F., Wagner, G., Sobanski, T., & Walter, M. (2021) · Brain, Behavior, and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2020.12.020 · Cited by 65
Towards a “Metabolic” Subtype of Major Depressive Disorder: Shared Pathophysiological Mechanisms May Contribute to Cognitive Dysfunction
Liu, C., Carvalho, A., & McIntyre, R. (2015) · CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets · doi:10.2174/1871527313666141130204031 · Cited by 61
Central Regulation of Glucose Homeostasis
Tups, A., Benzler, J., Sergi, D., Ladyman, S. R., & Williams, L. M. (2017) · Comprehensive physiology · doi:10.1002/cphy.c160015 · Cited by 74
Crosstalk between metabolic and neuropsychiatric disorders
Kaidanovich‐Beilin, O., Cha, D. S., & McIntyre, R. S. (2012) · F1000 Biology Reports · doi:10.3410/b4-14 · Cited by 64
Glucocorticoid sensitization of microglia in a genetic mouse model of obesity and diabetes
Dey, A., Hao, S., Erion, J., Wosiski‐Kuhn, M., & Stranahan, A. M. (2014) · Journal of Neuroimmunology · doi:10.1016/j.jneuroim.2014.01.013 · Cited by 60
DRD2: Bridging the Genome and Ingestive Behavior
Sun, X., Luquet, S. H., & Small, D. M. (2017) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tics.2017.03.004 · Cited by 61
PI3K: An Attractive Candidate for the Central Integration of Metabolism and Reproduction
Acosta‐Martínez, M. (2012) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2011.00110 · Cited by 55
Efeitos metabólicos do exercício físico na obesidade infantil: uma visão atual
Paes, S. T., Marins, J. C. B., & Andreazzi, A. E. (2015) · Revista Paulista de Pediatria · doi:10.1016/j.rpped.2014.11.002 · Cited by 54
Phlorofucofuroeckol B suppresses inflammatory responses by down-regulating nuclear factor κB activation via Akt, ERK, and JNK in LPS-stimulated microglial cells
Yu, D.-K., Lee, B., Kwon, M., Yoon, N., Shin, T., Kim, N.-G., Choi, J., & Kim, H. (2015) · International Immunopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2015.08.028 · Cited by 50
Effects of an High-Fat Diet Enriched in Lard or in Fish Oil on the Hypothalamic Amp-Activated Protein Kinase and Inflammatory Mediators
Viggiano, E., Mollica, M. P., Lionetti, L., Cavaliere, G., Trinchese, G., Filippo, C. D., Chieffi, S., Gaita, M., Barletta, A., Luca, B. D., et al. (2016) · Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fncel.2016.00150 · Cited by 55
The role of leptin in the sporadic form of Alzheimer's disease. Interactions with the adipokines amylin, ghrelin and the pituitary hormone prolactin
Folch, J., Patraca, I., Martínez, N., Pedrós, I., Petrov, D., Ettcheto, M., Abad, S., Marin, M., Beas-Zarate, C., & Camins, A. (2015) · Life Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2015.05.002 · Cited by 48
Leptin resistance and desensitization of hypophagia during prolonged inflammatory challenge
Borges, B. C., Rorato, R. C., Avraham, Y., da Silva, L. E. C. M., de Castro, M., Vorobiav, L., Berry, E. M., Antunes-Rodrigues, J., & Elias, L. L. K. (2011) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00558.2010 · Cited by 41
Current pharmacotherapy options for cancer anorexia and cachexia
Macciò, A., Madeddu, C., & Mantovani, G. (2012) · Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1517/14656566.2012.734297 · Cited by 40
Gut-central nervous system axis is a target for nutritional therapies
Pimentel, G. D., Micheletti, T. O., de Pace, F., Neto, J. C. R., dos Santos, R. V. T., & Lira, F. S. (2012) · Nutrition Journal · doi:10.1186/1475-2891-11-22 · Cited by 41
Obesity and Bipolar Disorder: Synergistic Neurotoxic Effects?
Liu, C. S., Carvalho, A. F., Mansur, R. B., & McIntyre, R. S. (2013) · Advances in Therapy · doi:10.1007/s12325-013-0067-7 · Cited by 37
Role of spleen-derived IL-10 in prevention of systemic low-grade inflammation by obesity [Review]
Gotoh, K., Fujiwara, K., Anai, M., Okamoto, M., Masaki, T., Kakuma, T., & Shibata, H. (2017) · Endocrine Journal · doi:10.1507/endocrj.ej17-0060 · Cited by 36
Age-dependent regulation of obesity and Alzheimer-related outcomes by hormone therapy in female 3xTg-AD mice
Christensen, A., & Pike, C. J. (2017) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0178490 · Cited by 37
Visfatin Induces Sickness Responses in the Brain
Park, B. S., Jin, S. H., Park, J., Park, J. W., Nam‐Goong, I. S., Kim, Y. I., Lee, B. J., & Kim, J. G. (2011) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0015981 · Cited by 33
Tumor Necrosis Factor α and Interleukin-1β Acutely Inhibit AgRP Neurons in the Arcuate Nucleus of the Hypothalamus
Chaves, F. M., Mansano, N. D. S., Frazão, R., & Donato, J. (2020) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms21238928 · Cited by 32
Inflammasome activation and metabolic disease progression
Li, H., Jin, C., Chen, Y., & Flavell, R. A. (2014) · Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.cytogfr.2014.07.020 · Cited by 32
High-fat diets rich in soy or fish oil distinctly alter hypothalamic insulin signaling in rats
Pimentel, G. D., Dornellas, A. P. S., Neto, J. C. R., Lira, F. S., Cunha, C. A., Boldarine, V. T., Souza, G. I. H., Hirata, A. E., do Nascimento, C. M. O., Oyama, L. M., et al. (2011) · The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/j.jnutbio.2011.04.006 · Cited by 31
New findings on brain actions of growth hormone and potential clinical implications
Donato, J., & Kopchick, J. J. (2023) · Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders · doi:10.1007/s11154-023-09861-x · Cited by 34
MAP2K3 is associated with body mass index in American Indians and Caucasians and may mediate hypothalamic inflammation
Bian, L., Traurig, M. T., Hanson, R. L., Marinelarena, A. M., Kobes, S., Muller, Y. L., Malhotra, A., Huang, K., Perez, J., Gale, A., et al. (2013) · Human Molecular Genetics · doi:10.1093/hmg/ddt291 · Cited by 30
Does gastric bypass surgery change body weight set point?
Hao, Z., Mumphrey, M. B., Morrison, C. D., Münzberg, H., Ye, J., & Berthoud, H. (2016) · International Journal of Obesity Supplements · doi:10.1038/ijosup.2016.9 · Cited by 29
Visfatin Triggers Anorexia and Body Weight Loss through Regulating the Inflammatory Response in the Hypothalamic Microglia
Tu, T. H., Nam‐Goong, I. S., Lee, J. S., Yang, S., & Kim, J. G. (2017) · Mediators of Inflammation · doi:10.1155/2017/1958947 · Cited by 29
Obesogenic Diet-Induced Neuroinflammation: A Pathological Link between Hedonic and Homeostatic Control of Food Intake
Marcos, J. L., Olivares-Barraza, R., Ceballo, K., Wastavino, M., Ortiz, V., Riquelme, J., Martínez-Pinto, J., Muñoz, P., Cruz, G., & Sotomayor‐Zárate, R. (2023) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms24021468 · Cited by 33
Chemotherapy-induced anorexia is accompanied by activation of brain pathways signaling dehydration
Sinno, M. H., Coquerel, Q., Boukhettala, N., Coëffier, M., Gallas, S., Terashi, M., Ibrahim, A. B., Breuillé, D., Déchelotte, P., & Fetissov, S. O. (2010) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2010.09.016 · Cited by 31
Nutritional Controls of Food Reward
Fernandes, M. F., Sharma, S., Hryhorczuk, C., Auguste, S., & Fulton, S. (2013) · Canadian Journal of Diabetes · doi:10.1016/j.jcjd.2013.04.004 · Cited by 27
Impact of Dietary Dairy Polar Lipids on Lipid Metabolism of Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet
Reis, M. G., Roy, N. C., Bermingham, E. N., Ryan, L., Bibiloni, R., Young, W., Krause, L., Berger, B. W., North, M. F., Stelwagen, K., et al. (2013) · Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry · doi:10.1021/jf303795b · Cited by 27
Macrophage Depletion Disrupts Immune Balance and Energy Homeostasis
Lee, B., Qiao, L., Kinney, B., Feng, G., & Shao, J. (2014) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0099575 · Cited by 27
n-3 PUFA and obesity: from peripheral tissues to the central nervous system
de Mello, A. H., Uberti, M. F., de Farias, B. X., de Souza, N. A. R., & Rezin, G. T. (2018) · British Journal Of Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s0007114518000429 · Cited by 26
The (dys)regulation of energy storage in obesity
Levin, B. E., Geary, N., & Lutz, T. A. (2025) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.00002.2024 · Cited by 27
Monoclonal Antibody Targeting of Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 1c Ameliorates Obesity and Glucose Intolerance via Central Mechanisms
Lelliott, C. J., Ahnmark, A., Admyre, T., Ahlstedt, I., Irving, L. M., Keyes, F., Patterson, L. M., Mumphrey, M. B., Bjursell, M., Gorman, T., et al. (2014) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0112109 · Cited by 23
The Pathophysiology of Obesity and Obesity-Related Disease
O’Rourke, R. W. (2019) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-27021-6_2 · Cited by 22
Controversies about a common etiology for eating and mood disorders
Rossetti, C., Halfon, O., & Boutrel, B. (2014) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2014.01205 · Cited by 25
Evidence for a More Disrupted Immune-Endocrine Relation and Cortisol Immunologic Influences in the Context of Tuberculosis and Type 2 Diabetes Comorbidity
Fernández, R. D. V., Díaz, A., Bongiovanni, B., Gallucci, G., Bértola, D., Gardeñez, W., Lioi, S., Bertolin, Y., Galliano, R., Bay, M. L., et al. (2020) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2020.00126 · Cited by 21
The Obese Brain—Effects of Bariatric Surgery on Energy Balance Neurocircuitry
Júnior, J. C. D. L., Velloso, L. A., & Geloneze, B. (2015) · Current Atherosclerosis Reports · doi:10.1007/s11883-015-0536-3 · Cited by 22
Liver X Receptor Regulation of Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone Transcription in Mouse Hypothalamus Is Dependent on Thyroid Status
Ghaddab-Zroud, R., Seugnet, I., Steffensen, K. R., DEMENEIX, B. A., & Clerget-Froidevaux, M.-S. (2014) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0106983 · Cited by 20
Drugs in development for treatment of patients with cancer-related anorexia and cachexia syndrome
Mantovani, G., Madeddu, C., & Macciò, A. (2013) · Drug Design Development and Therapy · doi:10.2147/dddt.s39771 · Cited by 21
Retracted
Leptin-Mediated Sympathoexcitation in Obese Rats: Role for Neuron–Astrocyte Crosstalk in the Arcuate Nucleus
Liu, X., & Zheng, H. (2019) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2019.01217 · Cited by 20
Minocycline Reduces Hypothalamic Microglia Activation and Improves Metabolic Dysfunction in High Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice
Coker, C. R., White, M., Singal, A., Bingaman, S. S., Paul, A., Arnold, A. C., & Silberman, Y. (2022) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2022.933706 · Cited by 20
Differential Insulin Receptor Substrate-1 (IRS1)-Related Modulation of Neuropeptide Y and Proopiomelanocortin Expression in Nondiabetic and Diabetic IRS2−/− Mice
Burgos‐Ramos, E., González‐Rodríguez, Á., Canelles, S., Baquedano, E., Frago, L. M., Revuelta‐Cervantes, J., Gómez‐Ambrosi, J., Frühbeck, G., Chowen, J. A., Argente, J., et al. (2011) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2011-1278 · Cited by 20
Insulin ameliorating endotoxaemia‐induced muscle wasting is associated with the alteration of hypothalamic neuropeptides and inflammation in rats
Duan, K., Yu, W., Lin, Z., Tan, S., Bai, X., Gao, T., Xi, F., & Li, N. (2014) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1111/cen.12610 · Cited by 19
Metabolic effects of exercise on childhood obesity: a current view
Paes, S. T., Marins, J. C. B., & Andreazzi, A. E. (2015) · Revista Paulista de Pediatria (English Edition) · doi:10.1016/s2359-3482(15)30038-5 · Cited by 19
Binge eating disorder, frequency of depression, and systemic inflammatory state in individuals with obesity – A cross sectional study
Caldas, N. D. R., Bráulio, V. B., Brasil, M. A. A., Botelho, V. C. S. F., de Carvalho, D. P., Cotrik, E. M., Dantas, J. R., & Zajdenverg, L. (2022) · Archives of Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.20945/2359-3997000000489 · Cited by 18
Leptin Is Associated with Mood Status and Metabolic Homeostasis in Patients with Bipolar Disorder
Lee, H. J., Kim, S. H., Kim, E. Y., Lee, N. Y., Yu, H. Y., Kim, Y. S., & Ahn, Y. M. (2014) · Neuropsychobiology · doi:10.1159/000366488 · Cited by 18
Effects of Grape By-Products on Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Farm Animals: An Overview of Studies Performed in Pigs, Chickens, and Cattle
Eder, K., Ringseis, R., & Geßner, D. K. (2025) · Animals · doi:10.3390/ani15111536 · Cited by 19
Hypothalamic Inflammation at a Crossroad of Somatic Diseases
Mravec, B., Horváthová, Ľ., & Černáčková, A. (2018) · Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology · doi:10.1007/s10571-018-0631-4 · Cited by 17
Anorexia and Hypothalamic Degeneration
Nilsson, I. A. K., Lindfors, C., Schalling, M., Hökfelt, T. G. M., & Johansen, J. E. (2013) · Vitamins and hormones · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-410473-0.00002-7 · Cited by 22
Proteomic Analysis of Cerebrospinal Fluid from Obese Women with Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension: A New Approach for Identifying New Candidates in the Pathogenesis of Obesity
Lecube, A., Poca, M. A., Colomé, N., Bech‐Serra, J. J., Hernández, C., García‐Ramírez, M., Gándara, D., Canals, F., & Simó, R. (2012) · Journal of Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2826.2012.02288.x · Cited by 17
Obesity Drug Update: The Lost Decade?
Yao, F., & MacKenzie, R. G. (2010) · Pharmaceuticals · doi:10.3390/ph3123494 · Cited by 16
Brain Innate Immune Response in Diet-Induced Obesity as a Paradigm for Metabolic Influence on Inflammatory Signaling
Macedo, F. P., dos Santos, L. S., Glezer, I., & da Cunha, F. M. (2019) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2019.00342 · Cited by 17
Hypothalamic activation is essential for endotoxemia-induced acute muscle wasting
Duan, K., Chen, Q., Cheng, M., Zhao, C., Lin, Z., Tan, S., Xi, F., Gao, T., Shi, J., Shen, J., et al. (2016) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep38544 · Cited by 16
Lack of Correlation Between Antiobesity Policy and Obesity Growth Rates: Review and Analysis
Trivedi, N. J., Fields, J. C., Mechanick, C. H., Klein, M., & Mechanick, J. I. (2012) · Endocrine Practice · doi:10.4158/ep11379.ra · Cited by 15
Interaction of 17β-estradiol and dietary fatty acids on energy and glucose homeostasis in female mice
Mamounis, K. J., Hernandez, M. R., Margolies, N., Yasrebi, A., & Roepke, T. A. (2017) · Nutritional Neuroscience · doi:10.1080/1028415x.2017.1347374 · Cited by 15
Dexmedetomidine ameliorates muscle wasting and attenuates the alteration of hypothalamic neuropeptides and inflammation in endotoxemic rats
Cheng, M., Gao, T., Xi, F., Cao, C., Chen, Y., Zhao, C., Li, Q., & Yu, W. (2017) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0174894 · Cited by 15
Binge Eating Disorder and Metabolic Syndrome: Shared Mechanisms and Clinical Implications
Alagha, M., Al-Alam, F., Saroufine, K., Elias, L., Klaimi, M., Nabbout, G., Harb, F., Azar, S. T., Nahas, N., & Ghadieh, H. E. (2025) · Healthcare · doi:10.3390/healthcare13050482 · Cited by 19
Endotoxemia-induced muscle wasting is associated with the change of hypothalamic neuropeptides in rats
Duan, K., Yu, W., Lin, Z., Tan, S., Bai, X., Gao, T., Xi, F., & Li, N. (2014) · Neuropeptides · doi:10.1016/j.npep.2014.10.002 · Cited by 13

Authors: Thaler, J. P., Choi, S. J., Schwartz, M. W., & Wisse, B. E.
Affiliations: University of Washington (US)
Yonsei University (KR)
Corresponding author: Wisse, Brent E.
ORCID: Thaler, Joshua P.
Schwartz, Michael W.
Venue: Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2010-01
Volume: 31
Issue: 1
Pages: 79-84
ISSN: 0091-3022 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2009.10.002
OpenAlex: W2005519734
Cited by: 144
References: 67
Citations by year: 2026: 4 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 18
FWCI: 1.58
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01DK074758)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
Keywords: hypothalamic inflammation, energy homeostasis, anorexia, cachexia, leptin resistance, insulin resistance, high-fat diet, saturated fat, microglia, astrocytes, sepsis, low-grade inflammation, neuroinflammation
MeSH terms: Animals, Dietary Fats, Eating, Energy Metabolism, Homeostasis, Humans, Hypothalamus, Inflammation, Insulin Resistance, Obesity, Signal Transduction, Weight Gain, Leptin, Melanocortins

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Hypothalamic inflammation and energy homeostasis: Resolving the paradox

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks