Use Of Food Nutrition Labels is Associated with Lower Fat Intake
Abstract
Objective The Nutrition Labeling and Education Act of 1990 mandated that standardized nutrition information appear on almost all packaged foods manufactured after May 1994. This study describes the demographic and diet-related psychosocial correlates of nutrition label use, and examines the relationship between label use and diet.Design/subjects Data are from a random-digit-dial telephone survey of 1,450 adult residents of Washington State. The questionnaire assessed nutrition label use, fat-related diet habits, fruit and vegetable consumption, diet-related psychosocial factors, health behavior, and demographic characteristics.Statistical analyses Analyses examined associations of demographic characteristics with nutrition label use; diet-related psychosocial factors and health behavior with nutrition label use, controlled for demographic characteristics; and nutrition label use with fat and fruit and vegetable intake, controlled for demographic characteristics and psychosocial factors.Results Nutrition label use was significantly higher among women, residents younger than 35 years, and residents with more than a high school education. When controlled for demographic characteristics, the strongest predictors of label use were believing in the importance of eating a low-fat diet, believing in an association between diet and cancer, and being in the maintenance stage of change for adopting a low-fat diet. Label use was significantly associated with lower fat intake and, after controlling for all demographic, psychosocial, and behavioral variables, explained 6% of the variance in fat intake (P < .001). Label use was not associated with fruit and vegetable consumption.Applications/conclusion Persons successfully limiting their fat intake use nutrition labels, suggesting that the new nutrition labels are helpful. Dietetics professionals can use the results of this study to emphasize to their clients the importance of reading nutrition labels in maintaining a low-fat diet.
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In many cases, differences were observed for use of specific nutrient information on the food label; for example, only use of sugar information on the label, rather than general use of the food label, was associated with lower consumption of added sugar.
“In many cases, these differences were observed for use of specific nutrient information on the food label; for example, only use of sugar information on the label, rather than general use of the food label, was associated with lower consumption of added sugar.”
From Population Approaches to Improve Diet, Physical Activity, and Smoking Habits: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association (2012) · cites this paper as [89]
Generally, women; persons with greater education, existing chronic disease, or greater awareness of diet-disease relations; and persons counseled by their physician to change their diet were more likely to report using nutrition labels to help make decisions about foods.
“Generally, women; persons with greater education, existing chronic disease, or greater awareness of diet-disease relations; and persons counseled by their physician to change their diet were more likely to report using nutrition labels to help make decisions about foods.”
From Population Approaches to Improve Diet, Physical Activity, and Smoking Habits: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association (2012) · cites this paper as [89]
Greater reported use of food labels was inconsistently associated with certain dietary habits, such as lower consumption of added sugars, total fat, and total calories and higher consumption of fruits, vegetables, and dietary fiber.
“Greater reported use of food labels was inconsistently associated with certain dietary habits, such as lower consumption of added sugars, total fat, and total calories and higher consumption of fruits, vegetables, and dietary fiber.”
From Population Approaches to Improve Diet, Physical Activity, and Smoking Habits: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association (2012) · cites this paper as [89]
Some studies did not show any association between reported awareness or use of the food label and many or all dietary habits.
“Some studies did not show any association between reported awareness or use of the food label and many or all dietary habits.”
From Population Approaches to Improve Diet, Physical Activity, and Smoking Habits: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association (2012) · cites this paper as [89]
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- Authors
- NEUHOUSER, M. L., KRISTAL, A. R., & PATTERSON, R. E.
- Affiliations
- Fred Hutch Cancer Center (US)
- Cape Town HVTN Immunology Laboratory / Hutchinson Centre Research Institute of South Africa (ZA)
- Venue
- Journal of the American Dietetic Association
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1999-01
- Volume
- 99
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 45-53
- ISSN
- 0002-8223 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2087010056
- Cited by
- 308
- References
- 29
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 22 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 24
- FWCI
- 13.05
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of the American Dietetic Association (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5p01ca034847-14, 5r01ca064138-04)
- National Cancer Institute (P01CA34847, R01 CA64138)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Consumer Attitudes and Food Labeling
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Nutrition, Health and Food Behavior
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Keywords
- nutrition label use, dietary fat intake, low-fat diet, fruit and vegetable intake, health behavior, demographic predictors, stages of change, packaged foods
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Age Factors, Cross-Sectional Studies, Dietary Fats, Educational Status, Feeding Behavior, Female, Food Labeling, Health Status, Humans, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Male, Middle Aged, Nutrition Surveys, Surveys and Questionnaires, Regression Analysis, Sex Factors, Telephone, Washington, Health Behavior
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
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