A reduction of nonpyramidal cells in sector CA2 of schizophrenics and manic depressives
Abstract
Background Recent studies have suggested that there may be a preferential decrease of "nonpyramidal" neurons (NPs) in several corticolimbic regions of schizophrenic (SZ) brain. The current study was undertaken to determine whether a change in the density of pyramidal neurons (PNs) and NPs might be present in the hippocampal formation (HIPP) of SZ brain.Methods A spatial counting approach in which the location of each and every PN and NP in the stratum pyramidale of sectors CA1-4 was applied to 11 normal control (CONs) and 10 SZs matched for age and postmortem interval, as well as 4 manic depressive (MD) subjects matched for age.Results The data indicate that the CONs had approximately 10-20 times as many PNs than NPs in the various HIPP subfields. When the CON data were compared to those for the SZs, both the total number and density of PNs were found to be similar in all four sectors, while NPs were found to be selectively reduced by approximately 40% in CA2 of the SZ group. When the data were broken down according to patients with and without neuroleptic exposure, drug-free SZs showed a significant reduction in the density of NPs in CA2. The 4 MD cases both with and without neuroleptic exposure also showed a similar reduction of NPs in sector CA2.Conclusions Taken together, the results of this study suggest that there may be a highly selective decrease in the number of NPs in sector CA2 that could play a contributory role in the pathophysiology of the major psychoses.
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The possibility that CA2 dysfunction contributes to neuropsychiatric behavioral changes is supported by findings of decreased CA2 inhibitory neurons in individuals with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder and altered vasopressin signaling in autism.
“This possibility is supported by findings of a decreased number of CA2 inhibitory neurons in individuals with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder29 and altered vasopressin signaling in autism30.”
From The hippocampal CA2 region is essential for social memory (2014) · cites this paper as [29]
Selective decreases in CA2 inhibition are associated with schizophrenia and epilepsy, two pathological conditions in which hippocampal excitability is increased.
“The relevance of this inhibitory drive is suggested by the findings that selective decreases in CA2 inhibition are associated with schizophrenia (Benes et al., 1998) and epilepsy (Williamson and Spencer, 1994), two pathological conditions in which hippocampal excitability is increased.”
From Strong CA2 Pyramidal Neuron Synapses Define a Powerful Disynaptic Cortico-Hippocampal Loop (2010) · cites this paper as Benes et al., 1998
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- Authors
- Benes, F. M., Kwok, E. W., Vincent, S. L., & Todtenkopf, M. S.
- Affiliations
- Harvard University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Benes, Francine M
- Venue
- Biological Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1998-07
- Volume
- 44
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 88-97
- ISSN
- 0006-3223 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2078446073
- Cited by
- 470
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2025: 9 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 25 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 21
- FWCI
- 11.47
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Biological Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH-42261, MH00423, P01MH031154, MH-31154)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Philosophy › Mental Health and Psychiatry
- Keywords
- non-pyramidal neurons, pyramidal neurons, hippocampal CA2, hippocampal formation, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, neuronal density, stratum pyramidale, postmortem brain, psychosis pathophysiology
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Bipolar Disorder, Cell Count, Female, Hippocampus, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Neurons, Schizophrenia, Antipsychotic Agents, Pyramidal Cells
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