Cited by 809Nutrition and Health in AgingMuscle Physiology and DisordersHormonal and reproductive studies

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 33 of the 34 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Predictors of skeletal muscle mass in elderly men and women

Baumgartner, Richard N., Waters, Debra L., Gallagher, Dympna, Morley, John E., Garry, Philip J.·1999·Mechanisms of Ageing and Development

DOI 10.1016/s0047-6374(98)00130-4

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Background Elderly men and women lose muscle mass and strength with increasing age. Decreased physical activity, hormones, malnutrition and chronic disease have been identified as factors contributing to this loss. There are few data, however, for their multivariate associations with muscle mass and strength. This study analyzes these associations in a cross-sectional sample of elderly people from the New Mexico Aging Process Study.Methods Data collected in 1994 for 121 male and 180 female volunteers aged 65-97 years of age enrolled in The New Mexico Aging Process Study were analyzed. Body composition was measured using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry; dietary intake from 3 day food records; usual physical activity by questionnaire; health status from annual physical examinations; and serum testosterone, estrone, sex-hormone binding globulin (SHBG), and insulin-like growth factor (IGF1) from radioimmunoassays of fasting blood samples. Statistical analyses included partial correlation and stepwise multiple regression.Results The muscle mass and strength (adjusted for knee height) decreased with increasing age in both sexes. The muscle mass was significantly associated with serum free-testosterone, physical activity, cardiovascular disease, and IGF1 in the men. In the women, the muscle mass was significantly associated with total fat mass and physical activity. Age was not associated significantly with muscle mass after controlling for these variables. Grip strength was associated with age independent of muscle mass in both sexes. Estrogen (endogenous and exogenous) was not associated with muscle mass or strength in women.Conclusions Age-related loss of muscle mass and strength occurs in relatively healthy, well-nourished elderly men and women and has a multifactorial basis. Sex hormone status is an important factor in men but not in women. Physical activity is an important predictor of muscle mass in both sexes.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/s0047-6374(98)00130-4

Cites

33 of 33 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Applied Regression Analysis and Other Multivariable Methods
Walker, E., Kleinbaum, D. G., Kupper, L. L., & Muller, K. E. (1989) · Technometrics · doi:10.2307/1270375 · Cited by 8,538
Epidemiology of Sarcopenia among the Elderly in New Mexico
Baumgartner, R. N., Koehler, K. M., Gallagher, D., Romero, L., Heymsfield, S. B., Ross, R. R., Garry, P. J., & Lindeman, R. D. (1998) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009520 · Cited by 4,004
Self-citation
Human Aging: Usual and Successful
Rowe, J. W., & Kahn, R. L. (1987) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.3299702 · Cited by 3,384
Sarcopenia: origins and clinical relevance
Rosenberg, I. H. (1997) · The Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1093/jn/127.5.990s · Cited by 2,399
Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry for total-body and regional bone-mineral and soft-tissue composition
Mazess, R., Barden, H. S., Bisek, J., & Hanson, J. (1990) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/51.6.1106 · Cited by 1,465
The effects of treatment with recombinant human growth hormone on body composition and metabolism in adults with growth hormone deficiency
Salomon, F., Cuneo, R. C., Hesp, R., & Sönksen, P. H. (1989) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm198912283212605 · Cited by 1,326
Appendicular skeletal muscle mass: effects of age, gender, and ethnicity
Gallagher, D., Visser, M., De Meersman, R. E., Sepúlveda, D., Baumgartner, R. N., Pierson, R. N., Harris, T., & Heymsfield, S. B. (1997) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/jappl.1997.83.1.229 · Cited by 966
Self-citation
Longitudinal changes in testosterone, luteinizing hormone, and follicle-stimulating hormone in healthy older men
Morley, J. E., Kaiser, F. E., Perry, H. M., Patrick, P., Morley, P. M. K., Stauber, P. M., Vellas, B., Baumgartner, R. N., & Garry, P. J. (1997) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/s0026-0495(97)90057-3 · Cited by 830
Self-citation
Appendicular skeletal muscle mass: measurement by dual-photon absorptiometry
Heymsfield, S. B., Smith, R. C., Aulet, M., Bensen, B., Lichtman, S. W., Wang, J., & Pierson, R. (1990) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/52.2.214 · Cited by 819
Applied Regression Analysis and Other Multivariate Methods
Sharma, S., Kleinbaum, D. G., & Kupper, L. L. (1978) · Journal of Marketing Research · doi:10.2307/3150614 · Cited by 790

Show all 34 references

Research works printed but not linked: 2

Baumgartner, R.N., Vellas, B.J., Wayne, S., Garry, P.J., 1998. Sarcopenia and falls in elderly men and women. Age Ageing (in press).
Sih, 1995, Testosterone therapy increases strength in older hypogondal men, J. Invest. Med., 43, 300A

Sorted by citations

Items 601–700 of 809

Biomechanical Leg Muscle Function During Stair Ambulation in Men Receiving Androgen Deprivation Therapy
Cheung, A. S., Gray, H. A., Schache, A. G., Hoermann, R., Bicknell, J., Joon, D. L., Zajac, J. D., Pandy, M. G., & Grossmann, M. (2019) · The Journals of Gerontology Series A · doi:10.1093/gerona/glz169 · Cited by 6
Plasma Aromatase Activity Index, Gonadotropins and Estrone Are Associated with Frailty Syndrome in Post-Menopausal Women with Breast Cancer
García-Sánchez, J., Mafla-España, M. A., Tejedor-Cabrera, C., Avellán-Castillo, O., Torregrosa, M. D., & Cauli, O. (2022) · Current Oncology · doi:10.3390/curroncol29030144 · Cited by 6
“Finally, another observational study reported no association between estrone, the primary estrogen present in postmenopausal women, and muscle mass and strength with poor physical performance and low muscle strength [77].”
Background
Foot Problems and Their Associations with Toe Grip Strength and Walking Speed in Community-Dwelling Older Individuals Using Day Services: A Cross-Sectional Study
Fujii, K., Maekawa, A., Komoda, T., Kawabe, N., Nishimura, R., Sakakibara, Y., Fukumoto, T., & Stolt, M. (2023) · Nursing Reports · doi:10.3390/nursrep13020062 · Cited by 5
Fermented Yak-Kong using Bifidobacterium animalis derived from Korean infant intestine effectively relieves muscle atrophy in an aging mouse model
Yang, S. H., Yang, H. S., Ahn, B. M., Lee, S., Lee, S. J., Kim, J. S., Koo, Y. T., Lee, C. H., Kim, J. H., Park, J. H. Y., et al. (2024) · Food & Function · doi:10.1039/d3fo04204a · Cited by 5
Genetic and environmental influence on the association between testosterone, sex hormone‐binding globulin and body composition in K orean men
Lee, K., Sung, J., & Song, Y. (2015) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1111/cen.12722 · Cited by 5
Las hormonas esteroideas sexuales, el envejecimiento y el ejercicio
Becerro, J. F. M. (2008) · Redalyc (Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México) · Cited by 5
Association between sarcopenia, sarcopenic obesity, muscle strength and quality of life variables in elderly women Associação entre sarcopenia, obesidade sarcopênica e força muscular com variáveis relacionadas de qualidade de vida em idosas
Neto, L. S. S., Karnikowiski, M. G. O., Tavares, A. B., & Lima, R. M. (2012) · Cited by 5
Drug Prescribing to the Elderly Patients
Misha’l Aly, A. (2018) · International Journal of Human and Health Sciences (IJHHS) · doi:10.31344/ijhhs.v1i2.12 · Cited by 5
Anabolic signaling and response in sarcopenia as a model for microgravity induced muscle deconditioning: A systematic review
Rundfeldt, L. C., Gunga, H., & Steinach, M. (2019) · REACH · doi:10.1016/j.reach.2019.100025 · Cited by 5
Physical Activity Type and Intensity Are Associated With Abdominal Muscle Area and Density: The Multiethnic Study of Atherosclerosis
Vella, C. A., Miljkovic, I., Price, C. A., & Allison, M. (2022) · Journal of Physical Activity and Health · doi:10.1123/jpah.2021-0409 · Cited by 4
Elderly Mexicans have less muscle and greater total and truncal fat compared to African-Americans and Caucasians with the same BMI
Alemán-Mateo, H., Lee, S. Y., Javed, F., Thornton, J., Heymsfield, S. B., Pierson, R. N., Pi-Sunyer, X., Wang, Z. M., Wang, J., & Gallagher, D. (2009) · The journal of nutrition health & aging · doi:10.1007/s12603-009-0114-x · Cited by 6
Self-citation
Is there a social gradient of sarcopenia? A meta-analysis and systematic review protocol
Green, D., Duque, G., Fredman, N., Rizvi, A., & Brennan-Olsen, S. L. (2018) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2017-019088 · Cited by 5
Muscle diseases and aging
Oflazer, P. (2007) · Handbook of clinical neurology · doi:10.1016/s0072-9752(07)86018-0 · Cited by 4
“In general, the biological process of sarcopenia occurs in both men and women, being more prevalent in men (Baumgartner et al., 1998; Roubenoff and Hughes, 2000; Janssen et al., 2002; Lau et al., 2005,), but is more disabling in women (Baumgartner et al., 1999).”
Background
L'altération des fonctions sensorielles et de l'appétit est-elle une fatalité chez le sujet âgé ?
Pepersack, T. (2004) · Nutrition Clinique et Métabolisme · doi:10.1016/j.nupar.2004.09.007 · Cited by 6
Effects of Aquatic Exercise Training Using New Water-resistance Equipment on Trunk Muscles, Abdominal Circumference, and Activities of Daily Living in Elderly Women
Katsura, Y., Ueda, S.-Y., Yoshikawa, T., Usui, T., Orita, K., Sakamoto, H., Sotobayashi, D., & Fujimoto, S. (2011) · International Journal of Sport and Health Science · doi:10.5432/ijshs.201112 · Cited by 5
The predictors of skeletal muscle mass among young Thai adults: a study in the rural area of Thailand.
Limpawattana, P., Assantachai, P., Krairit, O., Kengkijkosol, T., Wittayakom, W., Pimporm, J., & Theeranut, A. (2016) · Biomedical Research-tokyo · Cited by 5
Relationship between anthropometric nutritional status and functional capacity in older adults living in the community
Guede-Rojas, F., Jerez‐Mayorga, D., Ulloa-Díaz, D., Soto-Martínez, A., Ramírez‐Campillo, R., Barboza-González, P., & Angarita, L. (2020) · Revista médica de Chile · doi:10.4067/s0034-98872020000100069 · Cited by 5
Relação entre o Nível Sérico Basal de GH e de IGF-1 e a Autonomia e o Estado de Condicionamento Físico da Idosa Ativa
Cordeiro, L. D. S. (2005) · Fitness & Performance Journal · doi:10.3900/fpj.4.5.293.p · Cited by 3
Hand-Grip Strength Is Associated With Serum Testosterone and Albumin Levels in Male Kidney Transplant Recipients.
Demirci, B. G., Sezer, S., Tutal, E., Çolak, T., Uyanık, S., & Haberal, M. A. (2018) · Experimental and Clinical Transplantation · doi:10.6002/ect.tond-tdtd2017.o31 · Cited by 5
Distribution of daily protein intake and appendicular skeletal muscle mass in healthy free-living Chinese older adults
Song, X., Wang, H., Su, C., Zhang, M., Zhang, L., Meng, J., & Zhang, B. (2024) · European Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1007/s00394-024-03364-4 · Cited by 4
“For example, serum free-testosterone and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF1) were shown to be important predictor of muscle mass in male older adults [41], but they were not collected in our study.”
Exploring the Relationships between Sex Hormones and Abdominal Muscle Area and Radiodensity in Postmenopausal Women: Insights from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis
Osmancevic, A., Allison, M., Miljkovic, I., Vella, C. A., Ouyang, P., Trimpou, P., & Daka, B. (2025) · Maturitas · doi:10.1016/j.maturitas.2025.108197 · Cited by 4
“While certain studies have reported positive impacts of estradiol on muscle strength, others found no significant associations [11].”
Aging and IGF-I: relationships with vitamin D and body composition. A mediation analysis
Vicinanza, R., Frizza, A., Pollard, J. A., Mazza, V., Martino, M. U. D., Imbimbo, G., Pignatelli, P., Ettorre, E., Ben, M. D., & Molfino, A. (2025) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2025.1585696 · Cited by 4
Hypogonadism Associated With Higher Rate of Penile Prosthesis Infection: An Analysis of United States Claims Data
Patel, D. P., Horns, J. J., Pastuszak, A. W., Hsieh, T., Yafi, F. A., & Hotaling, J. M. (2022) · Urology · doi:10.1016/j.urology.2022.06.010 · Cited by 4
Strength training for osteoporosis prevention during early menopause (STOP-EM): a pilot study protocol for a single centre randomised waitlisted control trial in Canada
Alexander, C. J., Kaluta, L., Whitman, P. W., Billington, E. O., Burt, L. A., & Gabel, L. (2025) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2024-093711 · Cited by 4
Impacts of sarcopenia on adverse events and prognosis in Chinese patients with esophageal cancer undergoing chemoradiotherapy
QU, J., Liu, Y., Yuan, Y., Zhao, Y., Ding, J., He, Z., & Wang, G. (2025) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2025.1523674 · Cited by 4
“Its occurrence is associated with aging (4), systemic inflammation (6), motor neuron changes (7), and decreased anabolism (8).”
Exercise in Older Adults: The Effect of Age on Exercise Endocrinology
Copeland, J. L. (2013) · Humana Press eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-62703-314-5_23 · Cited by 3
Physiological changes associated with aging result in lower internal doses of toluene and perchloroethylene in simulations using pharmacokinetic modeling
Yokley, K. A., & Evans, M. V. (2008) · Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry Reviews · doi:10.1080/02772240701594305 · Cited by 4
“Muscle mass in kilograms is described as a function of age in years as follows (Baumgartner et al. 1999):”
BackgroundMethod
Costs and Benefits of Best Agers Employment
Kadefors, R. (2013) · Cited by 4
Reduced Skeletal Muscle Mass and Lifestyle
Scott, D. S. (2018) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-810422-4.00002-6 · Cited by 4
Role of Androgens in Cardiovascular Diseases in Men: A Comprehensive Review
Mukherjee, D., Sen, K., Gupta, S., Chowdhury, P. D., Majumder, S., & Guha, P. (2020) · IntechOpen eBooks · doi:10.5772/intechopen.85852 · Cited by 5
Independent association between serum C ‐peptide levels and fat mass‐to‐lean mass ratio in the aging process
Li, Y., Zheng, L., Li, Y., Zhao, D., & Meng, L. (2014) · Geriatrics and gerontology international/Geriatrics & gerontology international · doi:10.1111/ggi.12366 · Cited by 4
Osteoporosis in men: Are we ready to diagnose and treat?
Perry, H. M., & Morley, J. E. (2001) · Current Rheumatology Reports · doi:10.1007/s11926-001-0024-3 · Cited by 4
“Baumgartner et al. [ 17 ] reported that the decline in muscle mass and strength in men was related to free testosterone, insulin growth factor-1, and physical activity.”
BackgroundSelf-citation
Physiotherapy to treat sarcopenia in older adults
Latham, N. K. (2004) · Cited by 4
Impact of a 12-month exercise program on the temporal parameters of the foot rollover during walking in postmenopausal women
Monteiro, M., Gabriel, R., Sousa, M. F., Abrantes, J. M. C. S., & Moreira, M. H. (2011) · Menopause The Journal of The North American Menopause Society · doi:10.1097/gme.0b013e3182060cc5 · Cited by 4
“and it is known that active women of all ages display greater fat-free mass than do sedentary women of the same age.(6) Fat mass reduction by exercise is fundamental because it allows the preservation of the lean mass components.”
Background
Sarcopenia and Cachexia
Morley, J. E., & Thomas, D. R. (2007) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/9781420005493-9 · Cited by 4
Self-citation
Body fat distribution, inflammation and cardiovascular disease
Toss, F. (2011) · KTH Publication Database DiVA (KTH Royal Institute of Technology) · Cited by 4
Effects of physiological caffeine concentration on isolated skeletal muscle force, power and fatigue resistance
Tallis, J. A. (2013) · Coventry University Open Collections (Coventry university) · Cited by 4
Examining the Relationship Between Sarcopenia and Rotator Cuff Tears: A Retrospective Comparative Study
Kim, J.-H., Jang, I., Jeong, S., Shin, J., Yoon, S., Lee, H. I., & Lee, S. (2025) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm14010220 · Cited by 3
“This condition is linked to age-related declines in hormone levels, reduced caloric intake, a sedentary lifestyle, and metabolic disorders such as diabetes mellitus [9,25,26].”
Endogenous sex hormones, sex hormone-binding globulin, and muscle health: insights into sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity from the Women’s Health Initiative
Osmancevic, A., Daka, B., Larson, J. C., Allison, M., Burney, R. O., Shadyab, A. H., Cauley, J. A., & Crandall, C. J. (2026) · Menopause The Journal of The North American Menopause Society · doi:10.1097/gme.0000000000002734 · Cited by 3
Potential of whole-body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry to predict muscle size of psoas major, gluteus maximus and back muscles
Tanaka, M., Kanayama, M., Oha, F., Shimamura, Y., Tsujimoto, T., Hasegawa, Y., Hashimoto, T., Nojiri, H., & Ishijima, M. (2023) · BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders · doi:10.1186/s12891-023-07051-z · Cited by 3
“Previous studies have shown that DXA is low cost, has low radiation exposure ( 1 μSv for whole-body scans), and is reliable for research setting [9, 25, 26].”
BackgroundMethod
Possibility of small-molecule-based pharmacotherapy for sarcopenia
Watanabe, Y., & Miyagoe‐Suzuki, Y. (2015) · The Journal of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine · doi:10.7600/jpfsm.4.73 · Cited by 3
Simple Estimation of Appendicular Muscle Mass using the Maximum Calf Circumference of Elderly Inpatients
Ito, T., Sakai, Y., Morita, Y., Oikawa, M., Kazuya, G. O. T. O., Ninomiya, H., Ito, Y., & Yokoyama, K. (2016) · Rigakuryoho Kagaku · doi:10.1589/rika.31.511 · Cited by 3
Older People’s Knowledge Creation Motivations for Sustainable Communities
Ho, B. Q., & Shirahada, K. (2022) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su15010251 · Cited by 3
Association Between Dietary Acid Load and Grip Strength in Adults 50 Years and Older: A Cross-Sectional Study
Konieczynski, E. M., Ceglia, L., Reitshamer, E., & Dawson-Hughes, B. F. (2024) · Calcified Tissue International · doi:10.1007/s00223-024-01258-5 · Cited by 3
“Anabolic hormones including insulin growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and testosterone exert anabolic effects on muscle and were independent predictors of age-related muscle loss in men but not in women 65 years and older in The New Mexico Aging Process Study [36].”
Why One-Size-Fits-All Doesn’t Work in Intensive Care Unit Nutrition?
Bear, D. E., Lambell, K., & Stoppe, C. (2024) · Critical Care Clinics · doi:10.1016/j.ccc.2024.09.008 · Cited by 3
New Strategies to Fight against Sarcopenia at Old Age
Meynial‐Denis, D., Guérin, O., Schneider, S. M., Volkert, D., & Sieber, C. C. (2012) · Journal of Aging Research · doi:10.1155/2012/676042 · Cited by 5
Effects of Weight-Bearing and Resistance Exercises on Lower Extremity Strength, Postural Stability, and Quality of Life in Postmenopausal Women With Low Bone Mass
Fleisher, L. A., Trudelle-Jackson, E. J., Thompson, M. E., & Smith, S. S. (2011) · Journal of Womenʼs Health Physical Therapy · doi:10.1097/jwh.0b013e31823b072c · Cited by 3
Novel Strategies for Improving Physical Function
Bhasin, S., Jasuja, R., Tu, P., Storer, T. W., & Guo, W. (2011) · Hormone Research in Paediatrics · doi:10.1159/000329148 · Cited by 3
[Age-related androgen deficiency: diagnostic work-up].
Rossi, D., & Tostain, J.-B. (2004) · PubMed · Cited by 3
Testosterone Replacement Therapy in Men and Women
El‐Maouche, D., & Dobs, A. S. (2010) · Principles of Gender-Specific Medicine · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-374271-1.00060-5 · Cited by 3
Malnutrition and anthropometric measurements among elderly people with cardiovascular diseases
Orang, Z., Mazloom, Z., & Hejazi, N. (2018) · The Journal of Qazvin University of Medical Sciences · doi:10.29252/qums.21.6.54 · Cited by 3
Basal protein synthesis rates differ between vastus lateralis and rectus abdominis muscle
Smeets, J. S. J., Horstman, A. M. H., van Dijk, D. P. J., van Boxtel, A. G. M., Woorst, J. T., Damink, S. W. M. O., Schijns, O. E. M. G., & van Loon, L. J. C. (2021) · Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle · doi:10.1002/jcsm.12701 · Cited by 3
“As we age, the progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength, termed sarcopenia, is accompanied by impairments in functional capacity and an increased risk of developing chronic metabolic diseases.(1,2) Especially in clinical populations, skeletal muscle loss is associated with negative health outcomes such as…”
Background
Exercise in Older Adults: The Effect of Age on Exercise Endocrinology
Copeland, J. L. (2020) · Contemporary Endocrinology · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-33376-8_23 · Cited by 3
Commentary: Androgen replacement therapy in the aging male--a critical evaluation.
Vermeulen, A. (2001) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · Cited by 3
Associação entre sarcopenia, obesidade sarcopênica e força muscular com variáveis relacionadas de qualidade de vida em idosas Association between sarcopenia, sarcopenic obesity, muscle strength and quality of life variables in elderly women
Neto, L. S. S., Karnikowiski, M. G. O., Tavares, A. B., & Lima, R. M. (2012) · DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) · Cited by 1
Comparative histochemical and morphometric analysis of muscle fibers of the psoas muscle in individuals of both genders with ageing
Antić, V., Stojiljković, N. I., & Antić, M. (2020) · Vojnosanitetski pregled · doi:10.2298/vsp200713107a · Cited by 2
An Overview of the Risks and Impact of Pre-exercise Supplements for Exercise Performance, Recovery, and Cardiovascular Health
Corbett, L. J., Bunch, M. R., Smith, M. B., & Bunch, T. J. (2024) · Current Cardiovascular Risk Reports · doi:10.1007/s12170-024-00735-8 · Cited by 4
“Some of these changes, in particular muscle mass loss, can be mitigated by more physical activity [9].”
Severe Kyphosis Patients with Tuberculosis and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Case Report
Desdiani, D., & Sari, F. E. (2024) · Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research · doi:10.9734/jammr/2024/v36i65447 · Cited by 2
Exercise as a Countermeasure for Sarcopenia
Rivas, D. A., & Fielding, R. A. (2010) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-90-481-9713-2_15 · Cited by 2
Testosterone supplementation therapy as a treatment of hypogonadism
Schmidtová, E., Kelemenová, S., & Ostatníková, D. (2009) · Bratislavské lekárske listy/Bratislava medical journal · doi:10.1007/bf03657269 · Cited by 2
Testosterone: clinical relevance in ageing men
Huupponen, R., Huhtaniemi, I. T., & Lehtonen, A. (2009) · Reviews in Clinical Gerontology · doi:10.1017/s0959259809990372 · Cited by 2
Body Composition, Functional, and Nutritional Characteristics of Patients with Hip or Knee Osteoarthritis
Purcell, S. A. (2014) · Cited by 2
Different surgical modalities in management of paediatric abdominal lymphoma.
Zakaria, O., Hokkam, E., Elsayem, K., Daoud, M. Y. I., Al-Wadaani, H. A., Mulhim, A., Zakaria, H. M., Sedky, F. M., & Aboyameen, O. M. (2013) · PubMed · Cited by 2
Prevalencia de dinapenia (disminución de la fuerza), sarcopenia y posibles biomarcadores en rehabilitación cardíaca
Victoria, D. A. M., Moreno, L. A. L., Conde, L. K. A., & Galvis, J. C. (2020) · Revista Repertorio de Medicina y Cirugía · doi:10.31260/repertmedcir.01217372.989 · Cited by 2
A chronic low dosage of taurine induces muscle weakness in castrated-aged mice
Barragán-Ceballos, N. G., Santos, J. C. I., Perea-Ruiz, D., Guzmán‐Ambriz, A., Liñán-Rico, A., Zataraín-Palacios, R., Virgen‐Ortiz, A., Castro‐Sánchez, L., & Dagnino-Acosta, A. (2021) · Translational Medicine of Aging · doi:10.1016/j.tma.2021.11.002 · Cited by 2
Zum Konzept der Gebrechlichkeit—: von der Phänomenologie zu therapeutischen Ansätzen
Sieber, C. C. (2005) · Zeitschrift für Gerontologie und Geriatrie · Cited by 2
Novel Intriguing Strategies Attenuating to Sarcopenia
Sakuma, K., & Yamaguchi, A. (2016) · Apple Academic Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/b19985-13 · Cited by 2
Familial Correlation and Heritability of Hand Grip Strength in Korean Adults (Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2014 to 2019)
Ahn, S. H., Park, E. B., Seo, S., Cho, Y., Seo, D. H., Kim, S. H., Suh, Y. J., & Hong, S. (2023) · Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.3803/enm.2023.1740 · Cited by 2
Topical Testosterone Gel for the Treatment of Male Hypogonadism
Udeoji, D. U., Phan, A., Katsiyiannis, P., Willix, R., & Schwarz, E. R. (2012) · Clinical Medicine Insights Therapeutics · doi:10.4137/cmt.s7348 · Cited by 2
Adverse Outcomes and Functional Consequences of Sarcopenia
Thomas, D. R. (2012) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118338032.ch8 · Cited by 2
Role of testosterone in older men: recent advances and future directions
Yeap, B. B. (2008) · Expert Review of Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1586/17446651.3.4.415 · Cited by 2
Hormonersatztherapie beim Mann - Sinn oder Unsinn?
Jockenhövel, F., & Schubert, M. (2003) · Journal für Kardiologie (Krause & Pachernegg GmbH) · Cited by 2
Urologic Endocrinology
Verze, P., & Mirone, V. G. (2011) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-84882-034-0_17 · Cited by 2
Rate of force development in ankle extensors correlates with performance on functional tests that demand speed and power in older women
Caparrós-Manosalva, C., Fuentes-Rojas, D., Morales-Zurita, V., Espinoza-Araneda, J., Marzuca-Nassr, G. N., Palomo, I. F., & Molina, N. (2025) · European Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1007/s00421-025-05769-3 · Cited by 1
“…different causes than in men (Arvandi et al. 2016), suggesting that women would be more sensitive to changes in muscle strength due to differences in skeletal muscle mass, hormonal factors, and in some cases the presence of lower musculoskeletal fitness (Abreu et al. 2023; Baumgartner et al. 1999).”
Exploration of Crucial miRNA Signatures and Molecular Mechanisms in the System of Muscle–Exosome–Bone: Evidence from Transcriptome Data
Wang, B., He, P., Liu, X., Wu, S., Lu, X., & Xu, B. (2025) · ACS Omega · doi:10.1021/acsomega.5c02248 · Cited by 1
Anabolic Effects of Testosterone
Kafel, H., & Basaria, S. S. (2025) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-96376-6_19 · Cited by 1
Relationship Between Swallowing Frequency and Swallowing‐Related Muscle Mass in Older Adults
Kawamichi, H., Obana, A., Nohara, K., Tanaka, N., & Sakai, T. (2025) · Journal of Oral Rehabilitation · doi:10.1111/joor.70056 · Cited by 1
“The influence of sex hormones explains the sex difference in muscle mass [34], and Feng et al. [24] reported that GM muscle mass was larger in men than in women.”
Sarcopenic Obesity and Sarcopenic Visceral Obesity, Calculated Using the Skeletal Muscle İndex and Visceral Fat İndex at the L3 Vertebra Level, Do Not Predict Survival Rates in Endometrial Cancer Patients
Özdemir, M., Doğu, G. G., Taşköylü, B. Y., Arslan, M., Kurnaz, B., Demiray, A. G., Yaren, A., Değirmencioğlu, S., & Karakaya, Y. A. (2025) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm14227915 · Cited by 1
“Sarcopenia is an independent poor prognostic factor in EC patients, who are mostly diagnosed at an advanced age [26].”
Revitalizing Muscles: Harnessing Exercise to Modulate Inflammatory Cytokines and Conquer Sarcopenia in Aging
Li, H., Chen, Z., & Songlin, X. (2026) · Cell Biochemistry and Biophysics · doi:10.1007/s12013-026-02004-4 · Cited by 1
“Experimental and clinical results support the idea that different treatment techniques have varying effects on muscle strength and mass [39–43 ].”
TEST-RETEST RELIABILITY FOR VOLUNTARY AND EVOKED MEASURES OF PEAK TORQUE, ELECTROMECHANICAL DELAY, AND RATE OF TORQUE DEVELOPMENT IN OLDER MEN.
Jenkins, N. D. M. (2013) · Lincoln (University of Nebraska) · Cited by 1
Dietary Fat Composition and Age-Related Muscle Loss
Welch, A. A. (2013) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4471-2769-7_6 · Cited by 1
“[ 16 ] .”
Estrogen-Mediated Neuroprotection: Hope to Combat Neuronal Degeneration and Synaptic Plasticity Post-menopause
Mehra, R. D., Varshney, M., & Kumar, P. (2012) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-94-007-5237-5_14 · Cited by 1
“The loss of gonadal steroid hormones during normal aging increases the risk of disease and dysfunction in hormone-responsive tissues (Baumgartner et al. 1999; Morley 2001).”
Background
Pathophysiology of Cachexia in the Elderly
Qubaiah, O., & Morley, J. E. (2007) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-88-470-0552-5_38 · Cited by 1
“The increase in leptin levels in men is related to the decrease in testosterone that occurs with aging [1], which, in turn, is associated with muscle loss [20] and an increase in body fat [21].”
BackgroundSelf-citation
A Comparative Study Establishing the Importance of Physiotherapeutic Principles and Body Composition Analysis in Promoting Independent and Healthy living Among Randomized Geriatric Population of Indore District
Subhedar, R. (2014) · IOSR Journal of Sports and Physical Education · doi:10.9790/6737-0162127 · Cited by 1
[Androgens, skeletal muscle and muscle exercise].
Chatard, J., Duclos, M., Rossi, D., & Tostain, J.-B. (2004) · PubMed · Cited by 1
The Geriatrician Circa 2030
Morley, J. E. (2017) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/jgs.14970 · Cited by 1
Self-citation
Normal Spermatogenesis
KERR, J. B. (2007) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.3109/9781420018813-10 · Cited by 1
Sarcopenia
Barry, D. (2020) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-43044-9.00217-x · Cited by 1
Geriatric Medicine and Healthy Aging
Gouveia, É. R., de Gouveia, B. R. F. O., Marques, A., & Ihle, A. (2022) · IntechOpen eBooks · doi:10.5772/intechopen.98018 · Cited by 2
Perspective Chapter: The Role of Modifiable Factors, Particularly Nutritional Factors, on Age-Related Sarcopenia
Mashhadi, N. S. (2023) · IntechOpen eBooks · doi:10.5772/intechopen.105433 · Cited by 1
Effects of Whole-Body Vibration Exercises on Muscle Responses and on Risk of Falls in Elderly Individuals: A Systematic Review
de Meirelles, A. G., Moreira-Marconi, E., Teixeira-Silva, Y., Santos, A. C. G., Caiado, V. D. S., Jaques-Albuquerque, L. T., Coelho-Oliveira, A. C., Moura-Fernandes, M. C., Paineiras-Domingos, L. L., Amadeu, T. P., et al. (2024) · Iranian Journal of Public Health · doi:10.18502/ijph.v53i6.15895 · Cited by 1
Impact of Sarcopenia Severity on Body Composition, Physical Performance, and Mechanical Properties of Gait-Related Muscles in Community-Dwelling Older Women: A Cross-Sectional Study
Baek, G., Han, B., & Lee, K.-H. (2025) · Applied Sciences · doi:10.3390/app152010906 · Cited by 1
Association between IGF-2 gene and fat-free mass in response to resistance training
Guimarães, A. C., Pereira, R. W., Lima, R. M., Silva, M. S., Reis, V. M., Garrido, N. D., Maia, R., & de Oliveira, R. J. (2013) · Health · doi:10.4236/health.2013.56133 · Cited by 1
“Sarcopenia being described in both elderly men and women [23], has been linked to multiple negative clinical outcomes and thus imposes significant health care cost implications.”
Background
Hypothalamic pituitary dysfunction following traumatic brain injury
Rosario, E. R., Bustos, M. R., & Moore, C. (2013) · Social Care and Neurodisability · doi:10.1108/scn-12-2012-0006 · Cited by 1
Clinical and Biochemical Evaluation Changes Over Aging
Abbatecola, A. M., Windham, B. G., Bandinelli, S., Lauretani, F., Paolisso, G., & Ferrucci, L. (2006) · Kluwer Academic Publishers eBooks · doi:10.1007/0-387-23962-6_7 · Cited by 1
Employability of older people: a scientific review, conclusions and recommendations
Kadefors, R. (2013) · Cited by 1
Modern Geriatric Giants: Sarcopenia and Frailty
(2021) · The Singapore Family Physician · doi:10.33591/sfp.47.2.u4 · Cited by 1
Difference of the association between low muscle mass and physical inactivity by sex resulting from the choice of the diagnostic criterion for low muscle mass in elderly Koreans
Huh, Y., Lee, S. H., & Son, K. Y. (2022) · Geriatrics and gerontology international/Geriatrics & gerontology international · doi:10.1111/ggi.14516 · Cited by 1
Influência da proteína de soja enriquecida com isoflavona e dos exercícios com pesos sobre o metabolismo energético de mulheres na pós-menopausa
Trevisan, M. C. (2010) · doi:10.11606/t.89.2010.tde-17012011-145815 · Cited by 1
Age-related contractile changes in plantarflexor muscles in women: associations with postactivation potentiation and recreational physical activity
Kuu, S. (2006) · DSpace repository (University of Tartu) · Cited by 1

Authors: Baumgartner, R. N., Waters, D. L., Gallagher, D., Morley, J. E., & Garry, P. J.
Affiliations: University of New Mexico (US)
St. Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital Center (US)
St. Louis VA Medical Center (US)
Corresponding author: Morley, John E.
ORCID: Baumgartner, Richard N.
Waters, Debra L.
Gallagher, Dympna
Morley, John E.
Venue: Mechanisms of Ageing and Development
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 1999-03
Volume: 107
Issue: 2
Pages: 123-136
ISSN: 0047-6374 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/s0047-6374(98)00130-4
OpenAlex: W2042178933
Cited by: 809
References: 34
Citations by year: 2026: 9 · 2025: 28 · 2024: 23 · 2023: 22 · 2022: 38 · 2021: 29 · 2020: 33 · 2019: 26 · 2018: 42 · 2017: 40 · 2016: 34 · 2015: 26 · 2014: 35 · 2013: 46 · 2012: 44
FWCI: 9.84
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Mechanisms of Ageing and Development (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health
National Institute on Aging (R01AG010149, AG 02049, AG 10149)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Nutrition and Health in Aging
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Muscle Physiology and Disorders
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Hormonal and reproductive studies
Keywords: skeletal muscle mass, muscle strength, sarcopenia, aging, older adults, sex differences, physical activity, sex hormones, free testosterone, estrone, sex hormone-binding globulin, insulin-like growth factor I, grip strength, fat mass, cardiovascular disease, body composition
MeSH terms: Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Aging, Body Composition, Female, Humans, Male, Muscle, Skeletal

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Predictors of skeletal muscle mass in elderly men and women

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks